January 8, 2013�Objectives:
- Welcome back!
- New seating chart
- Assess student understanding of key chemistry terms
- Students will work in partners and become familiar with some basic chemistry terms by completing a crossword, word search or decoding puzzle.
�Warm-Up: What is chemistry? What words do you think of when you hear the word chemistry?
Homework Due: None
Homework Assigned: 1. Get a new notebook.
2. Chemistry Crossword + Word Search
(if not finished in class)
Now that you have found your seat
1. Introduce yourself to your neighbor
2. Ask them how their break was
-What did they do?
-Should the break have been longer or shorter?
Remember that you will be working with this person at least for the next few weeks. So be friendly so that you are comfortable sharing ideas related to class.
3. Ask your neighbor what they think chemistry is.
4. Work on the chemistry word puzzles together.
January 9/10, 2013�Objectives:
-Check the Chemistry Puzzles
-Understand how matter is classified by making
observations and by completing a graphic organizer with the words: Matter, pure substance, mixture, element, compound, homogeneous mixture and heterogeneous mixture
�Warm-Up: Do you think matter is made up of atoms? Why? What evidence can you think of that supports this idea?
Homework Due: 1. Notebook.
2. Chemistry Crossword + Word Search
(if not finished in class)
Homework Assigned: Classifying matter graphic organizer (put this
in your notes)
Get ready to see something that changed the 20th century.�http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J-YftHUva_o&feature=related �Write down your observations in your notebook.
What do you see? �Why do you think it is happening?���
Elements and Atoms
Element
Elements and Atoms
Element
a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means.
Elements and Atoms
Element
a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means.
Put this drawing in your notes →
(All the things on the periodic table are elements)
Elements and Atoms
Element
Atom
a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means.
Put this drawing in your notes →
All the things on the periodic table are elements
Elements and Atoms
Element
Atom
a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means.
Put this drawing in your notes →
(All the things on the periodic table are elements)
The smallest particle of an element that keeps the chemical identity of the element
Each element has a unique type of atom.
Compounds Molecules and Mixtures
Compound
Compounds Molecules and Mixtures
Compound
Molecule
A substance that contains two or more different elements chemically joined
Has the same stuff throughout
Compounds Molecules and Mixtures
Compound
Molecule
Mixture
A substance that contains two or more different elements chemically joined
Has the same composition through out
A group of two or more atoms joined by covalent chemical bonds
Compounds Molecules and Mixtures
Compound
Molecule
Mixture
A substance that contains two or more different elements chemically joined
Has the same composition throughout
A group of two or more atoms joined by chemical bonds
Contains more than one kind of atom , molecule or compound
Compounds Molecules and Mixtures
Compound
Molecule
Mixture
A substance that contains two or more different elements chemically joined
Has the same composition throughout
A group of two or more atoms joined by chemical bonds
Contains more than one kind of atom , molecule or compound
�Why do we think everything is made of matter?����
Types of Mixtures
Homogeneous
Mixture
Heterogeneous
Mixture
The same throughout
All samples are the same
Ex: milk, olive oil, brass
Different samples do not have the same proportions of matter
Ex: soup, chocolate chip cookie batter, blood
January 11, 2013�Objectives:
-Practice classifying matter as a pure substance, mixture, element or compound, homogeneous mixture or heterogeneous mixture.
-https://docs.google.com/file/d/0ByzwMGhRM1gnLWdyLWpfd3RkMkE/edit
�Warm-Up: Answer this math problem.
4(3 eggs + 6 apples) = ?
Homework Due: None
Homework Assigned: Classifying matter practice sheet (put this
in your notes)
January 14, 2013�Objectives:
-Grade the classifying matter worksheet
-Learn and practice using the formulas for converting from the Fahrenheit scale to the Centigrade (Celsius) scale.
�Warm-Up: If you were creating a temperature scale how would you do it?
Homework Due: Classifying matter practice sheet
Homework Assigned: None
How was each temperature scale created?��Fahrenheit set 0
as the freezing point
of Salt water.
��
Celsius = Centigrade set 0 as the freezing point of water and 100 as the boiling point of water.
January 15, 2013�Objectives:
-Learn and practice using the formulas for converting from the Fahrenheit scale to the Centigrade (Celsius) scale.
�Warm-Up: The low last night was -4 degrees F. Convert this temperature into degrees C.
Homework Due: None
Homework Assigned: Practice worksheet
�����
Conversion Game Rules� 1. No talking once the round begins. You talk you lose a point.� 2. Everyone works on their own� 3. Score a point by getting the right answer� 4. Score a point by helping someone else get the right answer after each round� 5. Help points may only be given by the person who missed the question after each round� 6. Top three scores after five rounds compete for prize on the board.� 7. NO CALCULATORS!! Show Work!� ����
Round 1:��The temperature outside right now is about 23 degrees Fahrenheit. Convert to Celsius.
