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DISCRIMINATION, HARASSMENT, BIAS, �SEXUAL MISCONDUCT, INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE & STALKING��MANDATORY REPORTING FOR RAS

Presented by: Jennifer Storm, Director of Institutional Equity, Compliance & Title IX

Claire Griffin, Assoc. Director of Prevention Education

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What does the Office of Equity & Title IX do?

EQUAL OPPORTUNITY

  • Receives all reports related to discrimination and harassment based on protected categories, sexual harassment, sexual misconduct, intimate partner violence, and stalking under the College’s Equal Opportunity and Nondiscrimination Policy.
  • Oversee, assess, and conduct investigations of such complaints.
  • Provide supportive & interim measures.
  • Provide training on the College’s discrimination and harassment policies and processes.
  • Oversee federal and state compliance related to nondiscrimination

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Goals

UNDERSTAND YOUR ROLE AS A MANDATORY REPORTER

KNOW WHEN TO REPORT

KNOW HOW TO REPORT

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Take care

Today’s training addresses serious and sensitive issues.

Your well-being comes first.

Please take care of yourself.

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EQUAL OPPORTUNITY AND NONDISCRIMINATION POLICY

For incidents of protected class discrimination and harassment, �sexual harassment, intimate partner violence, stalking, and retaliatory harassment.

Muhlenberg College is dedicated to providing a diverse, equitable, and inclusive educational and work environment for all students, faculty, and staff. The College has developed this policy, the Equal Opportunity and Nondiscrimination Policy (the “EO Policy”), to reaffirm this dedication.

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Title VI of the Civil Rights Act

“No person in the United States shall, on the ground of race, color, or national origin, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance.”

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What does Federal Law Say?

Title IX-Federal Education Law:

"No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance."

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Relationships as an RA

Student employees who have direct responsibilities over students that are assigned to them are discouraged from engaging in sexual or romantic relationships with those students, must immediately report the relationship to their supervisor, and follow any reasonable directions given by their supervisor concerning the matter.

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What Is Free Speech on Campus?

The First Amendment protects your right to express opinions—even controversial or offensive ones—on public college campuses. However, free speech is not absolute.

Harmful Speech: There are exceptions, especially when speech crosses into harassment, threats, or creates a hostile educational environment.

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Why Title VI

Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits discrimination based on race, color, or national origin in programs or activities receiving federal funding.

Under Title VI, schools must respond to:

  • Harassment that is severe, pervasive, and objectively offensive
  • Conduct that interferes with a student’s ability to participate in educational programs or activities

Title VI

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Protected? Violation?

Type of Language

Is It Protected Speech?

Potential Title VI Violation?

Political Debates i.e, DEI, Immigration, Orgs and Candidates etc.

Protected viewpoint

No, unless it targets individuals

A single offensive joke

Likely protected (unless repeated)

Not Likely

Racial slurs used repeatedly

Not protected if it creates a hostile environment

Yes

Display of Confederate flag, Writing Free Palestine, etc.

Protected unless used to target or intimidate

Context matters

Harassing memes or graffiti targeting a group

Not protected if severe and targeted

Yes

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Harassment & Discrimination Determinations…

Office of Civil Rights has repeatedly declined to state definitively whether certain language or conduct is or is not discriminatory or qualifies as harassment because this will always depend on the individual circumstances uncovered during an investigation

Case-by-case basis

Consideration of individualized factors

Highly fact-specific

Totality of the circumstances

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Understanding the origin of certain terms or images helps explain why they are harmful, even when the speaker doesn’t intend harm.

  • Racial slurs (e.g., the N-word): Tied to a legacy of slavery, segregation, and systemic violence.
  • Swastika: Originally a symbol of good fortune, but now globally recognized as a symbol of Nazi hate and genocide.
  • “Go back to your country”: Often used to harass immigrants and BIPOC individuals, carrying xenophobic connotations.
  • “All Lives Matter” in response to “Black Lives Matter”: Often used to dismiss racial justice movements.

Historical Context of Harmful Language and Symbols

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If speech makes you or others feel unsafe, targeted, or excluded, you don’t have to stay silent. Here’s how to intervene:

🚥 A. Recognize When to Act

  • Is the speech repeated or targeted?
  • Does it disrupt someone’s ability to be in class or on campus?
  • Is there physical intimidation or vandalism?

✋ B. Interrupt the Moment (Safely)

  • “I don’t think that’s appropriate.”
  • “That language can be harmful, even if you didn’t mean it that way.”
  • “Can we pause and talk about what was just said?”

What to Do When Speech Becomes Harmful

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C. Use Bystander Tools

  • Direct: Speak up directly if you feel safe.
  • Distract: Change the subject or redirect attention.
  • Delegate: Contact a staff member or RA.
  • Document: Record incidents (with consent) or keep notes for follow-up.

