Greetings Good People!

We’ll start class as soon as today’s walk-up song ends

WEEK 11 (10/23-10/27): THE CREATION OF THE U.S.A.

BIG QUESTIONS

1. Why and how were the U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights created?
2. What specific rights are supposed to be guaranteed/protected by the Constitution and Bill of Rights and why are these rights so important?

The Creation of the U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights

The Creation of the U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights

WHAT ARE HUMAN RIGHTS?

Every person is entitled to certain fundamental rights, simply by the fact of being human. These are called “human rights” rather than a privilege (which can be taken away at someone’s whim). They are “rights” because they are things you are allowed to be, to do, or to have. These rights are there for your protection against people who might want to harm or hurt you. They are also there to help us get along with each other and live in peace.Many people know something about their rights. Generally, they know they have the right to food and a safe place to stay. They know they have a right to be paid for the work they do. But there are many other rights. When human rights are not well known by people, abuses such as discrimination, intolerance, injustice, oppression, and slavery can arise. Born out of the atrocities and enormous loss of life during World War II, the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights was signed in 1948 to provide a common understanding of what everyone’s rights are. It forms the basis for a world built on freedom, justice, and peace.

1. Define human rights:
2. How effective is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in stopping human rights abuses around the world? Why?
3. What needs to happen for it to be more than just words on paper?

WHAT ARE HUMAN RIGHTS?

UNITED NATIONS: UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS

Which 3 Human Rights are most important to you? Circle them. be ready to explain your choices

How Well Do You Know Your Constitutionally Protected Rights?

How Well Do You Know Your Constitutionally Protected Rights?

1. The ________ amendment, ratified on August 18^th, 1920, guarantees women the right to vote.

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19th

How Well Do You Know Your Constitutionally Protected Rights?

2) The ________ amendment contains the Establishment Clause, which advocates for a clear separation between church and state for the purpose of establishing a secular U.S. government.

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1st

How Well Do You Know Your Constitutionally Protected Rights?

3) Section 1, Clause 1 of the _____ Amendment states: All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.

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14th

How Well Do You Know Your Constitutionally Protected Rights?

4) The ________ amendment requires that all citizens accused of a crime have the right to legal representation as well as a speedy, public trial.

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6th

How Well Do You Know Your Constitutionally Protected Rights?

5) The ________ amendment made slavery illegal in the United States (*except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted).

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13th

How Well Do You Know Your Constitutionally Protected Rights?

6) The ________ amendment guarantees citizens the right to freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of religion, and freedom to protest/peaceably assemble.

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1st

How Well Do You Know Your Constitutionally Protected Rights?

7) The right to all the procedures for fair treatment mentioned in the Bill of Rights including: the right to a fair and public trial, the right to be present at the trial, the right to an impartial jury, the right to be heard in one's own defense, protection from being forced to testify against oneself in court by the federal government, and the right to legal counsel is referred to in the Constitution as

_________________________ (***HINT*** it is not an amendment).

DUE PROCESS

How Well Do You Know Your Constitutionally Protected Rights?

8) The __________ amendment protects citizens’ right to privacy by prohibiting the government and law enforcement from being able to enter or search your home, car, or any other personal area a without first establishing probable cause or obtaining a warrant from a judge that states exactly what government authorities are looking for.

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4th

How Well Do You Know Your Constitutionally Protected Rights?

9) The ________ amendment prohibits the U.S. government from infringing/denying citizens the right to form a regulated Militia or the right to keep and bear Arms.

2nd

How Well Do You Know Your Constitutionally Protected Rights?

10) The ________ amendment protects citizens from being tortured or subjected to other forms of cruel and unusual punishment by the government.

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8th

How Well Do You Know Your Constitutionally Protected Rights?

11) The ________ amendment protects citizens from having their private property taken by the government for public use unless the government is able to provide just cause and compensation to the owner(s) of said property.

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5th

How Well Do You Know Your Constitutionally Protected Rights?

12) The _______ amendment protects citizens from having their homes invaded by soldiers or other military officials.

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3rd

How Well Do You Know Your Constitutionally Protected Rights?

13) The _______ amendment, ratified on February 3rd, 1870, made it illegal for the U.S. federal government or any State government to pass and/or uphold laws that denied male citizens of the United States the right to vote on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

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15th

How Well Do You Know Your Constitutionally Protected Rights?

14) Listed in Article I, Section 9, Clause 2 in the constitution, the right to ____________________ protects citizens from being arrested and held in prison without first being charged with a specific crime and brought before a judge or a court (*except in cases of rebellion or invasion).

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Habeas Corpus

How Well Do You Know Your Constitutionally Protected Rights?

Complete Real World Civil Rights Scenarios #s 15-20 using Bill of Rights on the last page of your unit guide + any additional resources you need

How Well Do You Know Your Constitutionally Protected Rights?

REAL WORLD Constitutional Rights SCENARIOS

15) Surveilling, detaining, deporting, or forcing citizens to be placed on a register for tracking purposes for no other reason than their religious affiliation is a violation of the ______________ amendment which guarantees and protects the rights of citizens to ...

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1st

freely practice their religion without threat or persecution by the government.

REAL WORLD Constitutional Rights SCENARIOS

16) A police officer pulls you over and asks to search you and your vehicle without making it clear what they want to search for or why. Use your knowledge of the Bill of Rights to complete the following statement in a way that would allow you to refuse the officer’s search request in a respectful, appropriate, and legal way.

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“The __________ amendment guarantees and protects my right to respectfully decline your request to search me or my vehicle unless you have …

4th

probable cause OR a warrant.

