Grammar &

Punctuation

Level 1

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Writing Sentences

A sentence is a group of words that makes sense on its own.

A sentence starts with a capital letter.

Most sentences end with a full stop.

This is a sentence.

It makes sense.

This is not a sentence.

It does not make sense on its own.

Unit 1

The caterpillar is eating a leaf.

wiggling up and down

Practise

1. Most caterpillars are green.
2. A spider has eight legs.
3. in the night
4. Snails live in shells.
5. is very sunny
6. A fly has wings.
7. like a star
8. Worms live under the ground.

Which of these are sentences?

Copy the sentences into your book.

Making sure

Match the beginnings and endings of these sentences. Write the sentences in your book. The first one has been done for you.

1. A bird
2. Frogs
3. A hedgehog
4. Bats
5. A tortoise
6. Caterpillars

look like flying mice.

has prickles.

flies in the sky.

moves very slowly.

change into butterflies.

live in ponds.

Practise your punctuation

1. sting wasps
2. are busy ants always
3. grow frogs tadpoles into
4. a tail mouse a long has
5. noise bees a buzzing make
6. their spiders catch in webs insects

1. Wasps sting.
2. Ants are always busy.
3. Tadpoles grow into frogs.
4. A mouse has a long tail.
5. Bees make a buzzing noise.
6. Spiders catch insects in their webs.

Arrange these words so that they make sentences.

Remember the full stops and capital letters.

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Verbs (1)

A verb is a word that describes actions.

A verb tells us what someone is doing or what is happening.

This is a verb. It tells us what the farmer is doing.

Unit 2

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The farmer drives his tractor.

Practise

Copy these sentences. Underline the verb in each sentences. The first one has been done for you.

1. The girl dug the garden.
2. She planted some seeds.
3. The girl watered the seeds.
4. The seeds grew into lovely flowers.
5. The girl picked the flowers.
6. She gave the flowers to her Gran.

Making sure

Choose a verb from the box to complete each sentence.

sells climbs works mends types flies

verbs

1. A farmer works on a farm.
2. A pilot flies aeroplanes
3. A baker sells bread and cakes.
4. A secretary types letters.
5. A mountaineer climbs mountains
6. A plumber mends burst pipes.

Practise your punctuation

2. Now write a sentence about what the farmer found in the box.

1. One day a farmer was digging his field.
2. It was hot work.
3. Suddenly, his spade hit something hard.
4. The farmer dug faster.
5. He found a small wooden box.
6. The farmer opened the box.

1. Copy these sentences.

Remember to put in the capital letters and full stops.

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• one day a farmer was digging his field
• it was hot work
• suddenly his spade hit something hard
• the farmer dug faster
• he found a small wooden box
• the farmer opened the box

Nouns (1)

A noun is a naming word.

These five words are the names of things.

They are all nouns.

Unit 3

Practise

• I spread butter on my bread.
• Ice cream is very cold.
• I like to drink a glass of milk.
• Strawberries and cream are lovely.
• You can put cheese in a sandwich.

milk cheese butter cream ice cream

All these things come from cows.

Copy and complete these sentences using the nouns below.

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Making sure

1. Copy these sentences. There are two nouns in each sentence. Underline each noun.
1. Hens lay eggs.
2. Wool comes from sheep.
3. The horse ran out of the stable
4. The cat chased a mouse.
2. Now draw this chart in your book.

Write the names of five different animals in each column.

Dogs

Cats

Mice

Fish

Rabbits

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Cows

Chickens

Pigs

Sheep

Horses

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Lions

Tigers

Zebras

Monkeys

Elephants

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Practise your punctuation

2. Check that you have put the capital letter and full stop in each sentence.

1. Which verb goes with each noun?

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Cows

Cats

Mice

Horses

Dogs

Birds

Sheep

Donkey

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bray.

bleat.

sing.

squeak.

moo.

neigh.

mew.

bark.

verbs

nouns

Adjectives (1)

An adjective is a describing word.

Adjectives tells us more about nouns.

These three words are adjectives.

They tell us more about the nouns.

Unit 4

a white goose an enormous nest a golden egg

Download Adjectives book

Practise Copy these sentences. Underline the adjective in each sentence.