D. Report It

If you believe the behavior may violate the EO Policy:

  • Report to the Office of Equity & Title IX- When in doubt, fill it out!
  • Seek support from campus counseling or Director, Student Diversity Initiatives, Robin Riley-Casey

What to Do When Speech Becomes Harmful

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Many marginalized groups have reclaimed historically harmful words as a form of empowerment and identity. This process called reclamation can be an important act of resistance and solidarity within a community but may be deeply offensive or harmful when used outside that context.

Examples of Reclaimed Terms:

  • The N-word (ending in -a): Used in some Black communities to signal solidarity or cultural connection. Still highly controversial, and never appropriate for non-Black individuals to use.
  • “Queer”: Once a slur, now reclaimed by many in the LGBTQ+ community as a broad identity label.
  • “Crip” or “Mad”: Reclaimed by some in the disability and mental health communities to challenge stigma.
  • “Latinx/Latine”: Used in some communities as gender-inclusive alternatives to Latino/Latina though not universally accepted.

Reclaiming Language: Identity, Power, and Context

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Reclaiming Language: Identity, Power, and Context

Reclamation is protected under free speech, especially when used within the community reclaiming it. However:

  • Context: Who is using the word, and how?
  • Intent vs. Impact: Even if a word is reclaimed, it can still create harm or confusion in public, mixed spaces.
  • Equal Treatment: Title VI does not prohibit group-specific usage, but it does prohibit harassment or hostile environments stemming from language use.

Takeaways

  • Don’t assume a word is “okay” because you’ve heard others use it.
    • Example: A non-Black student using the N-word because it's common in music or peer groups may still violate policies or cause harm.
  • Respect community-specific language use even if you don’t personally identify with or understand it.
  • Ask questions with humility if you don’t understand the context.

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Where is the Line

Under free speech, a student can say a reclaimed word, but:

  • If it's used to target, harass, or demean someone from another identity group, it can become a Title VI violation.
  • If it’s part of classroom discussion, self-expression, or student group dialogue, it is likely protected even if others are uncomfortable. (check the syllabus)
  • If it becomes severe, persistent, and disrupts another student's access to education, we must investigate whether it violates our EO Policy.

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Not Covered by First Amendment

  • Violence
  • Direct Threats or Intimidation
    • A true threat is a “serious expression of an intent to commit an act of unlawful violence to a particular individual or group of individuals.”
    • Intimidation “is a type of true threat, where a speaker directs a threat to a person or group of persons with the intent of placing the victim in fear of bodily harm or death.”
  • Incitement of Violence
  • Conduct under Title VI

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RA LEADERSHIP RESPONSIBILITIES

  • You are now in a position of authority over the students under your direct supervision.
  • You are an employee of the College, therefore, you are held to a stricter standard around language, speech and behavior.
  • You are leaders.
  • Be mindful of your personal bias and stances and how they may impact those around you.

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Bias Response & Support Requirement

Provide direct support to community members impacted by harm, discrimination, or lack of access. Serve as a resource and advocate for affected individuals and groups.

Assessment & Advocacy

  • Evaluate campus policies and practices to identity barriers to access, inclusion, and equity
  • Advocate for systemic changes that reduce discrimination and promote institutional accountability.

Education & Community Building

  • Offer educational resources, programs, and workshops that foster social consciousness
  • Promote dialogue, understanding, and community engagement across diverse groups.
  • Support student leadership in creating a more inclusive and equitable campus culture.

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Mandatory reporting policy

  • All employees are required to report incidents of discrimination, harassment, sexual misconduct, intimate partner violence, stalking, or retaliatory harassment that they learn of or witness to the Equity and Title IX Office & Campus Safety.

  • In addition, “Clery crimes” must be reported to Campus Safety.*

*Exceptions: Confidential employees who have a privileged relationship by law – counselors, healthcare providers, and work study students and clergy. However information on Title IX options and office should be given when a disclosure is made.

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How are reports made?

Anyone can make a report, online, in person, by phone, by email.

  • Anonymously
  • By the person impacted
  • By a third party to an incident
  • By a mandatory reporter

The majority of the reports received are by mandatory reporters. The majority of the mandatory reports made are by RAs.

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“learn of or witness”

If it involved a Muhlenberg student, faculty member, or staff member;

If it occurs on campus;

If it occurs off campus during a Muhlenberg program, activity, or event; or

If it occurs off campus but affects a substantial interest of the College

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Bias Incident Reporting

Includes a broad range of conduct that can be verbal, non-verbal, written, or physical conduct that harms, discriminates, or harasses anyone in our community based on a protected identity (such as age, color, disability, gender, gender identity, ethnicity, national origin, race, religion, sexual orientation, veteran status, and any other legally protected characteristic). Not all bias incidents will be considered a College policy violation. However, all bias incidents should be reported for appropriate notice, support, and response. Examples of bias-related incidents are: Verbal Attack, harassment, graffiti, vandalism and violence.

