/kkj.kh; ,oa v/kkj.kh; osxksa dk fpfdRlk esa egRoA

Name - Vimal Dohare

Roll No. - 49

Batch - 2017-2018

v/kkj.kh; osx % ;g vuqHko esa vk;k gS fd Hkw[k yxus ij tc Hkkstu vkfn ugha fd;k tkrk] rks ,dne detksjh vkus yxrh gS] I;kl yxus ij ikuh u ihus ls 'kjhj cstku lk gks tkrk gS rFkk pDdj] ewPNk vkfn Hkh vk ldrs gSaA blh çdkj ew= dk osx gksus ij ;fn ew=R;kx u fd;k tk,] rks isV esa nnZ gksus yxrk gS] blh çdkj ey dk osx gksus ij eyR;kx u djus ls isV esa xSl] nnZ vkfn y{k.k iSnk gks tkrs gSaA bu lcls ;g Li"V gks tkrk gS fd 'kjhj esa dksbZ Hkh osx gksus ij mldk le; ij fuLlkj.k vo'; fd;k tkuk pkfg,] foyEc ugha djuk pkfg,A Hkw[kI;kl yxuk] ey&ew= ds R;kx ds fy, osx gksuk rFkk blh çdkj dh vU; bPNk,¡ 'kjhj esa LokHkkfod :i ls mRiUu gksrh jgrh gSaA bUgsa LokHkkfod osx dgk tkrk gSA çR;sd psru çk.kh esa ;s LokHkkfod bPNk,¡ ikbZ tkrh gSa] tks le;≤ ij osxksa ds :i esa vius vki çdV gksrh jgrh gSaA budh le; ij fuo`fÙk djuk cgqr vko';d gSA ,slk u djus ls vusd çdkj ds jksx mRiUu gks ldrs gSaA vkSj mUgh osxks dks vk/kkj.kh; osx dgk x;k gS tks fd 13 çdkj ds gksrs gSA

v/kkj.kh; osx fuEufyf[kr gSa%&

1- ey&ew= dk osx

2- Nhad dk osx

3- r`".kk dk osx

4- vikuok;q dk osx

5- mnxkj dk osx

6- NfnZZZ dk osx

7- {kq/kk dk osx

8- fuæk dk osx

9- dkl dk osx

10- Jetfur 'okl dk osx

11- t`EHkk dk osx

12- vJq dk osx

13- 'kqØ dk osx

/kkj.kh; osx % bl yksd esa rFkk ijyksd esa viuk Hkyk pkgus okyk iq#"k yksHk] bZ";k] }s"k eRlrkZ rFkk jkx }s"k vkfn ds osxksa dks jksdus dk lnk çR;u djrk jgs vkSj lnk viuh bafæ;ksa ij fot; çkIr djrk jgsA

/kkj.kh; osx fuEufyf[kr gSa%&

1- yksHk

2- bZ";k

3- jkx

4- }s"k

5- eRljrk

/kkj.kh; ,oa v/kkj.kh; osxks dk LokLFk esa mi;ksx %

v/kkj.kh; osxksa dks /kkj.k djus ls jksxksa dh mRifÙk gksrh gS Bhd mlh çdkj /kkj.kh; osx dks u /kkj.k djus ls ekufld ,oa 'kkjhfjd jksx mRiu gksrs gSA

vk/kkj.kh; osxksa dks /kkj.k djus ls jksxksa mRifÙk ,oa mldh fpfdRlk %

1- ey dk osx & ey ds osxjks/k vFkkZr~ ey dk osx gksus ij Hkh ey&R;kx u djus ls 'kwy] rhoz nnZ] fljnnZ] ey vkSj v/kksokr ¼xSl½ dks R;kx djus esa #dkoV] ta?kk dh isf'k;ksa esa ,saBu] isV esa vQkjk] çfr';k;] ey}kj esa dSaph ls dkVus tSlh ihM+k] ân; dh xfr esa #dkoV rFkk eq[k ls nwf"kr vUu dk fudyuk vkfn f'kdk;rsa mRiUu gks tkrh gSaA

fpfdRlk & buds mipkj ds fy, fldkbZ] ekfy'k] Vc Luku] ey}kj esa ofrZ ¼cÙkh½ Mkyuk] cfLr fØ;k ¼,fuek½ vkfn lk/kuksa dks ç;ksx esa ykuk pkfg,A [kkus esa iihrk] gjh lfCt;k¡] Qyksa dk jl vkfn fojspd nLrkoj [kk| vkSj is; inkZFkksa dk lsou mi;ksxh gSA