REAL WORLD Constitutional Rights SCENARIOS

17) The USA PATRIOT Act gives the government the power to legally surveil citizens’ private email records, phone conversations, web browsing history, credit card purchases, and even books checked out from public libraries without having to ask for permission, provide just cause, or obtain a warrant. The power given to the government by the USA PATRIOT Act violates the ______________ amendment because…

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4th

it allows the government to legally conduct “unreasonable searches and seizures” of citizens’ private information and property.

REAL WORLD Constitutional Rights SCENARIOS

18) The Standing Rock Sioux tribe and thousands of supporters are protesting against the the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, who were awarded permits by the federal government to build an oil pipeline through the Sioux’s land. The Standing Rock Sioux have established that building the pipeline poses a serious threat to culturally and historically significant sites as well as its drinking water supply. The Sioux have filed a lawsuit claiming eminent domain and lawful rights to the land. As citizens of the United States, the Standing Rock Sioux and their land SHOULD be protected by the _____________ amendment, which states it is illegal for the government to…

5th

take private property for public use without providing just cause AND compensation (Eminent Domain).

REAL WORLD Constitutional Rights SCENARIOS

19) The ___________ amendment protects a citizen’s right affiliate themselves with a hate group like the KKK and publicly express or promote bigoted/prejudiced/hateful ideas and beliefs AS LONG AS...

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1st

the beliefs/expressions do not directly threaten the safety or rights of others.

REAL WORLD Civil Rights SCENARIOS

20)The Religious Freedom Restoration Act, and any law that supports or endorses the beliefs of any specific religion, is a violation of the ________________________________________ amendment, which prohibits the government from...

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Establishment Clause in the 1st

instituting any law that:

• is based on the beliefs of a specific religion
• favors, endorses, or discriminates against specific religious groups

The Articles of Confederation and other Problems in Post-Revolutionary War Society

Why A Strong Federal Government in A Democratic Republic like the U.S. is Important

Sometimes People need protections from Oppressive State Governments...and Themselves...

1. It is illegal to wear a fake mustache that causes laughter in church. (Alabama)
2. A rooster must step back 300 feet from any residence if he wishes to crow. (IL)
3. It is illegal to have sexual relations with a porcupine. (FL)
4. Bear wrestling matches are prohibited. (AL)
5. One may not pee in his neighbor’s mouth. (Champaign, IL)
6. It is against the law to take a lion to the movies. (Maryland)    
7. In Chicago, A law forbids eating in a place that is on fire. (IL)
8. A person must own at least 2 cows before he/she is permitted to wear cowboy boots in public.(Blythe, CA)
9. It is illegal to throw a ball at someone's head for fun. (NY)
10. It is illegal for a woman to drive a car up Main Street unless her husband walks in front of the car waving a red flag(VI)
11. A man is allowed to beat his wife, but only once a month. (AZ)
12. It is legal to beat your wife so long as it is done in public on Sunday on the courthouse steps. (Huntington, WV) STILL ON THE BOOKS!!!!

Why A Strong Federal Government in A Democratic Republic like the U.S. is Important

Sometimes People need protections from Oppressive State Governments...and Themselves...

CRAZY US LAWS WEBSITES AND ARTICLES

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BONUS ASSIGNMENT: Email Mr. Kosiba the state law you think is the most outrageous by MONDAY and earn 1 bonus point!

March 1st, 1781 - the Continental Congress ratifies the Articles of Confederation, the set of laws that established the 1st government of the U.S.

The Articles created so many serious problems, they were completely scrapped and replaced by our current Constitution less than 10 years after being ratified

The Articles of Confederation and other Problems in Post-Revolutionary War Society

Captain Daniel Shays and the Regulators

Complete Experimenting with Confederation Graphic Organizer and questions in your unit guide

main goal = figure out why the Articles of Confederation failed and how this failure impacted the creation of our current constitution

Complete Experimenting with Confederation Graphic Organizer and questions

main goal = figure out why the Articles of Confederation failed and how this failure impacted the creation of our current constitution

Complete Experimenting with Confederation Graphic Organizer and questions

main goal = figure out why the Articles of Confederation failed and how this failure impacted the creation of our current constitution

Complete Experimenting with Confederation Graphic Organizer and questions in your unit guide

main goal = figure out why the Articles of Confederation failed and how this failure impacted the creation of our current constitution

Shays' Rebellion: America’s 1st Civil War

January 25th, 1787

Daniel Shays and the Regulators

Experimenting with Confederation Comprehension Check

1. What type of government did the American colonists create following the Revolutionary War? What idea does this style of rule claim government should be based on? (Q1)
2. How did the 1-vote per state policy lead to unequal political representation? (Q3)
3. Why was it so hard to make changes to the government or amend the Articles? (Weakness)
4. Why did the Articles make it hard for the U.S. to deal with foreign relations issues and protect itself from invasions by foreign powers? (Weakness)

Shays' Rebellion Reading Assignment

Use the Shays’ Rebellion reading to complete Shays’ Rebellion Big Questions in unit guides

Shays' Rebellion: America’s 1st Civil War

1. Who was Daniel Shays?
• Born a poor farmer in western Mass.
• Captain in American army during Revolution. Fought in some of the bloodiest battles (Saratoga, Ticonderoga, Lexington, Bunker Hill).
• Honored by Lafayette with special sword!

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Shays' Rebellion: America’s 1st Civil War

2. What widespread issues/problems are Shays & his followers rebelling against?

• Many state governments in economic crisis because of large war debts
• Many Revolutionary War veterans and farmers in financial trouble
• Veterans not paid for their military service by the gov.
• Many take out loans to buy farms but can’t pay wealthy creditors back
• Many lose their land, political voice, and freedom when debt collectors + courts take their property and put them in debtors prison for non-payment.

