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Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration step by step notes

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Photosynthesis

Light reaction: Happens in the Thylakoid

Chlorophyll absorbs the light, (reflects green light)

Light Splits water into Hydrogen, Oxygen, and electrons

Oxygen gets released, Hydrogen and electrons go to the Stroma to be used in the Calvin Cycle

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Photosynthesis

ATP Synthase: Happens in the Thylakoid Membrane

Hydrogen goes from High to Low concentration through the enzyme

As it does this ADP is converted into ATP

2 molecules of ATP are created.

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Photosynthesis

Calvin Cycle: Happens in the stroma

CO2 enters the cycle and bonds to RuBP with the help of the enzyme rubisco

RuBP is broken down into Glucose

Remaining molecules are rebuilt back into RuBP

*as RuBP is broken down and rebuilt, ATP is used

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Cellular Respiration

Glycolysis: Happens in the Cytoplasm of the Cell. Oldest process

Glucose is broken down into 2 molecules of Pyruvates

2 ATP are used to break glucose, 4 ATP are produced, so our net gain of ATP is 2

Pyruvate is sent to the mitochondria

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Cellular Respiration

Kreb’s Cycle: Happens in the Matrix

Oxygen brings Pyruvate into the matrix through the membranes

Oxaloacetate accepts, with the help of the enzyme Acetyl CoA, the Pyruvates, then is broken down into CO2, and is rebuilt

*throughout the process, 2 ATP are produced, electrons and Hydrogens are released as well

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Cellular Respiration

Oxidative Phosphorylation aka Electron Transport Chain: Happens in the Inner Membrane

Electrons are dropped off into the ETC from the Kreb’s Cycle by NADH and FADH2

Hydrogen from the Kreb’s Cycle goes through ATP Synthase and converts ADP into ATP

At the end of the process, Oxygen accepts electrons and hydrogens and become H20

32-34 molecules of ATP are made