1 of 41

Copyright © 2025 Change Research, a Public Benefit Corporation

Tune In or Tune Out?

February 2025

Understanding Media Consumption Habits

Questions? Post in the Q+A section below!

2 of 41

Yes, this webinar will be recorded

Questions? Post in the Q+A section below!

3 of 41

Kimelle Ash

Growth & Marketing Manager

Mike Greenfield

Co-Founder & CEO

Jessica Mason

Analyst

Meet the Team

Questions? Post in the Q+A section below!

4 of 41

Fast. Accurate. Affordable.

About Change Research

All of our surveys are completed online. We do not rely on panels of semi-professional survey takers. We recruit new participants for every poll using targeted online advertisements on websites and social media platforms, and using SMS text-to-web.

In addition to custom polling, we offer:

  • Spark candidate viability & election tracking (pre-written questions for cost-effective polling)
  • Magnify AI targeting (custom modeling)
  • Voices qualitative research (in-depth interviews and text-based chats)

Change Research was founded in 2017 to democratize access to public opinion research and make the world more humane, scientific, and just. Embold Research launched in 2021 to help leaders understand what people want and need. We are a team of pollsters, engineers, and data scientists providing companies and organizations with near-constant access to public opinion.

Who We Are

Our Unique Approach

Our Products

5 of 41

FAST

2x

as fast as legacy pollsters

25%

more accurate than

next-closest pollster in 2020

ACCURATE

AFFORDABLE

1/2

the price of legacy competitors

CHANGE RESEARCH HAS CHANGED THE GAME

6 of 41

Our wealth of data makes new products possible

300,000,000

DATA POINTS

7 of 41

1.

2.

3.

4.

How do people engage?

Who do people trust?

Who are the active, passive, and avoidant consumers?

An Embold Case Study: How does information reach people?

AGENDA

Questions? Post in the Q+A section below!

8 of 41

EMBOLD CASE STUDY

Questions? Post in the Q+A section below!

9 of 41

PROJECT METHODOLOGY

Survey of n=2,110 adults nationwide, with an oversample of parents and educators fielded via dynamic online sampling from August 20-29, 2024. The modeled margin of error +/- 2.6%.

PHASE 2

PHASE 1

Survey of n=1,698 adults in Chicago, IL, with an oversample of parents and educators fielded via dynamic online sampling from October 14-23, 2024. The modeled margin of error +/- 2.7%.

10 of 41

Media market matters - what may be true for consumers nationwide may not be true on a local scale.

11 of 41

11

Majorities of Chicagoans are satisfied with most types of information they are able to get…

12 of 41

… But satisfaction with available information wanes when confronted with more concrete situations.

13 of 41

When looking specifically at education, there is a disconnect between the issues Chicagoans find most important and the issues with the best available information.

14 of 41

Getting information on education often means a self-directed, network driven search – but there are some avenues where we can fill the gap.

42% among

parents

15 of 41

Key Insights and Application

Going deeper:

  • This research revealed that we can’t always take consumers at face value.
  • In the abstract, Chicago residents say they’re satisfied with the information they are able to get.
  • But when pushed on specific examples, they say they have a hard time staying informed - especially when it comes to the topics that matter most to them.

Meeting people where it matters:

  • Chicago residents are turning to in-person networks to fill the information gaps, making spreading information a challenge.
  • But our research shows opportunities where Civic News can successfully disseminate information through non-traditional media sources.

16 of 41

METHODOLOGY

Survey n=1,759 voters nationwide from January 21-28, 2025.

Respondents were recruited via dynamic online sampling to obtain a sample reflective of the population.

Post-stratification performed on age, gender, race/ethnicity, region, education, and 2024 presidential vote.

The modeled margin of error is +/-2.5 percentage points

Questions? Post in the Q+A section below!

17 of 41

1.

2.

3.

4.

How do people engage?

Who do people trust?

Who are the active, passive, and avoidant consumers?

An Embold Case Study: How does information reach people?

AGENDA

Questions? Post in the Q+A section below!

18 of 41

  1. For many voters, keeping up with current events is a chore.

  • Even among those who follow the news closely, most voters are avoiding the news at least “sometimes.”

  • Avoiding the news isn’t just about what’s being covered, but how – navigating a sea of bias, sensationalism, and misinformation exhausts and annoys significant portions of voters.

Questions? Post in the Q+A section below!

19 of 41

Regardless of how engaged voters are, keeping up with political news is considered a chore.

20 of 41

While many consider themselves active consumers, a majority also say they actively avoid news content.

21 of 41

So, why are voters avoiding news?

Mental exhaustion

Frustration with bias, sensationalism, and polarization in the media

General distrust in mainstream media

“Depressing and biased. I l[i]ve a happier life when I care for my community rather than get overwhelmed with everything going on in the world.- White man, 18-34, Independent, South, habitually passive and habitually avoidant

It is very biased. After watching a news cast you know exactly what political affliation [sic] the station is. That should not be happening they should be unbiased.” - White woman, 65+, Republican, Midwest, habitually active and temporarily avoidant

“I avoid them because they are usually inaccurate or dont [sic] report all the facts” - Black woman, 35-49, Democrat, South, habitually active and temporarily avoidant

22 of 41

Reasons for avoiding the news align with voters’ top pet peeves in media.

23 of 41

1.

2.

3.

4.

How do people engage?

Who do people trust?

Who are the active, passive, and avoidant consumers?

An Embold Case Study: How does information reach people?

AGENDA

Questions? Post in the Q+A section below!