Policies & Procedures

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Bias Incident Protocol

Active Bias Incident Response

  1. Safely separate parties as soon as possible, if necessary AND comfortable (verbal only, not physically...see next bullet).
  2. Ensure no party is in immediate threat or physical danger.
  3. Inform student reporters that RAs are mandatory reporters for bias incidents.
  4. Offer to help reporters fill out the online Bias Incident reporting form.
  5. REGARDLESS of if the reporter fills out the form, the RA should fill out their own IR via the bias online reporting link.
  6. RA offers student reporting resource guide.
  7. Submit an incident report.

Policies & Procedures

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Non Bias Related Vandalism

This year, we have decided to update our vandalism procedures as it relates to vandalism that is non-bias in nature and written on whiteboards (i.e. profanity, phallic symbols, etc). If you see these things written or drawn on whiteboards, please follow the following procedures:

  1. Whiteboards
    1. Take a picture of the vandalism, preferably with the RA duty phone in your building
    2. Erase the images or wording
    3. Knock on the students door and ask the following questions
      1. Were you aware of the vandalism on your whiteboard?
        1. Yes or No
          1. How are you feeling in response?
          2. Has this occurred before?
          3. Do you know who may have written on your whiteboard?
          4. Is there any way I can support you (i.e. you can offer counseling services or students can submit a formal report with Campus Safety)?
    4. Submit an incident report
      • Attach the picture to the IR
  2. Non-whiteboards (in permanent materials such as sharpie marker, paint, scratched or etched in, etc or anything that would require emergency maintenance to remove it)
    • Take a picture of the vandalism, preferably with the RA duty phone in your building
    • Cover the images or wording
    • If around a student door, knock on the students door and ask the following questions
      • Were you aware of the vandalism on your whiteboard?
        • Yes or No
          • How are you feeling in response?
          • Has this occurred before?
          • Do you know who may have written on your whiteboard?
          • Is there any way I can support you (i.e. you can offer counseling services or students can submit a formal report with Campus Safety)?
    • Removal
      • 8:30 am-4:30 pm: Contact HRL for assistance with removal
      • After hours:
        • Text message the picture to the Professional Staff Member On Call
        • Call the Professional Staff Member On Call
        • The Professional Staff Member On Call will determine if Emergency Maintenance should be called
    • Submit an incident report
      • Attach the picture to the IR

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Vandalism

Bias-based Graffiti and Vandalism Response:

1. Take a picture of graffiti or vandalism.

2. Cover it to the best of your ability.

3. Call Campus Safety. RA should articulate the area, size, and nature of graffiti or vandalism to Campus Safety.

4. Call the professional staff member on call to relay information about graffiti or vandalism and send the picture(s) to professional staff member on call through building duty cell phone.

5. Do NOT move, destroy, erase, or otherwise remove graffiti from the area without the express permission from the professional staff member on call.

6. Remain on scene until assistance arrives.

7. Limit student interactions with the graffiti or vandalism.

8. Document what items and areas have been damaged or affected by graffiti or vandalism.

9. Addresses any distressing emotions the student may be experiencing and refer them to the appropriate resources.

10. Informs students they may be contacted by the Dean of Students Office for follow up information.

Policies & Procedures

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Sexual Misconduct Protocol

  1. Ensure student is in a safe space and offer medical assistance even if no obvious injuries are present.
    1. Contact Campus Safety if medical assistance is needed for injuries and/or for immediate assistance.
  2. Inform the student you are a mandated reporter as soon as you think they are going to disclose.
  3. Contact the professional staff member on call.
  4. RA will need to fill out the online reporting form on the Title IX webpage. RA can also offer to help the student file their own report should they wish to do so and also advise them of their options, including that they are not required to respond to the Title IX office upon outreach.

Policies & Procedures

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Supporting Students

If someone shares an instance of sexual misconduct with you, these suggestions are intended to help you best support the individual.

Listen: Allow the person who is disclosing information to guide the conversation and next steps. Please don’t ask follow-up questions to gather additional details, the Director of Equity & Title IX will do that and we want to minimize the amount of times the student has to disclose the details of the event.

Validate: Validate the reporting individual’s feelings and give them options. Supportive statements include:

o I hear you. This is not your fault.

o That sounds like a difficult situation.

o How can I best support you right now?

o Would you like to talk about it?

o Ask what you can do to assist the individual:

▪ Would they like to go to a different space (more private, different building, etc.)?

