MICROCONTROLLER AND ITS APPLICATIONS

• To explain the architecture of RP2040 chip
• To outline the features of cortex M0+ chip
• To explore the peripherals in RP2040

COURSE OBJECTIVES

• Describe the architecture of RP2040
• Illustrate the bus fabric and single cycle I/O of RP2040
• Use appropriate configurations of cortex M0+ in system design
• Demonstrate the Programmable I/O in system design.
• Categorize the peripherals for designing a system using RP2040

COURSE OUTCOME

COURSE OUTCOME

COURSE OUTCOME

Hands on!!!

COURSE PLAN

CIAT 1

ASSIGN 1

CIAT 2

ASSIGN 2

Hands on!!!

COURSE PLAN

CIAT 1

ASSIGN 1

CIAT 2

ASSIGN 2

Unit 1,2 and Half in Unit 3

Half in Unit 3, Unit 4 and 5

Simulation and Study

Project and product

COURSE MATERIALS

CIAT 1

ASSIGN 1

CIAT 2

ASSIGN 2

Unit 1,2 and Half in Unit 3

Half in Unit 3, Unit 4 and 5

Simulation and Study

Project and product

Raspberry Pi PICO

Microcontroller

Let’s get our basics brushed

What is inside a microprocessor?

Millions of ICs?

What kinda ICs?

Analog IC | Digital IC

What is inside these ICs?

Let’s get our basics brushed

What is inside a microprocessor?

Millions of ICs?

What kinda ICs?

Analog IC | Digital IC

What is inside these ICs?

Transistors

What is inside these transistors?

Diodes? FETs?

What is inside a microprocessor?

Millions of ICs?

What kinda ICs?

Analog IC | Digital IC

What is inside these ICs?

Transistors

What is inside these transistors?

Diodes? FETs?

Let’s get our basics brushed

Let’s get our basics brushed

What is inside a microprocessor?

Millions of ICs?

What kinda ICs?

Analog IC | Digital IC

What is inside these ICs?

Transistors

What is inside these transistors?

Diodes? FETs?

Let’s get our basics brushed

Transistors

Let’s get our basics brushed

Transistors

Are transistors analog or Digital?

Let’s get our basics brushed

Transistors

Differences in the above two is, one is RTL, another is TTL and then there is also another formation DTL

Analyze

And find the GATE configuration

Analyze

• Introduction
• A system overview of the RP2040 chip
• Pin Descriptions
• GPIO Functions

Introduction

Introduction

4

0

Summary

Introduction

• Dual Cortex M0+ processor cores, up to 133MHz
• 264kB of embedded SRAM in 6 banks
• 30 multifunction GPIO
• 6 dedicated IO for SPI Flash (supporting XIP)
• Dedicated hardware for commonly used peripherals
• Programmable IO for extended peripheral support
• 4 channel ADC with internal temperature sensor, 500ksps, 12-bit conversion
• USB 1.1 Host/Device

16MHz

160MHz

240MHz

• 30 multifunction GPIO

• Dual Cortex M0+ processor cores, up to 133MHz

• 264kB of embedded SRAM in 6 banks

• 6 dedicated IO for SPI Flash (supporting XIP)

I2C vs SPI vs UART

• Dedicated hardware for commonly used peripherals

• Programmable IO for extended peripheral support

• 4 channel ADC with internal temperature sensor, 500ksps, 12-bit conversion

Was ist das?

Und warum brauchen wir das?

How these registers are used in program?

How these registers are used in program?

How these registers are used in program?

https://docs.micropython.org/en/latest/rp2/quickref.html

A system overview of the RP2040 chip

RP2040

IO

CLOCK

PERIPHERALS

BUS FABRIC

PROCESSOR

MEMORY

PIO

DMA

IO

CLOCK

PERIPHERALS

BUS FABRIC

PROCESSOR

MEMORY

PIO

DMA

Architecture of RP2040

IO

CLOCK

PERIPHERALS

BUS FABRIC

PROCESSOR

MEMORY

PIO

DMA

RP2040

Crystal is used to generate the clock pulse for the system.