ew= dk osx & ew= ds osxjks/k vFkkZr~ ew=R;kx dh vko';drk vuqHko gksus ij Hkh ew=R;kx u djus ls ew=k'k;] fyax] isV ds fupys Hkkx] ew=ekx] xqnksaZ] ew=og&lzksrksa esa ihM+k gksrh gS rFkk isV esa vQkjk] nnZ] ew=—PNª ¼ew=R;kx esa dfBukbZ½] fljnnZ ,oa 'kjhj dk >qd tkuk vkfn tfVyrk,¡ mRiUu gks tkrh gSaA

vax&vax esa VwVus dh&lh ihM+k] iFkjh jksx gksuk Hkh ns[kk tkrk gSA blds vfrfjDr ew=k'k; ¼Urinary Bladder½ dh detksjh] ckj&ckj ew= laogu LFkkuksa esa 'kksFk o vusd çdkj dh fo—fr;k¡ ¼Infection½ Hkh gksus dh lEHkkouk jgrh gSA

fpfdRlk & mnj ij ekfy'k] Vc Luku rFkk ukd esa ?kh dh ulokj Mky dj rFkk rhu çdkj dh ofLr ¼vkLFkkiu] mÙkj cfLr vkSj vuqoklu½ dh fØ;kvksa }kjk budk mipkj fd;k tk ldrk gSA blds vfrfjDr ew=y vkS"kf/k;k¡ nsuh pkfg, rFkk ew=og laLFkku ds 'kksFk dks nwj dj mudks 'kfDr nsus okyh vkS"kf/k;ksa dk lsou djuk pkfg,A vk;qosZZZZZZZZZZnkuqlkj voihMd ?k`r dk iku djuk pkfg,A Hkkstu ls igys vkSj Hkkstu ikpu ds ckn vf/kd ek=k esa ?k`r lsou gh *voihMd ?k`r^ gSA

2- Nhad dk osx & Nhad dk osx jksdus ls flj nnZ] ydok] vk/kklhlh dk nnZ] eU;kLrEHk vkSj us= vkfn bfUæ;ksa esa detksjh vkfn mRiUu gks ldrs gSaA

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fpfdRlk & budh fpfdRlk ds fy, flj ls xnZu rd ds Hkkx dh ekfy'k vkSj fldkbZ] vkS"kf/k;ksa ls rS;kj /kweZiku] ukd esa rsy Mkyuk vkfn lk/ku ç;ksx esa ykus pkfg,A okr 'kkUr djus okys inkFkksaZ dk lsou rFkk Hkkstu ds i'pkr~ ?kh dk lsou fo'ks"k mi;ksxh gSA

3- r`".kk dk osx & I;kl yxus ij Hkh ty vkfn is; inkFkZ u ihus ls xyk vkSj eq[k lw[kus yxrs gSaA cgjkiu] FkdkoV] detksjh rFkk ân; esa nnZ vkfn y{k.k mRiUu gks tkrs gSaA

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fpfdRlk & buds mipkj ds fy, jksxh dks Ba.Ms vkSj 'kkfUrnk;d is; inkFkZ ihus pkfg,A ikuh dks ,d lkFk cgqr vf/kd u ihdj dqN&dqN vUrjky ls fnu&Hkj ihrs jguk pkfg,A

4- vikuok;q dk osx & vikuok;q ds osxjks/k ls vFkkZr~ isV ds fupys Hkkx esa okr ,d= gksus ij ladkspo'k mldk osx jksdus ls] ey}kj ls mldk foltZu u djus ls okr nks"k dqfir gks tkrk gSA blls ey] ew= vkSj xSl dks fudkyus esa #dkoV] isV esa vQkjk] nnZ] FkdkoV] lqLrh ,oa isV ds nwljs jksx mRiUu gks ldrs gSaA blls us=jksx] ân; dh /kM+du esa fo—fr ,oa eUnkfXu Hkh gks ldrh gSA

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fpfdRlk & bu tfVyrkvksa dh fpfdRlk ds fy, Lusgu fØ;k ¼?kh] rsy vkSj fpdukbZ okys inkFkksaZ dk lsou o ekfy'k vkfn½ fldkbZ] xqnk esa ofr Mkyuk rFkk ,fuek dk ç;ksx ykHknk;d gSA bl fLFkfr esa ikpd [kk| vkSj is; inkFkksaZ dk lsou djuk pkfg, o v/kksokr ds osx dks jksdus ls cpuk pkfg,A