Shays' Rebellion: America’s 1st Civil War

Shays and the Regulators

Some characteristics that the people on this side shared in common were…

• Poor, farmers, war veterans

This side is angry & fighting because ….

• Wealthy creditors + the courts were taking away their land, political voice, livelihood, and freedom (debtors prison!)
• States taxing the poor instead of the wealthy to try and pay off state war debts
• Felt the tyranny being committed by the new U.S. government was similar to the tyranny they went to war with Britain for!

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Wealthy Politicians and Creditors

Some characteristics that the people on this side shared in common were…

• Wealthy, in positions of power, guilty of exploiting the poor for their own personal gain

This side is angry & fighting because….

• Shays and the Regulators threaten their wealth and power

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VS

Shays' Rebellion: America’s 1st Civil War

4) Why did Shays and his followers escalate the conflict and attempt to take over the federal armory in Springfield, Massachusetts?

• The government didn’t respond to their attempts at peaceful, legal reform (petitions, protests, etc.)
• As a result, Shays and his Regulators saw armed revolution as the only remaining option.

Shays' Rebellion: America’s 1st Civil War

January 25th, 1787

Daniel Shays and the Regulators

Why did Shays and his followers believe revolution was necessary?

Shays’ Rebellion

5) How did Shays’ Rebellion influence the creation of the U.S. Constitution & Bill of Rights?

• Revealed the Articles of Confederation were too broken to fix
• Caused Continental Congress to call a Constitutional Convention and create new Constitution
• Caused Antifederalists to demand the new Constitution include amendments that legally protected specific human rights against the tyranny and government oppression that caused the rebellion (AKA the Bill of Rights!)

***May 25th - September 17th, 1787***

Delegates hold a Constitutional Convention at Independence Hall to create a new system of Government

• Within the first 5 days of the convention, delegates gave up on the idea of reforming the Articles of Confederation and decided to form an entirely new system of government.
• This new revolutionary system of government would be based on a political philosophy called Federalism.
• Supporters of Federalism (AKA Federalists) believe a division of powers between national, state, and local governments, as well as an intricate system of checks and balances, will protect citizens from the abuses of a strong central government.

***May 25th - September 17th, 1787***

Delegates hold a Constitutional Convention at Independence Hall to create a new system of Government

After months of debate, delegates remained divided over the issue of state representation in Congress.

• Delegates from states with larger populations favored James Madison’s Virginia Plan, which proposed that a state’s representation be based on the size of its population
• smaller states favored the New Jersey Plan, which called for giving each state equal representation regardless of population size.

It took 2 major Compromises to Resolve the issue of state representation and persuade enough delegates to ratify the new Constitution: The Great Compromise and the Three-Fifths Compromise

***May 25th - September 17th, 1787***

Delegates hold a Constitutional Convention at Independence Hall to create a new system of Government

It took 2 major Compromises to Resolve the issue of state representation and persuade enough delegates to ratify the new Constitution: The Great Compromise and the Three-Fifths Compromise

Complete graphic organizers and questions for the following readings in your unit guide:

1) Drafting the Constitution 2) The Great Compromise 3) The Three-Fifths Compromise

(p. 11 & 12) (p. 15) (p. 16)

Federalism and the Foundations of the U.S. Constitution

The Great Compromise (July, 1787)

• Created a legislature (Congress) with 2 houses: a House of Representatives and Senate
• Declared states would have equal representation in the Senate (2 senators) and representation based on the population in the House of Representatives.

The Three-Fifths Compromise (September, 1787)

Delegates to the Constitutional Convention of 1787 hotly debated the issue of slavery. George Mason of Virginia argued against slavery, warning his fellow delegates:

"Every master of slaves is born a petty tyrant.  They bring the judgment of heaven on a country.  As nations cannot be rewarded or punished in the next world, they must be in this.  By an inevitable chain of causes and effects, providence punishes national sins by national calamities.”

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Southern delegates, on the other hand, argued strenuously that the new government should not be allowed to interfere with the institution of slavery. 

Delegate John Rutledge of South Carolina, for example, told delegates that “religion and humanity have nothing to do with the questions" of whether the Constitution should protect slavery--it was simply a question of property rights.

The Three-Fifths Compromise

The Three-Fifths Compromise was proposed by James Wilson and Roger Sherman and included several provisions that explicitly recognized and protected slavery in the new U.S. Constitution. 

Without these provisions, southern delegates would not support the new Constitution--and without the southern states on board, the Constitution had no chance of being ratified. 

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The Three-Fifths Compromise

Provisions allowed all black enslaved persons of a particular state were to be counted as three-fifths of a white person when determining the number of Representatives states would be awarded in the House and how much tax money each state would be allocated.

The Three-Fifths Compromise expressly denied to Congress the power to prohibit importation of new slaves until 1808, and prevented free states from enacting laws protecting fugitive slaves.

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The Three-Fifths Compromise

The implementation of the Three-Fifths Compromise greatly increased the representation and political power of slave-owning states.

Without the Three-Fifths Compromise, Southern states would have accounted for 33 of the seats in the House of Representatives.

Because of the Three-Fifths Compromise, the Southern states accounted for 47 seats in the House of Representatives of the first United States Congress of 1790.

The Three-Fifths Compromise

The Three-Fifths Compromise was approved in September of 1787. The Constitution would be ratified days later.

It would legally protect slavery and white supremacy in the U.S. until it was nullified the 13th Amendment in 1865.

