Safe & Informed

Student-Athlete Training

Kevin Hudson, Student Life Educator

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Heather Hogan, Deputy Title IX Coordinator

Harm Reduction

How and when do student athletes drink?

Traditions & Celebrations

• Initiation
• Home team wins
• Home team losses
• Breaks with the organization
• Recruitment
• Birthdays
• Graduation�

Why do I need to know this?

• Student-athletes have a greater risk for abusing alcohol and experience more frequent negative consequences

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• Student-athletes with the heaviest drinking patterns are over 6 times more likely to experience alcohol-related injuries, which may be season- or career-ending.

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• Heavy drinking can reduce athletic performance by over 11%

Bruce, Susan. “Best Practices to Address Student-Athlete Alcohol Abuse.” NCAA Gordie Center for Substance Abuse Prevention. https://www.ncaa.org/sports/2014/10/10/best-practices-to-address-student-athlete-alcohol-abuse.aspx

Harm Reduction Strategies

5.

Hydrate

Make sure to drink water

Drinking Before the Game

• Compromised motor skills
• Decreased coordination
• Delayed reactions
• Diminished judgment
• Impaired balance
• Increased risk of injury ~72 hours
• Best to refrain for at least 3 days prior to the game

Siekaniec, C. “The Effects of Alcohol on Athletic Performance.” NSCA, June, 2017. Retrieved from https://www.nsca.com/education/articles/nsca-coach/the-effects-of-alcohol-on-athletic-performance2/

Drinking After The Game

• Dehydration
• Less-than optimal nutrition
• Inhibited muscle growth and repair
• Prolonged recovery period
• Inadequate recovery period
• Lack of desired muscular adaptations

Siekaniec, C. “The Effects of Alcohol on Athletic Performance.” NSCA, June, 2017. Retrieved from https://www.nsca.com/education/articles/nsca-coach/the-effects-of-alcohol-on-athletic-performance2/

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Things to know about alcohol….

Standard

Drink

Size

What feeling are people trying to achieve when drinking?

Blood Alcohol Level (BAL)

Sometimes referred to as Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)

“What is Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)?” Valden Health Services. Stanford. https://vaden.stanford.edu/super/learn/alcohol-drug-info/reduce-your-risk/what-blood-alcohol-concentration-bac.

Alcohol’s Other Effects

Sleep

Weather

Hangover

•Initially seems to help

•Alcohol prohibits REM cycle of sleep

•No restoration from daily activities

•Once the body processes the alcohol, it wakes you up, which could be multiple times that night

•Alcohol causes blood vessels to swell

•This creates a false sensation of warmth, taking heat away from internal organs

•Alcohol reduces the ability to shiver

•Hypothermia could then occur, leading to death

•Alcohol causes kidneys to release more fluids, which dehydrates and flushes nutrients

•Disrupted Sleep

•Gastrointestinal Irritation

•Inflammation in every sector of the body

•Mini-withdrawal

•Mental Confusion

•Unresponsive

•Gaps in Memory

(Black Out)

•Irregular Breathing

•Clammy, Pale/Blue skin

•Uncontrolled Vomiting

•Seizures

Alcohol Overdose

(Blackouts)

What does it look like?

“Understanding the Dangers of Alcohol Overdose.” National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Retrieved from https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/brochures-and-fact-sheets/understanding-dangers-of-alcohol-overdose

Medical Amnesty/Good Samaritan

Emergency Response (911)

UMPD (207)581-4040

umaine.edu/police/campus-eyes

Black Bear Safe App

What To Do:

Wake, Turn,

Call, Stay

“Understanding the Dangers of Alcohol Overdose.” National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Retrieved from https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/brochures-and-fact-sheets/understanding-dangers-of-alcohol-overdose

Cannabis Overview

>NOT legal on a federally-funded campus, even if you have a medical card<

• If you choose to partake, it must be stored off-campus

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• RAs check your room for cannabis & paraphernalia

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• If found,UMPD will be called and a police report created

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• Mandatory disciplinary action by the conduct office

Overdose

Heightened Anxiety

Panic

Paranoia

High Blood Pressure

Increased Heart Rate

Nausea/Vomiting

Psychotic Symptoms

(Delusion, Hallucination)

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Cannabis Addiction

Exhibition of similar symptoms to ADHD

Sleep Abnormalities

Heightened levels of stress and anxiety

Directly correlates to depression and suicide

Lower GPA and test scores

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Withdrawal

Irritability

Increased nervousness/anxiety

Sleep Difficulty/Restlessness

Decreased Appetite

Depressed mood

Physical Discomfort (headache, nausea)

High Percentage THC has been clinically tied to:

Benedikt Fischer, Tessa Robinson, Chris Bullen, Valerie Curran, Didier Jutras-Aswad, Maria Elena Medina-Mora, Rosalie Liccardo Pacula, Jürgen Rehm, Robin Room, Wim van den Brink, Wayne Hall,“Lower-Risk Cannabis Use Guidelines (LRCUG) for reducing health harms from non-medical cannabis use: A comprehensive evidence and recommendations update.” International Journal of Drug Policy, 99. January 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103381.; Angarita, G.A., Emadi, N., Hodges, S., & Morgan, P.T. (2016). Sleep abnormalities associated with alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, and opiate use: A comprehensive review. Addiction Science & Clinical Practice, 11: 9.