Making sure

2. Now make up some sentences of your own. Use these adjectives in them.

1. Copy these sentences about a clown. Put in the capital letters and full stops.

1. The bridge was wooden.
2. The river was wide.
3. The forest was dark.

loud wooden soft

wide sharp new

fat high dark

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sad funny soft muddy hungry

Practise your punctuation

2. When you have finished, underline all the adjectives you can find.

a) the funny clown had a red nose

b) he wore a yellow jacket and baggy trousers

c) the clown had long legs and big boots

d) his tall hat had a pink feather in it

1. Copy these sentences about a clown.

Add capital letters and full stops.

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The funny clown had a red nose.

He wore a yellow jacket and baggy trousers.

The clown had long legs and big boots.

His tall hat had a pink feather in it.

Questions

A question is a sentence that we use when we want to know something.

Whenever we write a sentence that is a question we must:

• put a capital letter at the beginning.
• put a question mark at the end.

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Unit 5

What is your name?

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Which planet are you from?

Practise

These questions and answers have got mixed up. Write them in your book. Match each question with its answer. The first one has been done for you.

1. What colour is grass?
2. Do you have a pet?
3. When is your birthday?
4. Where is my book?
5. Why are you so happy?

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It is in March.

It is my birthday.

I have a cat.

It is green.

You left it in the bedroom

Answers

Questions

Making sure

Write the question you think each of these people is asking. The first one has been done for you.

Where is the exit?

Why are your shoes so dirty?

Have you lost your Mummy or Daddy?

Practise your punctuation

Copy this rhyme. Put in capital letters, full stops and question marks where they are needed.

what is pink

i think a rose is pink

what is red

the hat on my head is red

what is green

grass is green with flowers in between

what is orange

a lemon is yellow but an orange is orange

What is pink?

I think a rose is pink.

What is red?

The hat on my head is red.

What is green?

Grass is green with flowers in between.

What is orange?

A lemon is yellow but an orange is orange.

a or an?

We use an in front of a word with a vowel:

There are five vowels:

a e i o u

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We use a in front of a word that begins with a consonant.

All letters that are not vowels are called consonants.

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Try changing the a and the an around.

a apple an banana

Do the words sounds right?

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Unit 6

an apple

a banana

Practise

Write a or an before each of these nouns.

____ egg.

An

____ cake.

A

____ pencil.

A

____ snake.

A

____ ant.

An

____ octopus.

An

Making sure

1. an exciting adventure
2. a hot day
3. an old man
4. a long time
5. a clever cat
6. an interesting room
7. a pretty pony
8. an amazing rocket

1. Write a or an in front of each of these adjectives. Think of a noun to go with each adjective. The first one has been done for you.

2. Write a or an in front of each of these adjectives. Think of a noun to go with each adjective. The first one has been done for you.

Practise your punctuation

Match the riddle with the answer.

Riddles

Where does a baby ape sleep?

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What has hands and a face but no legs?

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What gets wet as it dries?

Answer

A towel gets wet as it dries.

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A baby ape sleeps in an apricot.

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A clock has hands and a face but no legs.

Verbs (2)

Sometimes verbs can be made up of more than one word.

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Unit 7

What is Sam doing? Sam is singing.

Practise

shouting sleeping sitting playing singing

drinking eating writing painting dancing

hiding skipping jumping laughing reading

verbs

What are the children doing?

Write the correct verbs in your book.

Making sure

eating reading watching barking

drinking delivering looking

verbs

Copy these sentences. Choose one of the verbs in the box to complete each sentence.

1. Tom is watching television.
2. Sam is looking out of the window.
3. The baby is eating her dinner.
4. The postman is delivering letters.
5. The dog is barking at the postman.
6. Mrs Green is reading a newspaper.
7. The cat is drinking a bowl of milk.

Practise your punctuation

Put in capital letters, full stops and question marks.

These are not sentences. They do not make sense.

Every sentence must have a verb in it.

Think of some suitable verbs, and then write the sentences.

a) the footballer the ball

b) the baker some bread

c) a boy over the wall

d) a pilot an aeroplane

e) the girl her bike

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2. Check that you have used capital letters and full stops correctly.

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3. Underline the verb in each of your sentences.

a) The footballer kicked the ball.

b) The baker baked some bread.

c) A boy jumped over the wall.

d) A pilot flew an aeroplane.

e) The girl rode her bike.

Nouns (2)

Remember - a noun is a naming word.

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A noun is the name of a person, place or thing.

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Unit 8

Practise

1. Complete each sentences with the name of the place where the animal lives.

2. Now underline the two nouns in each sentence.

stable sty shell nest den burrow web hive

nouns

1. An ant lives in a nest.
2. A rabbit lives in a burrow.
3. A bee lives in a hive.
4. A horse lives in a stable.
5. A snail lives in a shell.
6. A spider lives in a web.
7. A lion lives in a den.
8. A pig lives in a sty.