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The Three-Fifths Compromise

Complete graphic organizers and questions for the following readings in your unit guide:

1) Drafting the Constitution 2) The Great Compromise 3) The Three-Fifths Compromise

(p. 11 & 12) (p. 15) (p. 16)

***ASSIGNMENT DUE TODAY***

Complete the following readings in your unit guide:

1) Drafting the Constitution 2) The Great Compromise 3) The Three-Fifths Compromise

(p. 11 & 12) (p. 15) (p. 16)

the Electoral CollegE, EXPLAINED

REVIEW TIME!

Drafting the Constitution (p. 11 & 12) - QUESTION #3

3. For what reasons did the delegates at the Constitutional Convention create a system of checks and balances within the federal government?

REVIEW CONTINUED!

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS FOR The Great Compromise (p. 15) + The Three-Fifths Compromise (p. 16)

The Great Compromise (July, 1787)

• Created a legislature (Congress) with 2 houses: a House of Representatives and Senate
• Declared states would have equal representation in the Senate (2 senators) and representation based on the population in the House of Representatives.

1) Why does the House of Representatives “reflect the will of the majority of the people” more than the Senate?

Three-Fifths Compromise Comprehension Questions

1) How did the Three-Fifths compromise increase the political power of Southern white supremacists in the U.S. government?

2) What were 2 other ways the Three-Fifths Compromise legally protected the institution of slavery in the U.S.?

3) When was the Three-Fifths Compromise removed from the U.S. Constitution?

REVIEW TIME!

Drafting the Constitution (p.12)

• What system was created by delegates at the Convention who wanted to “CHECK” or limit the power of the AMerican public because they feared placing too much power in the hands of the people?

What is the electoral college and why was it created?

Take a look at this Presidential Election map. Which candidate looks like they’re winning the election (Red or blue)?

What is the electoral college and why was it created?

1. What is the Electoral College?
2. True or false? The Electoral College ensures the Presidential candidate that the majority of the population votes for wins the election.
3. How is the number of electoral votes that each state gets determined?
4. How many electoral votes does a Presidential candidate need to win the Presidency?
5. True or false? Because of the Electoral College, a Presidential candidate that wins the popular vote in Illinois by 2 votes receives the same number of electoral votes (20) as a Presidential candidate that wins the popular vote in Illinois by over 1 million votes.
6. Why was the Electoral College created and who benefits from it?
7. What are 2 significant problems/inequities associated with using the Electoral College to pick the President of our Democracy instead of a popular vote?

1) What is the Electoral College?

• A group of delegates selected to represent the states of the U.S., who formally cast votes for the election of president and the vice president.

2) True or false? The Electoral College ensures that the Presidential candidate who receives the most votes always wins the Presidency.

2) True or false? The Electoral College ensures that the Presidential candidate who receives the most votes always wins the Presidency.

2) True or false? The Electoral College ensures that the Presidential candidate who receives the most votes always wins the Presidency.

3)How is the number of electoral votes awarded to each state determined?

• A state’s number of reps in the House + its 2 senators = its number of electoral votes

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4) How many electoral votes does a Presidential candidate need to win the Presidency?

• 270!

the Electoral College makes it possible for a candidate who only wins the popular vote in 12 states to win the Presidency!!!

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5) True or false? Because of the Electoral College, a Presidential candidate that wins the popular vote in Illinois by 2 votes receives the same number of electoral votes (20) as a Presidential candidate that wins the popular vote in Illinois by over 1 million votes.

6) Why was the Electoral College created and Who does it benefit?

6) Why was the Electoral College created and Who does it benefit? (3:58-6:29)

At the Constitutional Convention in 1787, Pennsylvanian James Wilson proposed direct national election of the president determined by a popular vote.

Virginian James Madison argued for the use of an Electoral College system for presidential elections rather than a national direct election

• Southern slave states feared North would dominate direct national elections because the North’s eligible voting population (white, landowning men) was much larger

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6) Why was the Electoral College created and Who does it benefit?

To increase the economic and political power of white supremacist slave owners and slave states i by legally protecting the institution of slavery in the U.S. Constitution

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Delegates agreed to allow Southern states to count every Black enslaved person as ⅗ of a white person when determining the number of representatives, electors, and tax money southern states would be awarded by Congress.

Known as the Three-Fifths Compromise, this agreement greatly increased the representation and political power of slave states. It would legally protect slavery and white supremacy in the U.S. until nullified by the 13th Amendment in 1865.

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6) Why was the Electoral College created and Who does it benefit?

To increase the economic and political power of white supremacist slave owners and slave states i by legally protecting the institution of slavery in the U.S. Constitution

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Virginia = the biggest benefactor of the new pro-slavery electoral system. VA was awarded 21 out of a total of 91 electoral votes (roughly ¼ of the votes 46 needed to win an election during this time)

6) Why was the Electoral College created and Who does it benefit?

To increase the economic and political power of white supremacist slave owners and slave states i by legally protecting the institution of slavery in the U.S. Constitution

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6) Why was the Electoral College created and Who does it benefit?

To increase the economic and political power of white supremacist slave owners and slave states i by legally protecting the institution of slavery in the U.S. Constitution

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6) Why was the Electoral College created and Who does it benefit?

To increase the economic and political power of white supremacist slave owners and slave states i by legally protecting the institution of slavery in the U.S. Constitution

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• 6 of the first 10 Presidents were Virginians
• As a result of the ⅗ Compromise and the Electoral College, a white slaveholding Virginian occupied the presidency for 32 of the first 36 years under the new U.S. Constitution.

6) Why was the Electoral College created and Who does it benefit?

