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Dr. N. A. Reddy

Dept. of Education

Central University of Karnataka

Kalaburagi, Karnataka

Research and Development

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Outline

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Introduction

Learning Outcome: Explore the role of Research in Development.

Conclusion

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Learning Outcome

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At the end of the session, the participants will be able to explore the Role of Research in Development.

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Research and Development

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According to UNESCO’s data, the global expenditure on Research and Development (R&D) has crossed US $1.7 trillion. This signifies the importance of R&D in modern economies. Countries are now placing extensive focus on their R&D programs in order to gain a competitive edge in the fast-changing technology-driven world.

India too wants to leverage this domain but experts have expressed caution over the meagre allocations towards the sector. It is significantly behind its global peers and hence may lose a substantial share of the innovation pie in the long run.

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What is the current status of spending on

Research and Development?

The Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is around 0.7%. The percentage expenditure for the last couple of years has shown a downward trend.

According to a report (2020) prepared by the Department of Science and Technology (DST); of the funding allocated to R&D in 2017-18, 61.4% of the amount went to DRDO (31.6%), Departments of Space (19%) and Atomic Energy (10.8%) together. Approximately 37% was allocated to the general R&D agencies like the ICAR, CSIR, DST, DBT, ICMR etc. while only 0.9% was allocated to R&D in electronics, IT and renewable energy.

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How does India perform in comparison to other countries?

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What is the need to focus on R&D?�

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Productivity and Economic Growth

Low Cost Indigenous solutions

Improve Learning Outcomes

Reducing Imports

Tackling Emergencies

National Security

Climate Change

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Advantages of R&D?�

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What steps have been taken by the Government to boost R&D?

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National Research Foundation

IMPRINT initiative (IMPacting Research, INnovation and Technology)

Atal Tinkering Labs

IPR Laws

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What are the impediments faced by the R&D sector?

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Low Funding

Delay in Disbursal

High Dependence on Grants

Lack of Skilled Personnel

IPR violation

Outdated Curriculum and Pedagogy

Fiscal Deficit

Poor Private Sector Participation

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What steps can be taken to boost R&D?

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Digital Initiatives of Govt. of India

There are many important digital initiatives of Government of India in Higher Education. They are:

1) SWAYAM

2) SWAYAM PRABHA

3) National Academic Depository (NAD)

4) National Digital Library of India (NDL India)

5) e-Shodh Sindhu (eSS)

6) Virtual Labs

7) e-Yantra

8) Talk to a Teacher Programme

9) E-acharya

10) E-Kalpa

11) FOSSEE (Free/Libre and Open Source Software in Education)

12) Vidwan

13) Spoken Tutorial

14) BAADAL

15) Global Initiative of Academic Networks (GIAN)

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16) National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF)

17) IMPRINT – (IMPacting Research INnovation and Technology)

18) SAKSHAT: A One Stop Education Portal

19) Atal Ranking of Institutions on Innovation Achievements (ARIIA);

20) Know Your College

21) DigiLocker

22) The National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning

(NPTEL);

23) OSCAR (Open Source Courseware Animations Repository)

24) ShodhGangotri

25) Virtual Learning Environment

26) Text Transcription of Video Content

27) SOS Tools;

28) e-PG Pathshala

29) Shodhganga

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30) Shodhshuddhi

31) NASSDOC

32) INDCAT

33) SOUL 2.0

34) Vidya-Mitra

35) UGC-MOOCs

36) INFISTATS

37) INFED

38) IRINS

39) E-NBA

40) National Testing Agency; and so on.

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@ Dr. N.A. Reddy, & Dr. Shrutashwinee Gogoi (2022)

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PREMATHO�(A Model of Well-being)

  • P-Positive Emotions
  • R-Relations
  • E-Engagement
  • M-Mindfulness
  • A-Accomplishment
  • T-Truthfulness
  • H-Heartfulness
  • O-Open Minded

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@ Dr. N.A. Reddy, & Dr. Shrutashwinee Gogoi (2022)

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1. SEARCH

2. Select

3. Study

4. Skilful

5. Store

6. Share

7. SMART

7 S’s Model of Learning and Teaching through Online

@ Dr. Naraginti Amareswaran Reddy & Dr. Shrutashwinee Gogoi

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5 L’s Model of Education

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LIKE

LOVE

LEARN

LEAVE

LIVE

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