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Making sure

Underline the odd one out. Explain your answer.

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1. horse sheep bus cow

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2. apple shoe boot trainer

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3. potato bicycle carrot cabbage

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4. guitar trumpet piano computer

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5. knife fork plate spoon

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6. teacher dentist doctor rabbit

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Bus is the odd one out. The others are all names of animals.

Apple is the odd one out. The others are all things you wear on your feet.

Bicycle is the odd one out. The others are all names of vegetables.

Computer is the odd one out. The others are all names of musical instruments.

Plate is the odd one out. The others are all names of cutlery.

Rabbit is the odd one out. The others are all names of jobs.

Practise your punctuation

Make up a question to go with each answer.

a) Question: What does a cow eat?

Answer: It eats grass.

b) Question: What colour is this buttercup?

Answer: It is yellow.

c) Question: What type of animal is a fly?

Answer: It is an insect.

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Check that you have remembered to put in the capital letters, full stops and question marks.

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Underline all the nouns in your questions and answers.

Adjectives (2)

Remember - an adjective is a describing word.

These adjectives describe the girl.

They tell us more about her.

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Excited

Caring

Scared

Sad

Happy

Angry

Unit 9

a happy girl

a frightened girl

a grumpy girl

Practise

1. the tall giant
2. shiny apples
3. an open door
4. a glass slipper
5. a long nose
6. fierce dragons
7. a rich king
8. an angry elf
9. a sharp needle

Copy these descriptions. Underline the adjective in each one.

Making sure

1. an amazing cat.
2. a brave cat.
3. a clever cat.
4. a dangerous cat.
5. an excellent cat

F. a fancy cat.

G. a good cat.

H. a hasty cat.

I. an incredible cat.

J. a jolly cat.

1. Patch was a big black cat.
2. He had soft fur and a long tail.
3. His eyes were bright and green.
4. His ears were pointed.
5. Patch had sharp claws on his paws.

1. Choose suitable adjectives from the box to complete this description of a cat.

2. Write the letters of the alphabet down the side of a page. Try and think of the adjectives to describe the Alphabet Cat.

bright sharp soft big long green black pointed

Practise your punctuation

1. Make a suitable ending for each sentence.

2. Check that your sentences make sense. Check that you have used capital letters and full stops correctly.

3. Underline any adjectives in your sentences.

1. The lovely princess...
2. The old lady…
3. One day, a white rabbit…

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saw a handsome prince.

carries a heavy bag of shopping.

dug out of his big hutch and hopped through the peaceful countryside.

Prepositions

A preposition is a word that tells us the position of one thing in relation to another.

The prepositions tells us where the lion and the mouse were.

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Unit 10

Practise

• The lion is standing by the tree.
• The mouse is on the chair.
• The helicopter is above the house.
• The squirrel jumped off the wall.
• The monkey climbed up the rope.
• The crocodile went into the river.

Copy these sentences. Underline the preposition in each.

Making sure

1. Think of a suitable preposition to complete each sentence.

2. Make up some sentences of your own. Use these prepositions in your sentences.

beside between below behind beneath

1. The mouse ran _____________ a hole.
2. The wind blew the man’s hat _______________ his head.
3. The silly boy ran _______________ the road without looking.
4. Youssef hid _______________ a tree.
5. The burglar climbed _______________ the fence.
6. The train sped _______________ the tunnel.

into

off

across

behind

over

through

Practise your punctuation

Arrange these words so that they make sentences.

1. wood through a walked fox a
2. up mouse a the clock ran
3. is money pocket the my in
4. wall ball Sam over the kicked the
5. the hidden some rock treasure is under

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A fox walked through a wood.

The mouse ran up the clock.

The money is in my pocket.

Sam kicked the ball over the wall.

The treasure is hidden under some rock.

1. Arrange these words so that they make a sentence.

2. Check that you have used capital letters and full stops.

3. Underline the preposition in each sentence.

Progress Test A

above in below

a) The aeroplane is _____ the hangar.

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b) The aeroplane is _____ the helicopter.

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c) The aeroplane is _____ the clouds.

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Choose a or an to fill each gap.

a) ___ ambulance b) ___ dinosaur c) ___ cake

d) ___ orange e) ___ red pen f) ___ duck

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1.

Write a sentence about each picture. Say where the aeroplane is. Use the prepositions in the box.