Round 1:��The temperature outside right now is about 23 degrees Fahrenheit. Convert to Celsius. ���Correct Answer: -5 degrees Celsius
Help Round��You may talk for this round.
Round 2:��You visit a friend in Spain and the weather says it is 30 degrees Celsius. Convert to Fahrenheit.��
Round 2:��You visit a friend in Spain and the weather says it is 30 degrees Celsius. Convert to Fahrenheit.��Correct Answer: 86 degrees Fahrenheit��
Help Round��You may talk for this round.
Round 3:��Convert 400 degrees Fahrenheit to Celsius.��
Round 3:��Convert 400 degrees Fahrenheit to Celsius.��Correct Answer: 204.44 or 204 and 4/9 degrees Celsius
Help Round��You may talk for this round.
Round 4:��Convert 400 degrees Celsius to Fahrenheit.��
Round 4:��Convert 400 degrees Celsius to Fahrenheit.��Correct Answer: 752 degrees Fahrenheit
Help Round��You may talk for this round.
Round 5:��Convert 0 degrees Fahrenheit to Celsius.��
Round 5:��Convert 0 degrees Fahrenheit to Celsius.��Correct Answer: -17.777 or -17 and 7/9
Help Round��You may talk for this round.
Final Round��Top three scorers get a marker and answer the following question on the board. Show all work.��Convert 40 degrees Celsius to Fahrenheit
Final Round��Top three scorers get a marker and answer the following question on the board. Show all work.��Convert 40 degrees Celsius to Fahrenheit
January 16/17 2013�Objectives:
-Practice using the formulas for converting from the Fahrenheit scale to the Centigrade (Celsius) scale.
-Understand thermodynamics and what temperature means in terms of the molecular state of matter.
-Temperature conversions practice sheet
�Warm-Up: Convert 40 degrees C to Fahrenheit.
Homework Due: None
Homework Assigned: Practice worksheet
Conversion Practice Worksheet� 1.Each group is responsible for a set of five problems.
� 2. Double check your work. Double check other group's work.
3. Do the last five problems for homework.� ����
January 18, 2013�Objectives:
-Understand thermodynamics and what temperature means in terms of the molecular state of matter.
-Understand the Kelvin Scale
�Warm-Up: Describe the molecular motion of ice.
Homework Due: Temperature Conversion Practice Worksheet +
Phet Worksheet
Homework Assigned: A day in the life of a water molecule
What is Temperature?
Temperature
Kinetic Energy
Thermal Energy
-a quantity that measures the kinetic energy in each molecule due to random motion
- measured in Fahrenheit (F), Celsius (Centigrade) (C) or Kelvin (K)
Energy of motion
Energy due to temperature
Kelvin Temperature Scale
Kelvin Scale
Absolute Zero
Temperature scale (K)
0 K = -273 C = Absolute Zero
273 K = 0 C = Freezing
373 K = 100 C = Boiling
Temperature in Kelvin = Temperature in Celsius + 273
Lowest possible temperature
Thermal Energy is as close to zero as it can be
Phases of Matter
Solid
Holds its shape and does not flow
Phases of Matter
Solid
Holds its shape and does not flow
Molecules vibrate in place but don’t move far
Phases of Matter
Solid
Liquid
Holds its shape and does not flow
Molecules vibrate in place but don’t move far
Holds its volume but not its shape
Phases of Matter
Solid
Liquid
Holds its shape and does not flow
Molecules vibrate in place but don’t move far
Holds its volume but not its shape
Molecules have enough energy to change position with neighbor
Phases of Matter
Solid
Liquid
Holds its shape and does not flow
Molecules vibrate in place but don’t move far
Holds its volume but not its shape
Molecules have enough energy to change position with neighbor
Flows because molecules can move around
Phases of Matter
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Holds its shape and does not flow
Molecules vibrate in place but don’t move far
Holds its volume but not its shape
Molecules have enough energy to change position with neighbor
Flows because molecules can move around
Flows like a liquid but can expand or contract to fill a container
Phases of Matter
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Holds its shape and does not flow
Molecules vibrate in place but don’t move far
Holds its volume but not its shape
Molecules have enough energy to change position with neighbor
Flows because molecules can move around
Flows like a liquid but can expand or contract to fill a container
Does not hold volume
Phases of Matter
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Holds its shape and does not flow
Molecules vibrate in place but don’t move far
Holds its volume but not its shape
Molecules have enough energy to change position with neighbor
Flows because molecules can move around
Flows like a liquid but can expand or contract to fill a container
Does not hold volume
Molecules are farther apart
Phases of Matter
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
Holds its shape and does not flow
Molecules vibrate in place but don’t move far
Holds its volume but not its shape
Molecules have enough energy to change position with neighbor
Flows because molecules can move around
Flows like a liquid but can expand or contract to fill a container
Does not hold volume
Molecules are farther apart
Matter becomes ionized as electrons are broken loose from atoms
January 22, 2013�Objectives:
-Understand thermodynamics and what temperature means in terms of the molecular state of matter.