In addition there is clock generation to enable the different clock values. Further PLL is provided to support the operation

RP2040

Access to the internal Serial Wire Debug multi-drop bus. Provides debug access to both processors, and can be used to download code

RP2040

General-purpose digital input and output. RP2040 can connect one of a number of internal peripherals to each GPIO, or control GPIOs directly from software.

26-29 - ADC

RP2040

• ControlReset : Allows resetting the whole chip or individual peripherals to recover from faults.
• Power-On State Machine: Initializes clocks and releases resets in sequence during power-up.
• SYSCTRL: Manages system-level settings like clock sources, dividers, and subsystem enable/disable.
• SYSINFO: Provides read-only chip identification and hardware information registers.
• Watchdog: Resets the chip or triggers events if the system stops responding.

QSPI is a high-speed serial interface that uses four data lines to transfer data between a microcontroller and external flash memory.�It enables faster read/write operations than standard SPI, often supporting execute-in-place (XIP) so code can run directly from external flash.

This is the structure which controls the bus over the regions of the system.

RP2040

There are 2 processors which can be interrupted and has connection to SIO

Programmable input and output.

Memories in RP2040

RP2040

Pin Descriptions

Classify and detail the functions of various pins

Pin Descriptions

Pin Descriptions

Pin Descriptions

• VREG_VIN: Input voltage for the internal voltage regulator circuit.
• IOVDD: Voltage for the input/output pins used for external interfacing.
• DVDD: Voltage for the digital core components like the processor and memory.

GPIO Functions

https://wokwi.com/projects/372647173572190209

To select the functions, watch this video from 44^th minute onwards.

://www.youtube.com/whttpsatch?v=Duel_Oaases&t=745s

https://docs.micropython.org/en/latest/rp2/quickref.html

GPIO Functions

Each individual GPIO pin can be connected to an internal peripheral via the GPIO functions defined below. Some internal peripheral connections appear in multiple places to allow some system level flexibility. SIO, PIO0 and PIO1 can connect to all GPIO pins and are controlled by software (or software controlled state machines) so can be used to implement many functions.

https://wokwi.com/projects/372647173572190209

To select the function use func_sel register, see in page236 of the datasheet

Differentiate the General-Purpose Input Output pins in RP2040

#define  LED 1

unsigned int * gpioOut = (unsigned int*)0xd0000010;

�void setup() {

  // put your setup code here, to run once:

  pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);

  pinMode(3,OUTPUT);

  pinMode(1,OUTPUT);

  pinMode(0,OUTPUT);

  pinMode(6,OUTPUT);

  pinMode(2,OUTPUT);

  pinMode(5,OUTPUT);

  pinMode(4,OUTPUT);

  pinMode(7,OUTPUT);

}

�void loop() {

  *gpioOut = 0b11111111;

  delay(1000); // this speeds up the simulation

  *gpioOut = 0;

  delay(1000);

}

�

const int numLEDs = 8; // Number of LEDs

const int ledPins[numLEDs] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}; // GPIO pins connected to LEDs

�void setup() {

  for (int i = 0; i < numLEDs; i++) {

    pinMode(ledPins[i], OUTPUT); // Set LED pins as OUTPUT

  }

}

�void loop() {

   for (int i = 0; i < numLEDs; i++) {

    digitalWrite(ledPins[i], HIGH); // Turn on all LEDs simultaneously

  }

  delay(500); // Wait for 500ms

  for (int i = 0; i < numLEDs; i++) {

    digitalWrite(ledPins[i], LOW); // Turn off all LEDs simultaneously

  }

  delay(500); // Wait for 500ms

}

https://wokwi.com/projects/372647917103864833

Register based programming to toggle LEDs

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Duel_Oaases&t=745s

https://docs.micropython.org/en/latest/rp2/quickref.html