Draw a chart like this in your book. Write each of the nouns in the box in the correct column.

an

an

a

a

a

a

in

above

below

2.

3.

sock newspaper cake eggs pants book comic jumper bread magazine apple coat

4. Think of a suitable noun to go with each adjective.

1. a tall man
2. a heavy bag
3. a sharp needle
4. a red tomato
5. a wet towel
6. a dark cave
7. an ugly lady
8. a yellow boot
9. a sweet apple

5. Write a sentence about each picture.

Circle the nouns. Underline the verbs.

1. The crocodile is crawling.
2. The frog is hopping.
3. The eagle is flying.
4. The shark is swimming.
5. The koala is climbing.

6. Copy these sentences.

Write a suitable verb in each space.

Sam _____ off the television. She _____ her mum a kiss and _____ the dog. Then Sam _____ upstairs. She _____ off her clothes and _____ on her nightdress. She _____ her face and _____ her teeth. Sam _____ into bed and _____ a book. Soon she _____ asleep.

turned

gave

hugged

went

took

put

washed

brushed

went

read

was

Proper nouns (1)

A proper noun is the name of a particular person, place or thing.

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Notice that proper nouns always begin with capital letters.

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Unit 11

My name is Duncan.

I come from Denmark.

I go to Dragon School.

Practise

• emma
• ben
• mrs patel
• mr green
• snow white
• humpty dumpty

Emma

Ben

Mrs Patel

Mr Green

Snow White

Humpty Dumpty

Here are some names. They should all begin with capital letters. Write them correctly.

Making sure

Copy these sentences, filling the spaces with information about yourself.

1. My name is _______________.
2. The names of some other members of my family are _______________ _______________ and _______________.
3. I go to _______________ School.
4. My teacher’s name is _______________.

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2. Make up a name for each of these pets.

• dog
• dragon
• cat
• gorilla

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3. Write the names of:

1. Five of your friends
2. Five countries in Europe
3. Five of your favourite characters (from television or books)

Practise your punctuation

1. Copy these sentences, putting in capital letters, full stops and question marks.
2. Underline any proper nouns in the sentences you have written.

1. can you tell me the way in london
2. ben and emma come to dover
3. the capital of wales is cardiff
4. is edinburgh a big city in scotland
5. the toy shop was in king street
6. mount everest is a very high mountain

Can you tell me the way in London?

Ben and Emma come to Dover.

The capital of Wales is Cardiff.

Is Edinburgh a big city in Scotland?

The toy shop was in King Street.

Mount Everest is a very high mountain.

Proper Nouns (2)

The names of days, months and special times are proper nouns.

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Remember that proper nouns always begin with capital letters.

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Unit 12

Come to a Christmas party on Saturday, 18th December

Practise

Rewrite the lines of this poem in the correct order.

Begin the name of each day with a capital letter.

Monday’s child eats fish and chips.

Tuesday’s child spits apple pips.

Wednesday’s child eats beans on toast.

Thursday’s child eats the most.

Friday’s child is full of food.

Saturday’s child is very rude.

But a child who is born on a Sunday has sunshine for dinner every day.

tuesday’s child spits apple pips.

thursday’s child eats the most.

monday’s child eats fish and chips.

saturday’s child is very rude.

wednesday’s child eats beans on toast.

friday’s child is full of food.

but a child who is born on a sunday has sunshine for dinner every day.

Making sure

1. Here are the names of the months in alphabetical order. Write them in the correct order, starting with January. Begin each one with a capital letter.

april

august

december

february

january

july

june

march

may

november

october

september

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Thirty days hath September,

April, June and November.

All the rest have thirty-one

Except for February alone

And that has twenty-eight days clear

And twenty-nine in each leap year.

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1. Which months have thirty days?

April, June, September and November.

• Which months have thirty-one days?

January, March, May, July, August, October and December.

• Which is the shortest month?

February

2. Read this poem and then answer the questions.

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Practise your punctuation

Copy these sentences, putting in the capital letters and full stops.

1. christians celebrate christmas in december
2. jews celebrate hanukkah in december too
3. muslims celebrate eid in either february or march
4. hindus celebrate diwali in either october or november
5. sikhs celebrate baisakhi in april
6. buddhists celebrate wesak in may or june

Christians celebrate Christmas in December.

Jews celebrate Hanukkah in December too.

Muslims celebrate Eid in either February or March.

Hindus celebrate Diwali in either October or November.

Sikhs celebrate Baisakhi in April.