To increase the economic and political power of white supremacist slave owners and slave states i by legally protecting the institution of slavery in the U.S. Constitution

• George Washington (1789-97) Virginia
• John Adams (1797-1801) Massachusetts
• Thomas Jefferson (1801-09) Virginia
• James Madison (1809-17) Virginia
• James Monroe (1817-25) Virginia

• John Quincy Adams (1825-29) Massachusetts
• Andrew Jackson (1829-37) South Carolina
• Martin Van Buren (1837-41) New York
• William Henry Harrison (1841) Virginia
• John Tyler (1841-45) Virginia

7) What are 2 significant problems/inequities associated with using the Electoral College to pick the President of our Democracy instead of a popular vote?

Connecting the past to the present:

How the ⅗ Compromise relates to the current Black Lives Matter Movement

What is Black Lives Matter Really About?

DUE TOMORROW AT THE BEGINNING OF CLASS

Please Complete the questions and graphic organizers for the following readings in your unit guide:

1) Ratifying the Constitution 2) THE BILL OF RIGHTS AND OTHER AMENDMENTS 3) KNOW YOUR RIGHTS - COMPREHENSION CHECK

(p. 17 & 18) (p. 19 & 20) (p. 21)

DUE TODAY: Complete the questions and graphic organizers for the following readings in your unit guide:

1) Ratifying the Constitution 2) THE BILL OF RIGHTS AND OTHER AMENDMENTS 3) KNOW YOUR RIGHTS - COMPREHENSION CHECK

(p. 17 & 18) (p. 19 & 20) (p. 21)

Bill of Rights Review!!!

• The Bill of Rights and Other Amendments (p. 19 & 20)

1. Name 2 ways the Bill of Rights protects citizens accused of crimes.

Bill of Rights Review!!!

• Know Your Rights Comprehension Check (p.21)

• Which amendment guarantees us freedom from having our privacy and homes invaded by the military
• Which amendment guarantees us freedom from being searched or arrested by the police unless they provide a warrant or have probable cause?
• Which amendment guarantees us freedom from cruel and unusual punishment by the government?
• Which amendment guarantees the right to a public trial by an impartial jury of peers/fellow citizens?
• Which amendment does the government surveillance of citizens’ private email records, phone conversations, & credit card purchases without their permission allowed by the PATRIOT Act violate?

Greetings Good People!

We’ll start class as soon as today’s walk-up song ends

WEEK 13 (11/06-11/11): THE CREATION OF THE U.S.A.

The Constitution and Bill of RIghts Quest Breakdown

Part 1 - Important Events Chronology (5 questions/events)

Part 2 - 7 Multiple Choice and True/False questions on:

• Shays’ Rebellion,
• the Great Compromise
• the Three-Fifths Compromise

Part 3 - 14 fill in the blank questions on Amendments

Part 4 - 6 short answer questions dealing with Real world civil rights scenarios

32 questions total (1 point each)

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Creating the U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights Chronology:

Purpose = to understand the cause and effect relationships between the following important historical events well enough to put them in chronological order without having to resort to rote memorization

IMPORTANT EVENT DESCRIPTIONS:

• The Constitutional Convention convenes at Independence Hall to create a new Constitution
• Delegates at the Constitutional Convention agree to include The 3/5 Compromise in Article 1, Section 2 of the new U.S. Constitution
• The Articles of Confederation are ratified and become the first U.S. constitution
• Participants in Shays Rebellion attempt to overthrow the federal government in Massachusetts
• States ratify the addition of 10 amendments to the new U.S. Constitution, known as the Bill of Rights

LIST THE IMPORTANT EVENTS IN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER:

The event that happened 1st =

2nd =

3rd =

4th =

5th/Last =

Creating the U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights Chronology:

Purpose = to understand the cause and effect relationships between the following important historical events well enough to put them in chronological order without having to resort to rote memorization

LIST OF IMPORTANT EVENTS IN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER:

1st = The Articles of Confederation are ratified and become 1st U.S. constitution (March 1st, 1781)

2nd = Participants in Shays Rebellion attempt to overthrow the federal government in Massachusetts (January 25th, 1787)

3rd = The Constitutional Convention convenes at Independence Hall to create a new Constitution (May 25th - September 17th, 1787)

4th = Delegates at the Constitutional Convention agree to include The 3/5 Compromise in Article 1, Section 2 of the new U.S. Constitution (September, 1787)

5th/Last = States ratify the addition of 10 amendments to the new U.S. Constitution, known as the Bill of Rights (December 15, 1791)

Creating the U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights Chronology:

Purpose = to understand the cause and effect relationships between the following important historical events well enough to put them in chronological order without having to resort to rote memorization

Order of Important Events

1st = The Articles of Confederation ratified

2nd = Participants in Shays Rebellion try unsuccessfully to overthrow the federal government in MA

3rd = The Constitutional Convention convenes at Independence Hall to create a new Constitution

4th = The 3/5 Compromise is approved by delegates at Constitutional Convention

5th (Last) = The U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights are ratified

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EXAMPLES OF EXCELLENT WORK

EXTRAS

Creating the U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights Chronology:

Purpose = to understand the cause and effect relationships between the following important historical events well enough to put them in chronological order without having to resort to rote memorization

IMPORTANT EVENTS:

1. The Articles of Confederation are ratified and become the first U.S. constitution (March 1st, 1781)
2. Participants in Shays Rebellion attempt to overthrow the federal government in Massachusetts (January 25th, 1787)
3. The Constitutional Convention convenes at Independence Hall to create a new Constitution (May 25th - September 17th, 1787)
4. Delegates at the Constitutional Convention agree to include The 3/5 Compromise in Article 1, Section 2 of the new U.S. Constitution (September, 1787)
5. States ratify the addition of 10 amendments to the new U.S. Constitution, known as the Bill of Rights (December 15, 1791)

Creating the U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights Chronology:

Purpose = to understand the cause and effect relationships between the following important historical events well enough to put them in chronological order without having to resort to rote memorization

IMPORTANT EVENTS:

• The Articles of Confederation are ratified and become the first U.S. constitution
• Participants in Shays Rebellion attempt to overthrow the federal government in Massachusetts
• The Constitutional Convention convenes at Independence Hall to create a new Constitution
• Delegates at the Constitutional Convention agree to include The 3/5 Compromise in Article 1, Section 2 of the new U.S. Constitution
• States ratify the addition of 10 amendments to the new U.S. Constitution, known as the Bill of Rights

Creating the U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights Chronology:

Purpose = to understand the cause and effect relationships between the following important historical events well enough to put them in chronological order without having to resort to rote memorization

Chronological Order of Important Events

• 1st (March 1st, 1781): The Articles of Confederation are ratified & become the 1st U.S. constitution
• 2nd (January 25th, 1787): Participants in Shays Rebellion attempt to overthrow the federal government in Massachusetts
• 3rd (May 25th - September 17th, 1787): The Constitutional Convention convenes at Independence Hall in Philadelphia to create a new U.S. Constitution
• 4th (September, 1787): delegates at Constitutional Convention approve The 3/5 Compromise, stipulating that for the purposes of representation and taxation, enslaved individuals would be counted as three-fifths of a person in Article 1, Section 2 of the U.S. Constitution.
• 5th (December 15, 1791): States ratify the addition of 10 amendments to the new U.S. Constitution, known as the Bill of Rights.

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DIRECTIONS: Create a graphic novel that illustrates how and why our Constitution and Bill of Rights was created using specific examples and historical evidence from your notes and other class materials.

• Your graphic novel will consist of 4 sections or scenes. The titles and the Key Ideas/Terms provided at the top of each scene tell you what to focus on and what information you need to include.
• Each scene of your graphic novel must incorporate a combination of illustrations, quote bubbles, and written descriptions that explain WHAT the Key Ideas/Terms listed at the top of each scene mean, WHY they are historically important, and, HOW they are related to the creation of the U.S Constitution and Bill of Rights.

How and Why was the U.S. Constitution Created?

Graphic Novel Assessment

Why a graphic novel?

• The ability to transform many pieces of information from many different sources into a comprehensive and cohesive story requires much higher levels of critical and creative thinking than a multiple-choice/matching exam or even a writing assessment.
• Transforming information into a story using a combination of visual metaphors and argumentative writing successfully demonstrates a very deep understanding of the content.
• Critical and creative thinking skills are extremely important, but they are rarely emphasized or practiced in traditional academic assessments. Graphic novel assessments allow you to practice and improve valuable creative and critical thinking skills.
• Creativity requires time, thought, and effort, but it is something that EVERYONE is capable of. Creativity is different from artistic ability. You will not be graded on artistic ability.

How and Why was the U.S. Constitution Created?

Graphic Novel Assessment

SCENE 1: WHAT WAS WRONG WITH THE ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION? (10 POINTS)

Key Ideas/Terms: Articles of Confederation, 1-vote per state policy, Amending the Articles, financial & foreign-relations problems caused by a weak federal government

SCENE 2: THE CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF SHAYS’ REBELLION (10 POINTS)

Key Ideas/Terms: Daniel Shays, Debtor’s Prison, creditors, the Regulators, Samuel Adams, Riot Act, Constitutional Convention

SCENE 3: THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION (10 POINTS)

Key Ideas/Terms: Great Compromise, 3/5 Compromise, Checks and Balances, Electoral College

SCENE 4: THE BILL OF RIGHTS & OTHER CONSTITUTIONALLY PROTECTED FREEDOMS (10 POINTS)

Key Ideas/Terms: 1st Amendment Freedoms, Due Process, Habeas Corpus, Naturalization, Suffrage

Key Ideas/Terms:

• Articles of Confederation
• 1-vote per state policy
• Amending the Articles
• financial & foreign-relations problems caused by a weak federal government

SCENE 1: WHAT WAS WRONG WITH THE ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION?

LOL. Sucks to suck New York

340,120

Darn you Delaware! I have way more people than you but we have the same amount of power in the GOV!

Key Ideas/Terms:

• Articles of Confederation
• 1-vote per state policy
• Amending the Articles
• financial & foreign-relations problems caused by a weak federal government

SCENE 1: WHAT WAS WRONG WITH THE ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION?

LOL. Sucks to suck New York

340,120

Darn you Delaware! I have way more people than you but we have the same amount of power in the GOV!

1) REMEMBER THAT THE PRIMARY GOAL IS TO ANSWER THE QUESTION BEING POSED

• Simply defining or drawing a visual for Key Terms & Ideas is not enough. You must illustrate how & why they relate to the question you’re trying to answer.

2) USE A VARIETY OF QUOTE BUBBLES, NARRATION, VISUALS, & WRITTEN DESCRIPTIONS THAT INCLUDE SPECIFIC NAMES, DATES, LOCATIONS, DEFINITIONS, & EVENTS TO TELL A STORY… JUST LIKE REAL GRAPHIC NOVELS DO!

3) USE YOUR UNIT GUIDE!

• The unit guide is specifically designed to provide all the info you need to successfully complete each scene.
• You should use the internet if you need help figuring out how to present information/ideas. But trying to figure out how the key terms/ideas answer the question by randomly Googling them will make this assignment way more difficult and time-consuming than it has to be.

4) USE YOUR CLASS TIME AND RESOURCES WISELY!

• This assignment requires a great deal of time, effort, and critical thinking.
• Every year, the students who get the lowest grades are the ones who choose not to work efficiently, ask questions, ask for help, or ask for feedback during the class time given.