5- mnxkj dk osx & Mdkj dk osx jksdus ls fgpdh 'okl ¼lkal Qwyuk½ 'kjhj vFkok fdlh vax dk dEiu] Hkkstu esa v#fp] ân; vkSj QsQM+ksa dh Øf;kvksa dk /khek iM+uk] vQjk] dkl vkfn jksx mRiUu gks ldrs gSaA

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fpfdRlk & buds fuokj.kkFkZ vk;qosZn esa fgpdh ds fy, fuZfn`"V mipkjksa dks viukuk pkfg,A

6- NfnZ dk osx & oeu dh bPNk ;k osx mifLFkr gksus ij Hkh mls jksdus ls [kqtyh] mnnZ] dq"B] ;k Nikdh ¼'khrfiÙk½ Hkkstu esa v#fp] lwtu] psgjs ij dkys nkx] jDr dh deh] Toj] th fepykuk] foliZ ¼,d çdkj dk peM+h dk jksx½] vU; peZ jksx] dkl] 'okl] us=jksx ,oa 'kksFk ¼lwtu½ mRiUu gks ldrs gSaA

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fpfdRlk & bu jksxksa ls NqVdkjk ikus ds fy, oeu fpfdRlk ¼mYVh ykus dh vkS"kf/k vkfn ysuk½ x.Mw"k/kkj.k] vkS"kf/k;ksa ls rS;kj /kweiku] miokl] jDreks{k.k ¼nwf"kr jDr fudyokuk½ vkSj fojspu fØ;k ¼nLrkoj vkS"kf/k dk lsou½ dks ç;ksx esa ykuk pkfg,A blds lkFk&lkFk 'kkjhfjd O;k;ke vkSj :{k xq.k okys [kk| o is; inkFkksaZ dk lsou Hkh mi;ksxh gSA

7- {kq/kk dk osx & {kq/kk dk osx jksdus ls vFkkZr~ Hkw[k yxus ij Hkh Hkkstu u djus ls 'kjhj esa detksjh vkSj {kh.krk ¼nqcyrk½ vk tkrh gSA le; ij Hkkstu u djus ls ;—r~ jksx o rn~tU; nwljs fodkj iSnk gks tkrs gSA 'kjhj dk jax cnyus yxrk gS rFkk ?kcjkgV] v#fp vkSj pDdj vkfn vkus yxrs gSaA blds vfrfjDr eU;kLrEHk] vnZZfr ¼ydok½ vkfn jksx Hkh mRiUu gks tkrs gSaA

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fpfdRlk & bu tfVyrkvksa ls NqVdkjk ikus ds fy, fLuX/k ¼fpdukbZ okyk½ o gYdk rFkk mfpr le; ij Hkkstu djuk pkfg,A

8- fuæk dk osx & uhan ds osxjks/k ls vFkkZr~ uhan vkus ij mls gBkr~ jksd dj txrs jgus ls tEHkkb;k¡] FkdkoV rFkk lqLrh vkfn fodkj mRiUu gks tkrs gSaA flj esa nnZ] vka[kksa esa Hkkjhiu vka[kksa ds uhps dkykiu vkSj pDdj vkuk tSlh f'kdk;rsa ns[kh tkrh gSaA

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fpfdRlk & bl fLFkfr ls NqVdkjk ikus ds fy, iwjk vkjke vkSj uhan ysuh pkfg,A okr dks 'kkUr djus okys vkgkj fogkj dk lsou mi;ksxh gSA

9- dkl dk osx & dkl ;k [kk¡lh dk osx mBus ij tc jksxh bls tcjnLrh jksdrk gS rks blls dkl esa rks o`f) gksrh gh gS] blds lkFk&lkFk 'okl ¼lk¡l Qwyuk½] v#fp o ân; jksx Hkh gks ldrs gSaA 'kks"k ¼{k; jksx½ vkSj fgDdk ¼fgpdh½ gksus dh Hkh vk'kadk jgrh gSA

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fpfdRlk & blesa dkl jksx ukld fpfdRlk fof/k dk ç;ksx djuk pkfg,A