-Understand how temperature is related to molecular movement by writing, drawing and describing a day in the life of a water molecule.
-Pass back papers and check for missing assignments
�Warm-Up: Classify the following matter; air, carbon dioxide, aluminium, flat soda
Homework Due: Temperature Conversion Practice Worksheet +
Phet Worksheet
Homework Assigned: A day in the life of a water molecule
A Day in the Life of a Water Molecule example� My name is Wally. It’s a lousy name, but it’s who I am. I work all day in a cubicle. My coworkers and I share this cold, frozen rage while we work. We hardly ever move because we have so little energy. I wish I had studied more in school because this job is lame, but I have no other career options. � It’s not the end of the world though because when I’m done with work I dance my face off at the club. I have more energy and I can feel the flow of the music as the crowd moves like a liquid. I feel like I have more energy. I move so much more, and I feel warmer than I do in my cubicle. � On the weekends I go running by myself in the mountains. I move much faster and feel even hotter. I rarely run into any other water molecules. I like having my own space. It’s as if I were heated by the sun evaporating away from all the other water molecules. ��Now make up your own story and include pictures of each state of matter. � � ����
A Day in the Life of a Water Molecule Requirements� �Must include:
-description of molecular motion as a solid, liquid and gas in words and/or in pictures.
-must include when the temperature changes
-the more creative the better
It can be a story, a comic book, a poem, a song, a wrap, a skit, a video as long as it shows that you understand how matter is as a solid, a liquid and a gas.
�� � ����
�
As more energy is applied to matter��� � ����
Intermolecular forces are overcome and the matter starts to break apart.
January 23/24, 2013�Objectives:
-Prepare, present and turn in the Day in the Life of a Water Molecule project.
-Understand the difference between a physical property and a chemical property
�Warm-Up: What is the difference between a physical and a chemical property?
Homework Due: A Day in the Life of a Water Molecule
Homework Assigned: None
Water Molecule Rubric
| 10 | 8 | 3 |
Drawings/Action of Phases of Matter | Drawings/Actions are detailed/colorful and clearly illustrate solid, liquid and gas phases | Drawings/Actions are ok, but it is not clear what phase of matter they are or some phases are not drawn | Drawings/Actions are unclear or missing |
Description | Clear, creative language is used to describe the phases of matter including complete sentences | Description uses complete sentences, but understanding of phases is not clear | Descriptions are not in complete sentences and are missing key ideas |
Boiling point and Melting point | Boiling/Condensation point and Melting/Freezing point are both stated for water in both Celsius and Fahrenheit | Boiling/Condensation point and Melting/Freezing point are mentioned, but only in one temperature scale | Boiling/Condensation point and/or Melting/Freezing point are missing |
Remember, I will offer more points for creative effort.
Properties of Matter
Physical Property
Characteristics that you can observe directly.
Properties of Matter
Physical Property
Characteristics that you can observe directly.
Examples: color, texture, density, brittleness, and phase (solid, liquid or gas)
Properties of Matter
Physical Property
Chemical Property
Characteristics that you can observe directly.
Examples: color, texture, density, brittleness, and phase (solid, liquid or gas)
Characteristics that can only be observed when one substance changes into a different substance.
Properties of Matter
Physical Property
Chemical Property
Characteristics that you can observe directly.
Examples: color, texture, density, brittleness, and phase (solid, liquid or gas)
Characteristics that can only be observed when one substance changes into a different substance.
Examples: Iron reacting with oxygen to form rust. Sodium reacting with water to form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
Physical vs Chemical Change
Physical Change
change in size, shape or phase of matter
identity of the substance does not change
easy to reverse
Physical vs Chemical Change
Physical Change
Chemical Change
Change in size, shape or phase of matter
Identity of the substance does not change
Easy to reverse
When one substance transforms into another substance
Not easy to reverse
Physical vs Chemical Change
Physical Change
Chemical Change
Evidence
Change in size, shape or phase of matter
Identity of the substance does not change
Easy to reverse
When one substance transforms into another substance
Not easy to reverse
There is a change in energy
If it bubbles, turns cloudy (forms a precipitate), changes color or changes temperature without an outside heat source a chemical reaction has occurred.