Buddhists celebrate Wesak in May or June.

Verbs Tense (past and present)

Sometimes verbs are written in the present tense.

They tell us what is happening now.

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Sometimes verbs are written in the past tense.

They tell us what is happening some time ago.

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Unit 13

The owl is flying through the wood.

Last night the owl flew through the wood.

Practise

1. Ben is washing his face.
2. Ben is reading a book.
3. Ben is watching television.
4. Ben is climbing a tree.
5. Ben is painting a picture.
6. Ben is kicking a ball.

Yesterday Ben washed his face.

Yesterday Ben read a book.

Yesterday Ben watched television.

Yesterday Ben climbed a tree.

Yesterday Ben painted a picture.

Yesterday Ben kicked a ball.

1. Copy these sentences. The verbs are all in the present tense. Underline each verb.
2. Now write each sentence again in the past tense. The first one has been done for you.

Making sure

Olly the owl sat on the branch of the tree. Slowly he looked all around. Suddenly he heard a noise. A mouse ran through the grass below. Olly flapped his wings and dived towards the mouse.

1. Copy this passage about owls. Fill each space with one of the verbs in the box. The verbs are all in the present tense.

Owls sleep during the day. At night they fly through the woods and hunt for food. Owls have sharp eyes. They eat small animals like mice.

• Now copy this passage. Fill each space with one of the verbs in the box. The verbs are all in the past tense.

hunt sleep eat fly have

looked dived sat flapped ran heard

Practise your punctuation

1. The words in these sentences have no spaces between them. Write these sentences, leaving spaces between the words.

• Now underline all the verbs which are in the present tense. Circle all the verbs which are in the past tense.

1. Theboyjumpedup.
2. YesterdaySamwalkedtoschool.
3. Iameatingmydinner.
4. Somechildrenareshouting.

The boy jumped up.

Yesterday Sam walked to school.

I am eating my dinner.

Some children are shouting.

Using Commas (in lists)

Unit 14

Punctuation marks help us to make sense of what we are reading.

. A full stop tells us to stop. We have come to the end of a sentence.

? A question mark tells us that a question is being asked.

, A comma tells us to pause. It is used to separate items in a list.

Here are the tigers, camels, zebras, giraffes and lions.

In a list we do not use a comma before the word and.

Practise

Copy these sentences. Put in the missing commas.

• At the zoo we saw penguins, emus, ostriches, lions and elephants.
• In my bag I have a book, a pencil, a ruler, an apple and some crisps.
• Ali had a cat, a dog, two goldfish, a budgie and a gerbil.
• Ruth has a round face, black hair, brown eyes, a small nose and freckles.

• At the zoo we saw penguins emus ostriches lions and elephants.
• In my bag I have a book a pencil a ruler an apple and some crisps.
• Ali had a cat a dog two goldfish a budgie and a gerbil.
• Ruth has a round face black hair brown eyes a small nose and freckles.

Making sure

1. Fill in the chart and then write a sentence with a list of things which belong to each person.

hammer, ball, comb, helmet, shorts, radio, ladder, computer, nails, scissors, mirror, shampoo, jersey, boots, spacesuit and a screwdriver

2. Complete these sentences.

List five items in each one.

1. For my birthday I would like…
2. Five sounds I can hear in the street are…
3. In the fridge at home we keep...

A footballer needs a ball, some shorts, a pair of boots and a jersey.

An astronaut needs a helmet, a radio, a computer and a spacesuit.

A builder needs a hammer, a helmet, a ladder some nails and a screwdriver.

A hairdresser needs a comb, some scissors, a mirror and some shampoo.

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Practise your punctuation

Jane likes hamburgers, pizza, spaghetti and curry.

Where did Jason get his hair cut?

On Tuesday, Lee stayed at home.

On holiday, Emma has visited France, Italy, Spain, Greece and Holland.

Did you see any zebras at the zoo?

1. jane likes hamburgers pizza spaghetti and curry
2. where did jason get his hair cut
3. on tuesday lee stayed at home
4. on holiday emma has visited france italy spain greece and holland
5. did you see any zebras at the zoo

Punctuate these sentences correctly. Put in the capital letters, full stops, question marks and commas.

Singular and Plural

Unit 15

We can write nouns in the singular or the plural.

Singular means just one.

Plural means more than one.

singular noun

plural noun

one rabbit

lots of rabbits

We just add s to the end of many singular nouns to change them into plural nouns.

Practise

Copy and complete this table.