How and Why was the U.S. Constitution Created? Graphic Novel Assessment Tips

CLICK HERE to view examples of excellent graphic novels

KEEPING-IT-REAL

LIFE SKILLS

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THE SKILLS AND INFO YOU NEED TO BE SUCCESSFUL IN REAL LIFE.

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K.I.R.L.S. MAKE YOU STRONG!!!

K.I.R.L.S.

ONLY WORRY ABOUT WHAT YOU CAN CONTROL...

Things you CANNOT control:

• what has already happened
• what other people say and do
• certain unavoidable/inescapable situations
• accidents and unforeseeable tragedies

Important things you CAN control:

• what you say and how you say it
• what you do (actions) and how you do it (effort)
• how you view and react to things that happen, including the things that you cannot control!

The ability to focus on what you CAN control and understand what you CANNOT is essential for a successful, healthy, and happy life!

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KEEPING-IT-REAL

LIFE SKILLS

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THE SKILLS AND INFO YOU NEED TO BE SUCCESSFUL IN REAL LIFE.

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K.I.R.L.S. MAKE YOU STRONG!!!

K.I.R.L.S. What justice for all requires...

• Positive social change only happens when people from EVERY group in a society are united in the fight for equal rights and fair treatment for all human beings.
• Justice can’t be advanced if it is fought for in a self-serving/selective way. Even if an injustice doesn’t affect you, an injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere!
• Our most powerful weapons against injustice are EACH OTHER and EDUCATION! You can’t change anything if you don’t know anything. Individuals can’t defeat systemic injustices.
• BE THE CHANGE you want to see in the world...OR BE QUIET
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"Justice cannot be served until those who are unaffected by injustice are as outraged as those who are."

- Solon, Athenian Lawmaker

Lets Review!!!

• Ratifying the Constitution
• The Bill of Rights and Other Amendments
• The Bill of Rights + Know Your Rights Comprehension Check

• Which amendment guarantees us freedom from having our privacy and homes invaded by the military
• Which amendment guarantees us freedom from being searched or arrested by the police unless they provide a warrant or have probable cause?
• Which amendment guarantees us freedom from cruel and unusual punishment by the government?
• Which amendment guarantees us freedom to a public trial by an impartial jury of our peers/fellow citizens?
• Which amendment does the government surveillance of citizens’ private email records, phone conversations, and credit card purchases without their permission allowed by the P.A.T.R.I.O.T. Act violate?

• IDENTIFY 2 ways the Bill of Rights protects citizens accused of crimes.

6) Why was the Electoral College created and Who does it benefit?

• To prevent the American people from having “too much power”…at first

One argument for the Electoral College stemmed from a belief during the 1780s that ordinary Americans lacked sufficient information and political intelligence to vote for presidential candidates directly.

However, the emergence of national presidential parties in the late 1790s rendered the objection obsolete by linking presidential candidates to slates of local candidates and national platforms.

• This explained to voters who stood for what and provided the knowledge necessary to cast well-informed votes

The modifications of the electoral process made after the 12th Amendment was ratified in 1804 enabled future presidential elections to be openly populist and partisan affairs featuring two competing tickets.

If the general citizenry’s lack of knowledge was a real reason for the Electoral College, this problem was largely solved by the early 1800s

Why wasn’t the Electoral College scrapped in 1804 then?

How Well Do You Know Your Constitutionally Protected Rights?

If the answer is incorrect,

you will hear THIS

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If the answer is correct, you will hear THIS

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1. You will be placed into 6 teams and use your Constitutions and/or online resources to complete the Real Life Constitutional Rights Scenarios + choose a team spokesperson to announce your answers.
2. 1 team at a time will be given a question/scenario and have 30 seconds to respond.
3. If the response is correct... everyone on the team will be awarded 1 bonus point.
4. If a response is incorrect... the game will rotate clockwise to the next team, who will be given a new question/scenario.

Which Current Constitutional Issue you are most interested in learning more about:

1. The USA PATRIOT ACT and the 4th Amendment
2. Gun Violence and the 2nd Amendment
3. Wealth Inequality & the impact of special interest groups on U.S. Political + economic systems

Lets Review!!!

For what reasons did the delegates at the Constitutional Convention create a system of checks and balances within the federal government?

What is the electoral college and why was it created?

• What is the Electoral College?
• True or false? The Electoral College ensures the Presidential candidate that the majority of the population votes for wins the election.
• How is the number of electoral votes that each state gets determined?
• How many electoral votes does a Presidential candidate need to win the Presidency?
• True or false? Because of the Electoral College, a Presidential candidate that wins the popular vote in Illinois by 2 votes receives the same number of electoral votes (20) as a Presidential candidate that wins the popular vote in Illinois by over 1 million votes.
• Why was the Electoral College created and who benefits from it?
• What are 2 significant problems/inequities associated with using the Electoral College to pick the President of our Democracy instead of a popular vote?

Electoral College Issues and Inequities

Electoral College Issues and Inequities

Electoral College Issues and Inequities

What is this a picture of?

Checks & Balances in the Constitution

Identify 2 specific example of checks and balances included in the Constitution. Explain...

• Which branch of government is being checked
• How it is being checked
• How this check prevents an imbalance of power in our government

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Congress Questions!

1. How is the number of Representatives each state gets in the House determined?
2. What is the main purpose/function of the Senate?
3. What is the main purpose/function of the House?

