PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONS AND SCOPE

Topic Cover –M.A. I-Sem (P-IV)

Submitted By

Dr. Jiwan Devi

Dept. of Political Science

HMV Jalandhar, Punjab, India

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INTRODUCTION

• Public Administration as independent Subject of a social science has recent origin.
• The administrative branch, described as civil service or bureaucracy is the most significant component of governmental machinery of the state. Administration as an activity is as old as society itself. But as an area of study it originated, with the publication of Wilson’s essay on study of Administration in 1887.
• As a process, administration occurs in both public and private organizations. It occurs in such diverse institution as settings as a business firm, labour unions, religious or charitable organizations, educational institutions, etc.
• Administration is commonly divided into two types, Public and Private Administration.

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• Administer is a English word, which is originated from the Latin word ‘ad’ and ‘ministrare’. It means to serve or to manage. Administration means management of affairs, public or private.
• Administration may be defined as “group activity which involves cooperation and coordination for the purpose of achieving desired goals or objectives”.

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DEFINATIONS

• According to Gullick -“Public Administration is that part of the science of administration which has to do with government and thus, concerns itself primarily with the executive branch where the work of the government is done.”
• According to Waldo -“Public Administration is the art and science of management as applied to the affairs of the state.”

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BROADLY DIVIDE FIVE PHASES OF THE GROWTH OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

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• Period I 1887 – 1926
• Period II 1927 - 1937
• Period III 1938 - 1947�
• Period IV 1948-1970
• Period V 1971 - continuing�

NATURE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

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• Two divergent views in the nature of Public administration
• Integral View
• Managerial view

MANAGERIAL VIEW

• The managerial views works of only those persons who are engaged in the performance of managerial functions in an organisation constitute administration.
• In this managerial view the administration has the functions of planning, programming and organize all the activities in an organisation so as to achieve the desired ends.

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INTEGRAL VIEW

• Integral Views of Public administration is a sum total of all the activities undertaken in pursuit of and in fulfillment of public policy.
• These activities include not only managerial and technical but also manual and clerical.
• Thus the activities of all persons from top to bottom constitute administration although they are of varying significance to the running of administrative machinery..

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SCOPE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Scope of Public Administration

• Following are the three important perspectives about the scope of Public Administration.

1. Narrow perspective or POSDCORD perspective.

2. Broad perspective or subject matter view.

3. Prevailing view.

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BROAD PERSPECTIVE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

• According to them Public Administration covers all three branches of the government.
• Legislative, Executive and Judicial and their interrelationship. Legislative organ makes the laws, Executive organ of the government implements the laws.
• Judicial organ of the government interprets the laws. There is interrelationship between these three organs.

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NARROW VIEW

• Gullick sums up the scope of the subject by the letters of the word POSDCORB which denote: Planning, Organisation, Staffing, Directing, Co-ordinating reporting the Budgeting.
• According to Gullick the POSDCORB activities are common to all organizations.
• They are the common problems of management which are found in different agencies regardless of the nature of the work they do.

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• Planning means the working out in broad outline the things to be done, the methods to be adopted to accomplish the purpose.
• Organisation means the establishment of the formal structure of authority through which the work is sub-divided, arranged, defined and coordinated.
• Staffing means the recruitment and training of the personnel and their conditions of work.

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• Directing means making decisions and issuing orders and instructions.
• Coordinating means inter-relating the work of various divisions, sections and other parts of the organisation.
• Reporting means informing the superiors within the agency to whom the executive is responsible about what is going on.
• Budgeting means fiscal planning, control and accounting.

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IMPORTANCE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

In today's modern state and in developing countries functions and role of Public Administration is very important. The role and importance of Public Administration are as follows.

1. It is the basis of government.

2. It is the instrument of change in the society.

3. It plays vital role in the life of the people.

4. It is an instrument for executing laws, policies, programmes of

the state.

5. It is a stabilising force in the society as it provides continuity.

6. It is instrument of national integration in the developing countries which are facing classwars.

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�� CONCLUSION

• The success of government is dependent on the ability of public administration.
• The future of civilized government rests upon the ability, to develop a service and philosophy and a practice of administration competent to discharge the Public functions of civilized society.
• The importance of Public Administration as a discipline and as an activity has been discussed.
• Subsequent developments in the discipline in response to both practical problems and academic questions have further enhanced its importance as a vibrant and meaningful field.

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• In the contemporary world, the burden of public duties on government has been steadily increasing.
• The success of government is dependent on the ability of public administration.
• Today every aspect of human life come within the range of Public Administration. Various departments of government such as education, social welfare, food, agriculture, health, sanitation, transport, communication etc. are run by the department of Public Administration.

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THANK YOU !

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