▪ Would they like to contact someone or have a friend with them?

Address Medical Needs: Contact Campus Safety.

Policies & Procedures

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Supporting Students

Be Inclusive: Remember that sexual misconduct can affect anyone in our community and all individuals are protected under our policy. All genders, gender identities, ethnicities, sexual orientations and backgrounds can experience sexual misconduct.

Mention Resources: This includes Campus Safety, the professional staff member on call & the Counselor on Call.

Do not talk to accused persons unless directed to by a professional staff member.

Recognize the effects of trauma: Trauma affects individuals in different ways and can directly impact memory and behaviors. Someone may be experiencing trauma and not act the way you think they should act.

Respect their privacy: Only discuss the situation with those who MUST be informed due to your role as an RA. Also, do not attempt to contact others involved in the misconduct or try to conduct an investigation into the situation on your own.

Seek self-care: Having someone disclose this type of information to you could be difficult for them and for you. Take care of yourself and seek support as necessary.

Things not to do: Blame them, try to investigate or solve the issue, demand to know details, touch them, share their experience with anyone other than those who must know.

Policies & Procedures

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Listen: Allow the person who is disclosing information to guide the conversation and next steps. Please don’t ask follow-up questions to gather additional details, the Director of Equity & Title IX will do that and we want to minimize the amount of times the student has to disclose the details of the event.

Validate: Validate the reporting individual’s feelings and give them options. Supportive statements include:

  • I hear you. This is not your fault.
  • That sounds like a difficult situation.
  • How can I best support you right now?
  • Would you like to talk about it?
  • Ask what you can do to assist the individual:
  • Would they like to go to a different space (more private, different building, etc.)?

▪ Would they like to contact someone or have a friend with them?

Address Medical Needs: Contact Campus Safety.

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PRACTICE SCENARIOS

Consider the information

Discuss what you would do and why

Is it reportable?

What can you do prevention wise?

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Scenario 1

Situation: You are walking down the hall in Prosser and you see a racial or sexist slur written on a student in door.

Problem Solving Questions:

  1. How should you investigate the report and gather accurate information about the situation?
  2. What steps can you take to per protocol.
  3. How can you support the student/community who feel affected?
  4. What educational resources or programs can you suggest?

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Scenario 2

Misinformation and Bias

Situation: A student reports that another student is spreading misinformation on social media, which they believe is creating a biased and hostile environment.

Problem Solving Questions:

  • How should you investigate the report and gather accurate information about the situation?
  • What steps can you take to address the spread of misinformation and promote factual, balanced discussions?
  • How can you support the student who feels affected by the misinformation while respecting the other student's right to free speech?
  • What educational resources or programs can you suggest to promote critical thinking and media literacy among students?

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Scenario 3

Misinformation and Bias

Situation: A student organization is posting about a divisive issue on social media and tagging another student who opposes their views. The student reports it to you.

Problem Solving Questions:

  1. How should you investigate the report and gather accurate information about the situation?
  2. What steps can you take to address the harm done?
  3. How can you support the student who feels affected by the posts?
  4. What educational resources or programs can you suggest to promote critical thinking and media literacy among students?

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Scenario 4

You are at an off campus house party and you see two of your friends drinking and flirting with each other. They are touching and kissing throughout the night and seem to be enjoying each other’s company. One of your friends appears much more visibly intoxicated than the other and at one point runs outside to vomit. The friend who is more sober continues to make sexual advances after the intoxicated friend returns from vomiting.

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What if a friend or student tells me something in confidence and asks me not to report it?

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As an RA, I have a responsibility to report this…

“What can I do to support you?”

“Would you like to make the report together?”

“I want to help and make sure you are connected with the appropriate resources on campus. I will let them know in the report that you want to keep it confidential.”

“Someone will reach out to you and it’s up to you whether you want to respond. You will not get in trouble for not responding or deciding not to do anything.”

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What does the Office of Prevention Education do?

  • We work to provide education around preventing:
    • Sexual violence
    • Intimate Partner violence
    • Forms of gender-based bias and harm
  • We’re focused on harm reduction and want to support students’ physical health, personal safety, and overall sense of emotional well-being
  • We’re here to serve as a resource for you!
    • We’re not interested in shaming or blaming people.

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Please contact us anytime.

Jennifer Storm�Director of Institutional Equity, Compliance and Title IX

484-664-3562�jenniferstorm@muhlenberg.edu

Claire Griffin

Associate Director of Prevention Education

clairegriffin@muhlenberg.edu

https://www.muhlenberg.edu/equityandtitleix/

Questions?

Concerns?

Thank you!