The Creation of the Constitution and Bill of Rights Team Review Game

If the answer is incorrect,

you will hear THIS

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If the answer is correct, you will hear THIS

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• You will be placed into teams and use your notes, Constitutions, and/or class resources to complete as much of your study guide as possible in 10 min
• After the 10 minutes is up, each team must + choose a spokesperson that will be responsible for giving your team’s answers during the review game.
• When the review game starts, 1 team at a time will be given a question/statement and have 30 seconds to respond with a final answer.
• If the response is correct... we earn 1 point as a class and the game will rotate clockwise to the next team, who will be given a new question. If we get 5 in-a-row correct, everyone gets 1 bonus point.
• If a response is incorrect... the review challenge continues, but our point total resets to 0.

Complete graphic organizers and questions for the following readings in unit guide:

1) Drafting the Constitution 2) The Great Compromise 3) The Three-Fifths Compromise 4) Ratifying the Constitution

Examples of Checks & Balances in the Constitution

PERIOD 6

Which Current Constitutional Issue you are most interested in learning more about:

• The USA PATRIOT ACT and the 4th Amendment - 2 votes
• Gun Violence and the 2nd Amendment - 15 votes
• Wealth Inequality & the impact of special interest groups on U.S. Political + economic systems - 6 votes

PERIOD 2

Which Current Constitutional Issue you are most interested in learning more about:

• The USA PATRIOT ACT and the 4th Amendment - 5 votes
• Gun Violence and the 2nd Amendment - 12 votes
• Wealth Inequality & the impact of special interest groups on U.S. Political + economic systems - 8 votes

REAL WORLD Civil Rights SCENARIOS

19) Individuals have the right to be personally opposed to gay marriage as long as their beliefs and actions do not threaten the safety or the civil rights of any other citizen. The right to hold and express one’s beliefs and opinions without persecution is guaranteed by the ______________ amendment, which protects citizens right to

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1st

express their opinions as long as doing so does not infringe upon the safety or rights of others.

REAL WORLD Civil Rights SCENARIOS

14) Surveilling, detaining, deporting, or forcing citizens to be placed on a register for tracking purposes for no other reason than their religious affiliation is a direct violation of the

______________ amendment which guarantees and protects the rights of citizens to ...

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1st

freely practice their religion without threat or fear of persecution by the government

REAL WORLD Civil Rights SCENARIOS

15) “The __________ amendment guarantees and protects my right to respectfully decline your request to search me or my vehicle unless you have …

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4th

probable cause or a warrant.

REAL WORLD Civil Rights SCENARIOS

16) The USA PATRIOT Act gives the government the power to legally surveil citizens’ private email records, phone conversations, web browsing history, credit card purchases, and even books checked out from public libraries without having to ask for permission, provide just cause, or obtain a warrant. The power given to the government by the USA PATRIOT Act violates the

______________ amendment because…

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4th

Government surveillance of private citizens done without consent, probable cause, or a warrant qualifies as “unreasonable searches and seizures”

REAL WORLD Civil Rights SCENARIOS

17)As citizens of the United States, the Standing Rock Sioux and their land SHOULD be protected by the _____________ amendment, which states it is illegal for the government to…

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5th

take private property for public use without providing just cause and compensation (eminent domain)

REAL WORLD Civil Rights SCENARIOS

18) Listed in Article I, Section 9, Clause 2 in the constitution, the right to ____________________ protects citizens from being arrested and held in prison without first being charged with a specific crime and brought before a judge or a court (*except in cases of rebellion or invasion).

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Habeas Corpus

REAL WORLD Civil Rights SCENARIOS

20)The Religious Freedom Restoration Act, and any law that supports or endorses the beliefs of any specific religion, is a violation of the ______________________________ amendment, which prohibits the government from...

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Establishment Clause in the 1st

… instituting any law that:

• is based on the beliefs of a specific religion
• favors, endorses, or discriminates against specific religious groups

Articles 1-3: The 3 Branches of Government

1. Which branch of government’s powers are listed in Article 1 of the Constitution?
2. Which branch of government’s powers are listed in Article 2 of the Constitution?
3. Which branch of government’s powers are listed in Article 3 of the Constitution?

Articles 1-3: The 3 Branches of Government

4) What is the main purpose/job of the Executive Branch?

5) What is the main purpose/job of the Judicial Branch?

6) What is the main purpose/job of the Legislative Branch?

Articles 1-3: The 3 Branches of Government

7) The Legislative Branch, which included both the House of Representatives and Senate, is also known as __________.

8) What government positions/groups make up the Executive Branch?

9) What part of the Judicial Branch is comprised of 9 justices?

10) Who in the Executive Branch appoints/selects supreme court justices? What part of the Legislative Branch CHECKS this person’s power by requiring appointments to be approved (simple majority) before they can become official supreme court justices?

Articles 1-3: The 3 Branches of Government

11) The main role of the ____________ is to advise the President on any subject they may require relating to the duties of each member's respective office. It includes the Vice President and the heads of 15 executive departments.

Experimenting with Confederation Comprehension Check

1. Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation ...

Example:

• Weakness = Any amendments/changes to the Articles required 100% unanimous agreement from every state.
• This is a problem because...it made it very difficult to make any changes in government and it undermined the idea of majority rule.

Understanding the Cause and Effect Relationship of Major Events in History

• The 3/5 Compromise is approved by delegates at Constitutional Convention
• Ratification of the U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights
• Ratification of the Articles of Confederation
• Declaration of Independence is issued
• The Great Compromise is approved by delegates at Constitutional Convention
• Constitutional Convention convenes at Independence Hall to create new Constitution
• Participants in Shays Rebellion try unsuccessfully to overthrow the government in MA

1st =

2nd =

3rd =

4th =

5th =

6th =

7th =

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Example of SPECIFIC and Detailed Evidence

Example of SPECIFIC and Detailed Evidence