Dr. N. A. Reddy
Dept. of Education
Central University of Karnataka
Kalaburagi, Karnataka
Research and Development
Outline
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Introduction
Learning Outcome: Explore the role of Research in Development.
Conclusion
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Learning Outcome
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At the end of the session, the participants will be able to explore the Role of Research in Development.
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Research and Development
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According to UNESCO’s data, the global expenditure on Research and Development (R&D) has crossed US $1.7 trillion. This signifies the importance of R&D in modern economies. Countries are now placing extensive focus on their R&D programs in order to gain a competitive edge in the fast-changing technology-driven world.
India too wants to leverage this domain but experts have expressed caution over the meagre allocations towards the sector. It is significantly behind its global peers and hence may lose a substantial share of the innovation pie in the long run.
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What is the current status of spending on
Research and Development?
The Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is around 0.7%. The percentage expenditure for the last couple of years has shown a downward trend.
According to a report (2020) prepared by the Department of Science and Technology (DST); of the funding allocated to R&D in 2017-18, 61.4% of the amount went to DRDO (31.6%), Departments of Space (19%) and Atomic Energy (10.8%) together. Approximately 37% was allocated to the general R&D agencies like the ICAR, CSIR, DST, DBT, ICMR etc. while only 0.9% was allocated to R&D in electronics, IT and renewable energy.
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How does India perform in comparison to other countries?
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What is the need to focus on R&D?��
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Productivity and Economic Growth
Low Cost Indigenous solutions
Improve Learning Outcomes
Reducing Imports
Tackling Emergencies
National Security
Climate Change
Advantages of R&D?��
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What steps have been taken by the Government to boost R&D?�
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National Research Foundation
IMPRINT initiative (IMPacting Research, INnovation and Technology)
Atal Tinkering Labs
IPR Laws
What are the impediments faced by the R&D sector?
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Low Funding
Delay in Disbursal
High Dependence on Grants
Lack of Skilled Personnel
IPR violation
Outdated Curriculum and Pedagogy
Fiscal Deficit
Poor Private Sector Participation
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What steps can be taken to boost R&D?
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Digital Initiatives of Govt. of India
There are many important digital initiatives of Government of India in Higher Education. They are:
1) SWAYAM
2) SWAYAM PRABHA
3) National Academic Depository (NAD)
4) National Digital Library of India (NDL India)
5) e-Shodh Sindhu (eSS)
6) Virtual Labs
7) e-Yantra
8) Talk to a Teacher Programme
9) E-acharya
10) E-Kalpa
11) FOSSEE (Free/Libre and Open Source Software in Education)
12) Vidwan
13) Spoken Tutorial
14) BAADAL
15) Global Initiative of Academic Networks (GIAN)
16) National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF)
17) IMPRINT – (IMPacting Research INnovation and Technology)
18) SAKSHAT: A One Stop Education Portal
19) Atal Ranking of Institutions on Innovation Achievements (ARIIA);
20) Know Your College
21) DigiLocker
22) The National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning
(NPTEL);
23) OSCAR (Open Source Courseware Animations Repository)
24) ShodhGangotri
25) Virtual Learning Environment
26) Text Transcription of Video Content
27) SOS Tools;
28) e-PG Pathshala
29) Shodhganga
30) Shodhshuddhi
31) NASSDOC
32) INDCAT
33) SOUL 2.0
34) Vidya-Mitra
35) UGC-MOOCs
36) INFISTATS
37) INFED
38) IRINS
39) E-NBA
40) National Testing Agency; and so on.
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@ Dr. N.A. Reddy, & Dr. Shrutashwinee Gogoi (2022)
PREMATHO�(A Model of Well-being)
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@ Dr. N.A. Reddy, & Dr. Shrutashwinee Gogoi (2022)
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1. SEARCH
2. Select
3. Study
4. Skilful
5. Store
6. Share
7. SMART
7 S’s Model of Learning and Teaching through Online�
@ Dr. Naraginti Amareswaran Reddy & Dr. Shrutashwinee Gogoi
5 L’s Model of Education
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LIKE
LOVE
LEARN
LEAVE
LIVE
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