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- డా.బి.ఆదినారాయణ

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Crustose lichen

Foliage lichen

Fruticose lichen

Eg: Graphis

Eg: Paramelia

Eg: Usnea

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T.S of Lichen Thallus

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SPECIALISED VEGETATIVE STRUCTURES

1.BREATHING PORES: Present on upper cortex and used for gaseous exchane.

2. CYPHALLAE :Present on lowe cortex present in the form of small cups.Open into

inner cortex and help in gaseous exchange.

3. CEPHALODIA :Black,hard,small gall like structures present on upper thallus.Other

algal members (Blue-Green algae) present in this.

4. ISIDIA : Small microscopic collumnar sructures present on upper thallus.It

contains same alga present in the mother thallus. It helps in vegetatve

reproduction. IT shows different shapes in different species..

5. SOREDIA: Small roundgrey coloured vegetative stuctures present in thallus. It

contains both algae and fungi.They help in vegetative reproductin.They

disperse through air and animals.

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SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

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Lichens are called as FARMERS OF NATURE
Green Manure : Used as cattle food in cold countries.

Eg. Cladonia rangiferina(Reindeer moss).

Human food :Used as food in as it contains more vit-D,

vit-A. PARMALIA is used as a condiment in dishes.

EDNDOCARPON is used as food in Japan.

Theses are also used as MEDECINES for fits, jaundice

and diarrhea (LOBARIA) . PELTIGERA (dog-lichen)used

for removing hydrophobia.

Lichens used in dye industry and warnish industry as dying

agents like ORCHIL,CUD-BEAR.

They are also used in preparation of LITMUS PAPERS.

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T H A N K Y O U