Making sure

1. Some plurals are trickier. We have to add es to singular nouns that end in ch, sh, ss or x. Draw a chart like this in your book. Write each of the singular nouns in the box in the correct column.

fox match wish dash six kiss bunch miss brush dress box catch

2. Now write the plural of each word.

one fox but lots of foxes

one match but lots of matches

one wish but lots of wishes

one dash but lots of dashes

one six but lots of sixes

one kiss but lots of kisses

one bunch but lots of bunches

one miss but lots of misses

one brush but lots of brushes

one box but lots of boxes

one catch but lots of catches

matches

catches

bunches

wishes

dashes

brushes

kisses

misses

dresses

foxes

sixes

boxes

Practise your punctuation

a) on the coach there were fifteen girls and twenty boys

b) mrs green had two trees and five bushes in her garden

c) tom likes apples oranges pears and peaches

d) have you seen my pencil and my ruler

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On the coach, there were fifteen girls and twenty boys.

Mrs Green had two trees and five bushes in her garden.

Tom likes apples, oranges, pears and peaches.

Have you seen my pencil and my ruler?

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1. Punctuate these sentences correctly. Put in the capital letters, full stops, question marks and commas.

2. Now underline all the singular nouns and circle all the plural nouns.

Opposites (adjectives)

Unit 16

Opposites are words whose meanings are as different as possible from each other.

a good dog

a bad dog

These words are adjectives.

They are opposite in meaning.

Practise

Copy these lists of adjectives. Join up the opposites in each list.

fat

long

happy

narrow

wet

soft

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sad

hard

thin

dry

short

wide

heavy

far

big

weak

noisy

fast

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strong

slow

near

light

small

quiet

1.

2.

Making sure

Use the adjectives from the ‘opposites wheel’ below to finish the sentences.

1. A mouse is small

but an elephant is big.

• A rock is hard

but cotton wool is soft.

• Ice is cold

but the sun is hot.

• A lemon is sour

but sugar is sweet.

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sweet

sour

cold

soft

hard

big

hot

small

Practise your punctuation

2. Now underline the adjective in each sentence.

Write the sentence again. Replace each adjective with a word opposite in meaning.

1. dan drew a straight line
2. do you like sweet things
3. ruth’s skirt was dirty
4. is my dinner hot
5. the sea was calm
6. are zebras wild animals

Dan drew a straight line.

Do you like sweet things?

Ruth’s skirt was dirty.

Is my dinner hot?

The sea was calm.

Are zebras wild animals?

Dan drew a wobbly line.

Do you like sour things?

Ruth’s skirt was clean.

Is my dinner cold?

The sea was stormy.

Are zebras tame animals?

1. Punctuate these sentences correctly. Put in the capital letters, full stops and question marks.

Conjunctions

Unit 17

A conjunction is a joining word. We use a conjunction to join two sentences together to make one long sentence. Conjunctions are sometimes called connectives.

The two sentences have been have been joined with and. This is a conjunction.

My Gran wrote to me. + She told me about her new house.

My Gran wrote to me and told me about her new house.

Practise

1. I went to the shop. I bought a comic.

2. Tom put on his coat. He went out to play.

3. The dog ran after the cat. It barked loudly.

4. Megan has curly hair. She has brown eyes.

5. Ali picked up the kettle. He filled it with water.

​

Write these pairs of sentences again.

Join each pair of sentences with the conjunction and.

I went to the shop and bought a comic.

Tom put on his coat and went out to play.

The dog ran after the cat and barked loudly.

Megan has curly hair and brown eyes.

Ali picked up the kettle and filled it with water.

Making sure

1. The red door is shut. The green door is open.
2. The lorry was slow. The racing car was fast.
3. Sara’s jeans were cheap. Shireen’s jeans were expensive.
4. Mr Naik’s bag was heavy. Mrs Naik’s bag was light.
5. Dean is good at maths. Dean is not good at spelling.

The red door is shut but the green door is open.

The lorry was slow but the racing car was fast.

Sara’s jeans were cheap but Shireen’s jeans were expensive.

Mr Naik’s bag was heavy but Mrs Naik’s bag was light.

Dean is good at maths but is not good at spelling.

Write these pair of sentences again.

Join each pair of sentences with the conjunction but.

Sometimes we join sentences with but.

​

Gran is old.

Leanne is young.

​

Gran is old but Leanne is young.

​

We use but because old is the opposite of young.

Practise your punctuation

Punctuate and finish the sentence.

Now underline the conjunction in each sentence.