Be careful with substance use. Research before making decisions.

1. Notice the Incident�
2. Interpret Incident�
3. Assume Responsibility �
4. Know How to Help

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5. Take Action�

Bystander Intervention

“Bystander Intervention.” Rockefeller University. Accessed November 27, 2022. https://www.rockefeller.edu/education-and-training/bystander-intervention/

Title IX

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Sensitive subject matter….

Title IX

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“No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex be excluded from the participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving federal aid.”�

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Title IX - Student Services

• Stalking
• Sexual Assault
• Sexual Harassment
• Dating Violence
• Domestic Violence

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What we cover….

What we provide….

• Reporting Options
• Accommodations
• Support (for both parties)
• Resources
• Prevention Education

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• We also support pregnant and parenting students

Definitions

• Sexual Harassment
• unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature, including sexual assault and sexual violence. Sexual harassment, including sexual assault, can involve persons of the same or opposite sex. Consistent with the law, this policy prohibits two types of sexual harassment:
• Quid Pro Quo
• Hostile Environment

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• Sexual Assault
• an offense that meets the definition of rape, fondling, incest, or statutory rape

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Definitions

• Dating Violence
• violence committed against a person by an individual who is or has been in a social relationship of a romantic or intimate nature with that person

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• Domestic Violence
• a felony or misdemeanor crime of violence committed by:
• a current or former spouse or intimate partner; or
• a person with whom the victim shares a child in common; or
• a person who is cohabitating with, or has cohabitated with, the victim as a spouse or intimate partner; or
• a person similarly situated to a spouse of the victim under the domestic or family violence laws of the jurisdiction in which the crime of violence occurred, or;
• any other person against an adult or youth victim who is protected from that person’s acts under the domestic or family violence laws of the jurisdiction in which the crime of violence occurred.

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Definitions

• Stalking
• engaging in a course of conduct directed at a specific person that would cause a reasonable person to:
• fear for the person’s safety or the safety of others; or
• suffer substantial emotional distress

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Incidents of Sexual Assault

University of Maine

• Many occur within initial weeks of school
• Res Life most common referral source
• 9/10 involve alcohol use
• Most complainants are female
• Most respondents are male
• 1 in 5�

Consent

• Clear, unambiguous voluntary agreement to participate in sexual activity
• It is an active – not passive – expression
• Power between parties must be equal
• Can’t consent when asleep, unconscious, mentally incapacitated due to drugs, alcohol, or other conditions
• Must be present in a long standing relationship�

Consent

• Must be able to say “no”
• Consent to some activities does not imply “yes” to other activities
• Consent can be taken away at any time during the sexual encounter�

Title IX - Reporting

• “Responsible Employees” must take immediate and appropriate steps to
• Stop the harassment
• Remedy the effects
• Prevent a recurrence

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Who are the responsible employees?

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Title IX - Reporting

How can you report a concern you have about a student?

• umaine.edu/titleix/
• Call (207) 581-1485
• Stop into Memorial Union 235
• Email heather.hogan@maine.edu

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….but then what happens next?

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Title IX Reporting

Hi, my name is Heather….

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• Resources
• Options
• Support

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Black Bear Safe

Black Bear Safe

Black Bear Safe

Apple App Store

Google Play Store

Resources

Private

On Campus

• Title IX Student Services�207-581-1406

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• UMaine Police Dept.�911/ 207-581-4040

Confidential

On Campus

• Cutler Health Center, 207-581-4000
• Counseling Center, 207-581-1392
• Confidential Resource Advisor, jennifer.i.england@maine.edu

Off Campus

• Rape Response, 1-800-310-0000
• Partners for Peace, 1-800-863-9909�

Title IX Student Services

Questions?

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Hazing

Any activity expected of someone joining or participating in a group that humiliates, degrades, abuses, or endangers them regardless of a person’s willingness to participate

Let’s breakdown the definition…

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1. Expected activity of joining or maintaining membership in a group

2. Humiliating, degrading, or abusive in nature

3. Regardless of a person’s willingness to participate

Reporting Hazing and Issues of Bias

• UMaine Police Department 207-581-4040 (Emergency 911)

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Hazing Prevention Team:

• Lauri Sidelko, Assistant Dean of Student Life sidelko@maine.edu
• Heather Hogan, Deputy Title IX Coordinator heather.hogan@maine.edu
• Kevin Hudson, Student Life Educator kevin.hudson1@maine.edu
• Tim Campbell, Student Health Educator timothy.r.campbell@maine.edu
• Colleen Frazier, Coordinator for Student Organizations colleen.frazier@maine.edu
• Anonymous Reporting: http://umaine.edu/police/campus-eyes/

Resources:

• Clery Center Video: “We don’t haze” https://clerycenter.org/initiatives/hazing-project/
• Stophazing: https://www.stophazing.org
• Hazing Prevention Consortium: https://www.stophazing.org/hazing-prevention-consortium/

Questions?

Heather Hogan

207-581-1485

heather.hogan@maine.edu

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Kevin Hudson

207-581-3633

kevin.hudson1@maine.edu

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