24 of 41

  1. Voters feel like media outlets fail to keep them informed and are focused on bias and bottom lines, but still seek to get informed.

  • Despite near universal distrust of mainstream media, voters are divided on how they view their own sources.

  • As a result, there is a wide spectrum when it comes to validating information, but many tend to rely on the same source channels.

Questions? Post in the Q+A section below!

25 of 41

Voters are much more concerned about bias in other people’s news. Not so much about their own.

26 of 41

Voters across demographic groups value information. They think media values sensationalism.

27 of 41

Despite blanket distrust of what the news media values, voters are divided on their perceptions of their own sources.

28 of 41

Many voters complain that news media overwhelmingly puts opinion and political biases over facts

There is also outsized criticism of the role the wealthiest actors play in determining what and how news is reported

“Most news now is really just propaganda instead of unbiased reporting.” - Hispanic woman, 35-49, Democrat, West, habitually active non-avoidant

“It is heavily swayed to whatever makes that entity more money and/or gets them more views. It's not about the truth, just numbers.” - White man, 18-34, Democrat, South, habitually active and temporarily avoidant

29 of 41

How do voters know if the information they’re getting is true?

Using multiple sources or fact-checking

Relying on “common sense” or “my experience”

Believing that all media information is false

“I immediately go to Google to find if other sources are saying the same thing. I'll typically try to find at least 3 other reputable sources before saying it as fact.” - White woman, 18-34, Democrat, Northeast, habitually active non-avoidant

“First I use common sense. If it doesn't make sense, it's probably not true. If I care enough about a story then I research about it.” - Hispanic woman, 50-64, Democrat, Midwest, habitually active and temporarily avoidant

It's all fake. It's just a show!” - White man 50-64, Republican, Northeast, habitually passive and habitually avoidant

30 of 41

There are clear partisan and generational silos of information, but social media is a common thread.

31 of 41

Whether they are just learning about a story or diving deeper, voters stick to the same information channels.

32 of 41

Whether they are just learning about a story or diving deeper, voters stick to the same information channels.

33 of 41

1.

2.

3.

4.

How do people engage?

Who do people trust?

Who are the active, passive, and avoidant consumers?

An Embold Case Study: How does information reach people?

AGENDA

Questions? Post in the Q+A section below!

34 of 41

Four categories of news consumption behaviors:

Active

Passive

Non-avoidant

Avoidant

Habitually active, temporarily avoidant

Habitually active, non-avoidant

Habitually passive, non-avoidant

Habitually passive, habitually avoidant

35 of 41

Active/Non-avoidant

Active/Avoidant

Passive/Non-avoidant

Passive/Avoidant

Key Demographic Features

Much more likely to identify as Republican (54%)

Slightly more likely to be college educated (41%)

More likely to be college educated (45%)

The highest proportion of 18-34 voters (31%)

Predominantly women (61%)

Slightly more likely to be non-college educated (69%)

Top Info Sources

Local TV news (49%), social media (41%), FOX News (41%)

Local TV news (42%), social media (39%), network TV news (39%)

Social media (45%), local TV news (36%), YouTube (30%)

Social media (40%), local TV news (32%), YouTube (25%)

Ease of accessing information

75% easy, 24% difficult

57% easy, 42% difficult

60% easy, 38% difficult

46% easy, 50% difficult

Top Reporting Pet Peeve

Inaccurate or misleading reporting (73%)

Inaccurate or misleading reporting (69%)

Biased or unfair reporting (67%)

Biased or unfair reporting (61%)

Avoidance Style

Rarely if ever avoids the news, breaks are short and often related to a certain subject

Temporary and strategic mental health breaks or subject avoidance

Constant and strong feelings of overwhelm and powerlessness, leading to tuning out

Blanket distrust of news media, the main driver is defiance, not depression

What sets these groups apart?

36 of 41

Regardless of their level of engagement, voters share similar critiques of news media.

Active

Passive

Non-avoidant

Avoidant

“Always an angle. Never given all the story. Only the angle that whatever the source wants to promote. Sensation [sells]. Facts don't.– Black woman, 50-64

It is full of lies. You cannot trust anything reporters say anymore.” – Hispanic man, 50-64

It is based off of shock value and the current trends rather than giving us pertinent news on the world we live in and both the good and bad things that are happening in it” – Asian American man, 18-34

“If it is Fox Entertainment News it's false. If it is from CNN it's fake. If it comes from any RED source it is fake and also a lie.” – White woman, 65+

37 of 41

Whether it’s for news or entertainment, voters are chronically online…

38 of 41

…But report seeing different things.

39 of 41

What We Learned

Questions? Post in the Q+A section below!

40 of 41

What we thought

What we found

  • Voters are in information bubbles, they trust their sources and consider bias to be a problem that affects people on the other side politically
  • Voters across the political spectrum have acute concerns about bias and sensationalism in their own news sources, and struggle to identify what is true and who to trust
  • Most voters are disengaged and tuning out for good. Avoiding the news is a sign that voters are disconnecting with what’s going on in the world.
  • Social media is only used by Millennials and Gen Z. Traditional Media is still the path forward to reach the most people
  • Not all avoidance habits are created equal. Most voters who avoid the news still desire to stay informed and get the facts.
  • Though age plays a factor, social media plays a dominant role in how people get information - both passively and actively. Voters’ frustration with mainstream media is leading to a migration to non-traditional information channels

41 of 41

Thank you!

We’d love to learn more about your work.

Questions? Post in the Q+A section below!