1. kate loves pizza but…

​

• nadeem got out of bed and…

​

• my dog saw a cat in the garden and…

• frogs hop but…

​

• shireen decided to walk to the shop but…

​

• the postman walked up the path and…

Kate loves pizza but hates pasta.

Nadeem got out of bed and washed her face.

My dog saw a cat in the garden and chased it.

Frogs hop but horses gallop.

Shireen decided to walk to the shop but the shop was closed.

The postman walked up the path and put the letters into the letterbox.

Verbs (the verb to be)

Unit 18

The verb to be is the most common verb in the English language.

We can use it on its own.

We can use it as part of another verb.

We use is or was when we are talking about one thing or person.

We use are or were when we are talking about more than one thing or person.

This dog is a Yorkshire Terrier.

The dogs are eating.

The dog was asleep.

The dogs were barking.

Singular

Plural

Practise

1. The cat (is/are) asleep.

2. The apples (is/are) red.

3. The children (is/are) going to school.

4. The horses (was/were) galloping.

5. The dog (was/were) very small.

​

Choose the correct form of the verb to be to complete each sentence.

The cat is asleep.

The apples are red.

The children are going to school.

The horses were galloping.

The dog was very small.

​

Making sure

1. The (cake/cakes) is very small.

2. Some (apple/apples) were red.

3. The (spade/spades) was broken.

4. Baby (dog/dogs) are called puppies.

5. The (boy/boys) was reading a comic.

6. The (girl/girls) were listening to the teacher.

7. The (doctor/doctors) is sitting in her office.

8. The (kitten/kittens) are playing with the wool.

​

​

The cake is very small.

Some apples were red.

The spade was broken.

Baby dogs are called puppies.

The boy was reading a comic.

The girls were listening to the teacher.

The doctor is sitting in her office.

The kittens are playing with the wool.

​

​

Choose the correct form of the noun to complete each sentence.

Practise your punctuation

• katie and harry was paddling in the water

​

• two children was climbing on the roof of the shed

​

• the rain are pouring down

• the men is getting very wet

​

• mrs jones were waving to her friend

​

• the thief are getting away

Correct the verb in each sentence.

Put in the missing capital letters and full stops.

​

Katie and Harry were paddling in the water.

​

Two children were climbing on the roof of the shed.

​

The rain is pouring down.

The men are getting very wet.

​

Mrs Jones was waving to her friend.

​

The thief is getting away.

Parts of Speech

Unit 19

Grammar is the study of the way in which we use words to make sentences. Words may be divided into groups called parts of speech (or word classes). Three important parts of speech are:

nouns, adjectives, and verbs.

Nouns are things.

Adjectives describe nouns.

Verbs are doing words.

Learning objectives:

• To be able to identify a noun, adjective, and verb.
• To be able to construct sentences putting the different parts of speech in the appropriate place.

Making sure

a) The red car sped up the hill.

b) Tom felt frightened.

c) Kim wore a large hat.

d) The bike had a flat tyre.

​

1. Copy the sentences. Circle the nouns. Underline the verbs. Cross out the adjectives.

2. Make up four silly sentences. Choose a word from each column for each sentence.

Steaming elephants marry wobbly fish.

Red sharks chase frightened teachers.

Tall children eat exploding oranges.

Heavy astronauts ride frozen teeth.

Practise your punctuation

a) Some sizzling sausages ...

b) The old door ...

c) … in the crowded room.

d) The purple monsters ...

e) … through in the dark forest.

1. Think of a silly ending or beginning for each sentence. Remember to punctuate your sentences correctly.

2. Circle the nouns, underline the verbs and cross out the adjectives in your sentences

​

Grammar and Punctuation

Unit 20

Grammar is the study of the way in which we make sentences. It looks at how words work together. It is to do with the rules of language.

Punctuation helps us to make sense of what we read.

Punctuation marks make writing easier for us to understand. They help us to read an expression.

If we put in spaces and punctuation marks the writing is much easier to read.

slugsslidethroughthelonggrasstheyaresoftandslimy

Slugs slide through the long grass. They are soft and slimy.

Practise

Here are some facts about a hedgehog.

Write six sentences about a hedgehog.

• covered with prickly spines
• comes out at night
• makes nest of leaves and grass

• grows up to 25cm long
• sleeps during winter
• curls into ball when attacked

Hedgehogs are covered with prickly spines.

A hedgehog comes out at night.

Hedgehogs make nests of leaves and grass.

A hedgehog grows up to 25 cm long.

