Knowledge end points:

To know and talk about factors that support our overall wellbeing including physical activity, healthy eating, toothbrushing, screen time, sleep and being a safe pedestrian.

To understand and eat a healthy and varied range of food.

To show some understanding that exercise, eating, drinking water, sleeping and good hygiene all contribute to good health.

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Methods and processes:

(characteristics of effective learning)

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To think of our own ideas with regards to how to stay healthy and look after wellbeing.

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Vocabulary

safe

healthy

exercise

unhealthy

unsafe

Knowledge end points:

To show care and concern for living things and the environment.

To look closely at similarities and differences, patterns and change in nature.

To explore the natural world and observe by drawing pictures.

To make observations of animals and plants and talk about change.

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Methods and processes:

(characteristics of effective learning)

To make observations of animals.

To find similarities and differences between the natural world and contrasting environment.

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Vocabulary

care

feed

winter

nest

fly

migrate

Knowledge end points:

To show care and concern for living things and the environment.

To look closely at similarities and differences, patterns and change in nature.

To explore the natural world and observe by drawing pictures.

To make observations of animals and plants and talk about change.

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Methods and processes:

(characteristics of effective learning)

To make observations of animals and plants.

To find similarities and differences between the natural world and contrasting environment.

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Vocabulary

minibeast

legs

wings

shell

Knowledge end points:

To name and describe common animals including fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.

To know animals can be omnivores, carnivores or herbivores.

To compare the structure of a variety of common animals including pets.

To identify, name, draw and label basic parts of the human body and link it to the senses.

Methods and processes:

To plan and carry out an experiment using prior knowledge.

To make reasonable predictions based on prior knowledge

To use observations to suggest answers to questions.

Can you identify carnivores, herbivores and omnivores through an enquiry into their diet?

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Vocabulary

Meaning

fish

A fish has a spine, swims in water and breathes using gills.

amphibians

All amphibians begin their life in water with gills and tails.

reptiles

Are animals that are cold-blooded. Most lay eggs and have scales.

birds

Birds are warm blooded, have feathers and wings and lay eggs.

mammals

Mammals are also warm blooded animals.

carnivore

A carnivore is a meat-eating animal.

herbivore

A herbivore eats plants.

omnivore

An omnivore eats plants and meat.

Key facts to remember:

There are different groups of animals such as mammals, fish, amphibians, reptiles and birds.

Tame animals are domesticated which means they live in people’s homes.

Animals can be carnivores, herbivores or omnivores.

Humans are mammals.

Whales are mammals because they give birth to their young, breathe air and feed their babies milk.

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Other animals like fish and amphibians have offspring which does not look like them.

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Some animals lay eggs which hatch into live young.

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Knowledge end points:

LO- To identify and group a variety of common animals. (Y1 recap)

To know that animals, including humans, have offspring.

To understand how offspring grow into adults.

To find out about the basic needs of animals, including humans for survival.

To compare the stages of the human life cycle.

To investigate the effects of exercise on the human body. (Summer 2 )

To understand the importance of nutrition and hygiene. (Summer 2)

Methods and processes:

To observe closely each part of the life cycle of different animals.

To ask relevant questions about the basic needs of humans.

To observe how animals change as they grow into adults.

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Vocabulary

Meaning

Hygiene

Keeping your teeth, hair and body clean

Exercise

Keeping your body fit and active.

Survival

We need air, water and food to survive.

Nutrition

Food which helps us grow.

Offspring

An animal’s young.

Grow

When a human or animal increases in size over time.

Key facts to remember:

Offspring is the young of an animal.

Animals need water, shelter and food in order to survive.

Animals offspring have different names.

We need exercise, certain types of food in different amounts and to keep clean in order to be healthy.

Knowledge end points:

To identify that animals, including humans need the right types of nutrition.

I understand the importance of a balanced diet and can suggest diet and/meals that follow this.

To identify that humans and some animals have skeletons and muscles for support, protection and movement.

I can identify and explain the three main functions of a skeleton.

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Methods and processes:

To classify the different types of nutrition.

To research different food groups and how they keep us healthy.

I can ask relevant questions about the function of different muscles.

To compare and classify animals with exoskeletons and endoskeletons.

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What is the purpose of the human skeleton?

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Vocabulary

Meaning

Backbone

The column of small linked bones down the middle of your back.

Endoskeleton

The internal skeleton of an animal.

Exoskeleton

The protective or supporting structure covering the outside of the body.

Joints

The junction between two or more bones.

Muscles

Something inside your body which connects two bones to help you move.

Skeleton

The framework of bones in your body.

Vertebrate

A creature which has a spine.

Key facts to remember:

Protein helps muscles repair.

Carbohydrates and fats give you energy.

Vitamins and minerals keep your body healthy.

Fibre helps you digest food.

Water helps move nutrients in your body.

Wider Vocabulary

Meaning

Balanced diet

A variety of food that you regularly eat.

Diet

The type and range of food that you regularly eat.

Energy

The ability and strength to do physical things.

Healthy

Well and not suffering from any illness.

Nutrients

Substances that help plants and animals to grow.

Nutrition

The process of taking food into the body and absorbing the nutrients in those foods.

Key facts to remember:

Vertebrates are animals that have a backbone. These skeletons are called endoskeletons - this means that the skeletons are on the inside of the bodies. These skeletons grow with the bodies.

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When the skeleton exists outside the body, it is called an exoskeleton. An exoskeleton is a covering that supports and protects animals. These have to be shed and a new skeleton is grown.