10- Jetkfur 'okl dk osx & vf/kd nkSM+us ;k vU; dksbZ 'kkjhfjd Je djus ls ân; vkSj QsQM+ksa dh xfr c<+ tkrh gSA blls 'okl rsth ls pyus yxrk gSA ;gh JetU; 'okl gSA tc bl rhoz 'okl dks tcjnLrh jksdus dk ç;Ru djrs gSa] rks çk.k vkSj mnku okr dqfir gks tkrs gSaA blls ân; ds dikVksa ¼Valves½ vkSj Qq¶Qql ¼QsQM+ksa½ ds jksxksa dh mRifÙk gksrh gSA 'okl osx jksdus ls dbZZ ckj 'okl ,dne #d tkrk gS vkSj jksxh ewfPNZr Hkh gks tkrk gSA bl çdkj 'okl osx dks jksdus ls xqYe] ân;jksx vkSj ewPNkZ dh mRifÙk gksrh gSA

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fpfdRlk & bldh fpfdRlk ds fy, foJke djuk vko';d gS] lkFk gh okr'kked vkgkj&fogkj dk lsou djuk pkfg,A

11- t`EHkk dk osx & tEHkkbZZ dk osx jksdus ls 'kjhj dk eqM+ tkuk] vk{ksi ¼Convulsion½ ladqpu ¼fldqM+u½] vaxksa esa lqUurk] dEiu vkfn jksx mRiUu gks tkrs gSaA

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fpfdRlk & budh fpfdRlk ds fy, okr dks 'kkUr djus okys vkS"kf/k;ksa vkSj inkFkksaZ dk lsou djuk pkfg,A

12- vJq dk osx & 'kksd vFkok vU; dkj.kksa ls ân; ds æfor gksus ls vk¡lqvksa dk osx vkrk gSA bls jksdus ls ukd esa lwtu] vk¡[kksa ds jksx] ân; jksx] Hkkstu esa v#fp] pDdj vkfn tfVyrk,¡ mRiUu gks tkrh gSaA

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fpfdRlk & budh fpfdRlk ds fy, vkS"k/k] vklo] vfj"V dk lsou] uhan rFkk g¡lh etkd dh ckr djuk vkfn lk/ku mi;ksxh gSaA

13- 'kqØ dk osx & 'kqØ ¼oh;Z½ ds osx dks jksdus ls fyax rFkk vaMdks"kksa esa nnZ] 'kksFk] Toj] ?kcjkgV] ân; çns'k esa nnZ] ew= ds çokg esa #dkoV vkfn d"V gksrs gSaA blls vaxksa esa VwVu&lh ihM+k] vaxM+kbZ vkuk] v.Mo`f)] v'ejh rFkk uiqaldrk tSls jksx Hkh gks tkrs gSaA

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fpfdRlk & bu tfVyrkvksa dks nwj djus ds fy, ekfy'k] Vc Luku] 'kkfy/kku vkSj nw/k dk lsou djuk pkfg,A fpdukbZ jfgr cfLr&Ø;k ¼,fuek½ ç;ksx esa ykuh pkfg,A blesa ew=y vkS"kf/k;ksa ¼tSls & xks[k#½ ls idk;s x;s nw/k dk lsou Hkh ykHkdj gSA

mDr osxjks/k ls mRiUu leL;kvksa ls cpus ds fy, vk;qosZn esa e;kfnr eSFkqu&lsou ekU; gSA vuko';d 'kqØ&osx u gks] blds fy, mÙkstuk iSnk djus okys lkfgR;] pyfp= o vU; mÙkstd okrk ,oa –';ksa ls cpuk pkfg,A vkgkj esa fepZ elkys o xfj"B ,oa rkefld inkFkksaZ ds lsou ls Hkh cpuk pkfg,A lkfÙod] iF; o fer Hkkstu ysuk pkfg,A

/kkj.kh; osx %

1- yksHk & bldk feF;k;ksx gkfudkjd gksrk gS D;ksafd ykHkkr yksHk% çorZrs vFkkZr~ tc ykHk gksus yxrk gS rks yksHk dh ço`fr c<+rh tkrh gS A

2- bZ";k & Mkg] tyu] nwljksa dh lQyrk dks ns[kdj gksus okyh ,d eu% ço`fr blhfy, dgk x;k gS & gSrkS b'kw Qys vuf"kZZqA

3- eRljrk & nwljksa dks nq[kh ns[kdj çlUu gksukA

4- jkx & fo"k;ksa esa eu dh vklfDrA

5- }s"k & nwljksa dks gkfu igq¡pk dj ç;Ru djukA

Thank You!