A hedgehog sleeps during winter.

A Hedgehog curls into a ball when attacked.

Remember to use capital letters and full stops.

Making sure

Some aliens wanted a new home.

The aliens built a huge rocket.

They got ready for a long journey.

The rocket blasted off into space.

It landed with a crash when something went wrong.

a) wanted some home aliens new a

b) aliens built rocket the a huge

c) ready got they long for a journey

d) space off the blasted rocket into

e) landed it crash when wrong went something a with

​

1. Arrange these words so that they make sentences. Punctuate these sentences correctly. Underline the verbs.

Making sure

• This alien does not speak in sentences.

Put his words into sentences, adding any words and punctuation marks.

come... long… way… rocket

engine... not… work

why... you… frightened

where... live…

take... home… meet… family

We have come a long way in my rocket.

The engine does not work.

Why are you frightened?

Where do you live?

Can you take me home to meet your family?

Practise your punctuation

Copy this description of the alien.

Punctuate it correctly.

​

The alien had a big, round head. It had a square head. Its three green eyes flashed on and off. Its teeth were sharp and pointed. The alien spoke in a deep voice with a booming sound. It bounced along on a huge spring which had a large hairy foot at the end of it.

the alien had a big round head it had a square head its three green eyes flashed on and off its teeth were sharp and pointed the alien spoke in a deep voice with a booming sound it bounced along on a huge spring which had a large hairy foot at the end of it

Progress Test B

2. Fill each space with a suitable adjective.

a) Ice is _____.

b) A wheel is _____.

c) A needle is _____.

d) The lions is _____.

e) A giant is _____.

f) The teacher was _____.

​

1. Answer each riddle with a suitable noun.

a) I live on a farm. I give milk. What am I? A cow.

b) I am made of wood. I have a handle. What am I? A door.

c) I am made of glass. You look in me to see yourself. What I am? A mirror.

cold

round

sharp

wild

big

nice

3. Copy these sentences. Choose is or are to complete each one.

a) Puppies ___ cute.

b) Baby cows ___ called calves.

c) Some children ___ shouting.

d) The chicken ___ clucking.

​

4. Now complete each of these sentences with was or were.

a) The bus ___ late.

b) The boys ____ scared.

c) Some cows ____ mooing.

d) The cat ___ sitting by the fire.

​

are

is

was

were

was

were

are

are

Copy and complete this chart:

5.

6. Write the opposites of these nouns.

a) day

b) boy

c) summer

d) question

e) friend

​

7. Write the opposites of these verbs.

a) close

b) run

c) stop

d) float

e) whisper

​

8. Write the opposites of these adjectives.

a) high

b) cold

c) hard

d) rough

e) near

​

9. Join each pair of sentences with a conjunction (and or but).

a) I ate a sandwich and then I drank a cup of tea.

b) Tom is right but Dan is wrong.

c) Amy lost but Yasmin won.

d) Mrs Sarah opened the door and she walked in the room.

6. Write the opposites of these nouns.

a) day - night

b) boy - girl

c) summer - winter

d) question - answer

e) friend - enemy

​

7. Write the opposites of these verbs.

a) close - open

b) run - walk

c) stop - go

d) float - sink

e) whisper - shout

​

8. Write the opposites of these adjectives.

a) high - low

b) cold - hot

c) hard - soft

d) rough - smooth

e) near - far

​

10.

Copy these sentences. Underline the verbs.

a) Emma is playing hopscotch.

b) The clouds are grey.

c) The children are shopping.

d) Every window is broken.

e) I am painting a picture.

f) We are eating some crisps.

11.

Now write each sentence in the past tense.

a) Emma is playing hopscotch.

b) The clouds are grey.

c) The children are shopping.

d) Every window is broken.

e) I am painting a picture.

f) We are eating some crisps.

a) Emma was playing hopscotch.

b) The clouds were grey.

c) The children were shopping.

d) Every window was broken.

e) I was painting a picture.

f) We were eating some crisps.

12.

Rewrite these sentences correctly. Begin each proper noun with a capital letter.

a) Next Tuesday it will be Tom’s birthday.

b) Christmas is always in December.

c) Does the river Thames flow through London?

d) France, Italy, Spain and Austria are all countries in Europe.

a) Next tuesday it will be tom’s birthday.

b) christmas is always in december.

c) Does the river thames flow through london?

d) france, italy, spain and austria are all countries in europe.

13.

Match these beginnings and endings of sentences write each sentence correctly.

Online quizes