Knowledge end points:

I can name the four different types of teeth and the function of each tooth.

To understand what tooth decay is

To compare the teeth of herbivores and carnivores and suggest reasons for the difference.

To know the simple functions of the basic parts of the digestive system in humans.

To describe the simple functions of the basic parts of the digestive system in humans.

Methods and processes:

To set up a simple practical enquiry about tooth decay to investigate the impact of different liquids on teeth.

To suggest how the enquiry will be a fair test

To make systematic and careful observations.

To record results using drawings and diagrams.

To closely observe the process of digestion through practical enquiry.

Why do we have different types of teeth?

How do we care for our teeth?

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Vocabulary

Meaning

Canine

Pointed teeth near the front of the mouth of humans and some animals .

Decay

Gradually destroyed by a natural process.

Enamel

The hard white substance that forms the outer part of a tooth.

Incisor

The teeth at the front of your mouth which you use for biting into food.

Molar

The large, flat teeth towards the back of your mouth that you use for chewing food.

Premolar

Two teeth between the first molar and the canine.

Key facts to remember:

Digestion is the breaking down of food.

Excretion is the removal of faeces, urine and sweat.

An organ is a part of your body with a particular purpose.

The oesophagus carries food from the throat to the stomach.

The stomach is an organ that digests food.

Knowledge end points:

To classify animals that are herbivores, carnivores and omnivores-

To understand the different types of animals and the names of the different parts of a food chain.

To be able to construct and interpret a variety of food chains, identifying producers, predators and prey.

Methods and processes:

To ask relevant questions about different food chains.

To classify information about food chains using simple diagrams and drawings.

How do animals in the food chain impact each other?

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Vocabulary

Meaning

Life processes

There are seven processes that tell us that living things are alive.

Omnivore

person or animal eats all kinds of food, including both meat and plants.

Herbivore

An animal that only eats plants

Carnivore

An animal that eats meat.

Producer

Organisms that make their own food using energy from the Sun.

Predator

An animal that kills and eats other animals.

Secondary consumer

Organisms that eat primary consumers for energy.

Tertiary consumer

Tertiary consumers eat primary and secondary consumers as their main source of food.

Food chain

A series of living things which are linked to each other because each thing feeds on the one next to it in the series.

Prey

An animal hunted or captured by another for food.

Key facts to remember:

A food web shows the direction in which energy travels.

A food web shows multiple food chains where there are multiple feeding relationships.

When part of the food chain is removed, this has an impact on the other parts of the food chain.

The population of tertiary consumers depends on healthy populations of producers, primary and secondary consumers.

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Knowledge end points:

To describe the changes as humans develop to old age.

To draw a timeline to indicate the stages of growth and development in humans, including those experienced in puberty.

To research the gestation periods of animals and make comparisons to humans.

Methods and processes:

To compare scientific data to describe the changes to animals and humans over time.

To measure and make comparisons about human growth.

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What is puberty: what changes can we expect to experience?

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Vocabulary

Meaning

Adolescence

The period of your life in which you develop from being a child into being an adult.

Development

The gradual growth or formation of something.

Foetus

An animal or human being in its later stages of development before it is born.

Gestation

The process in which babies grow inside their mother's body before they are born.

Hormones

A chemical, usually occurring naturally in your body, that makes an organ of your body do something .

Life cycle

The series of changes that an animal or plant passes through from the beginning of its life until its death.

Life processes

There are seven processes that tell us that living things are alive.

Key facts to remember:

Infancy - this is a period of rapid change. Many toddlers learn to walk and talk at this stage.

Adolescence - this is when the body starts to change and prepare itself for adulthood. Hormonal changes take place over a few years. This is also known as puberty.

Early adulthood - this is when humans are usually at their fittest and strongest.

Middle adulthood - changes such as hair loss may happen. There are also some hormonal changes again and the ability to reproduce decreases.

Late adulthood - there is a decline in fitness and strength.

Puberty is the change that happens in late childhood and adolescence where the body starts to change because of hormones.

Knowledge end points:

To identify and name the main parts of the human circulatory system.

To describe the functions of the heart, blood vessels and blood

To recognise the impact of diet, exercise, drugs and lifestyle on the way their bodies function

To describe the ways in which nutrients and water are transported within animals.

Methods and processes:

Investigation: How does exercise impact our pulse?

To conduct scientific research about the relationship between diet, exercise, drugs, lifestyle and health.

• plan an investigation into factors which impact pulse rate.
• recognise key variables in an enquiry into pulse rate.
• take precise measurements using standard units.
• present data from a pulse rate enquiry in a line graph showing causal relationship.
• report on degree of trust in results

Wider Vocabulary

Meaning

Aorta

The main artery through which blood leaves your heart before it flows through the rest of your body.

Arteries

A tube in your body that carries oxygenated blood from your heart to the rest of your body.

Blood vessels

The narrow tubes through which your blood flows. Arteries, veins and capillaries are blood vessels.

Capillaries

Tiny blood vessels in your body.

Pulse

The regular beating of blood through your body. How fast or slow your pulse is depends on the activity you are doing.

Respiration

Process of respiring; breathing; inhaling and exhaling air.

Key facts to remember:

The circulatory system is made of the heart, lungs and the blood vessels.

Arteries carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body.

Veins carry deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart.

Nutrients, oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged via the capillaries.

Some choices, such as smoking and drinking alcohol can be harmful to our health.

Exercise can tone our muscles, reduce fat and increase fitness.

Exercise can make you feel physically and mentally healthier.