January 15, 2014�Objectives:
-Understand how phase change occurs by doing the Phase Changing Chocolate Lab
�Warm-Up: Get a lab handout and and answer the 3 pre-lab questions.
Homework Due: Converting fahrenheit and celsius temperatures
Homework Assigned: Phase Changing Chocolate Lab
January 15, 2014�Objectives:
-Understand how phase change occurs by doing the Phase Changing Chocolate Lab
�Warm-Up: Get a lab handout and and answer the 3 pre-lab questions.
Homework Due: Converting fahrenheit and celsius temperatures
Homework Assigned: Phase Changing Chocolate Lab
Phase Changing Chocolate Lab � Person A: Get sensor. Plug in probe to ch-1.
Person B: Get a beaker and get enough ice to cover the bottom. Fill 3/4 full of water. Add salt.
Person C: Clean test tube very well
Person D: Get chocolate and carefully shake it to the bottom of the test tube.
� � ����
January 28, 2013�Objectives:
-Use google spreadsheet to create a graph of data from the Phase Changing Chocolate Lab
�Warm-Up: Get out the Phase Changing Chocolate Lab. Do you see any patterns in your data? What would be an easier way to find any patterns?
Homework Due: None
Homework Assigned: Phase Changing Chocolate Lab Graph.
(Share it with Mr. Mattys eric.mattys@bvsd.org)
Test Friday!
Phase Changing Chocolate Lab Graph� 1. Open your Google Drive.
2. Click Create. (on the top left)
3. Click Spreadsheet.
4. Label Column A Time.
5. Enter all the times you used.
6. Label Column B Temp in Ice.
7. Enter your ice temperatures.
8. Label Column C Temp in Tap.
9. Enter your tap temperatures.
10. Near the top right, click insert chart.
11. Make the chart so that the time is on the x-axis and the temp is on the y-axis with two lines for ice temp and tap temp. Ask for help if you get stuck.
12. Share your spreadsheet with Mr. Mattys by clicking Share at the very top right. eric.mattys@bvsd.org
� � ����
January 29, 2013�Objectives:
-Understand heating and cooling curves by completing a worksheet and looking at our graphs from yesterday.
�Warm-Up: What happens to the temperature of a substance when it changes phase?
Homework Due: Phase Changing Chocolate Graph
(Share it with Mr. Mattys eric.mattys@bvsd.org)
Homework Assigned: Heating/Cooling Curve worksheet
Test Friday!
�
As more energy is applied to matter��� � ����
Intermolecular forces are overcome and the matter starts to break apart.
After completing the Heating/Cooling Curve Worksheet take a look at the graphs from some of your fellow students.�
� � ����
After completing the Heating/Cooling Curve Worksheet take a look at the graphs from some of your fellow students.�
� � ����
After completing the Heating/Cooling Curve Worksheet take a look at the graphs from some of your fellow students. What patterns can you see?�
� � ����
After completing the Heating/Cooling Curve Worksheet take a look at the graphs from some of your fellow students. What patterns can you see?�
� � ����
January 30/31, 2013�Objectives:
- Turn in any missing assignments
- Jenga Review
- Write and submit extra credit questions
�Warm-Up: Check the board for any missing assignments
Homework Due: Heating/Cooling Curve Worksheet
Phase Changing Chocolate Graph
(Share it with Mr. Mattys eric.mattys@bvsd.org)
Homework Assigned:
Test Tomorrow! STUDY!!!
February 1, 2013�Objectives:
- TEST TODAY!!
�Warm-Up: Get out your notes and think of any questions you might have before the test. (We will spend the first five minutes of class reviewing.)
Homework Due: Any missing assignments
Homework Assigned: None
February 4, 2013�Objectives:
- New Seating Chart
- Go over and grade tests
- Start thinking about atomic structure
�Warm-Up: What is an atom made of? What charge does each part have?
Homework Due: Any missing assignments
Homework Assigned: None
Atomic Structure
Electric Charge
Property of all matter
Either positive or negative
February 5, 2013�Objectives:
- Read about and understand the structure of atoms by completing and presenting information from a guided reading.
�Warm-Up: Draw what you think an atom might look like. Include the charge
Homework Due: Any missing assignments
Homework Assigned: Chapt 14-1 Guided Reading
Atomic Structure
Electrons
Protons
Neutrons
Have a negative charge
Float around the nucleus
Have a positive charge
Found in the nucleus
1,836 times as big as electrons
Have no charge
Found in the nucleus
1,839 times as big as electrons
What holds the atom together?
Strong Nuclear Force
Electromagnetic Force
Holds the positively charged nucleus together
The attraction between opposite charges
positive protons and negative electrons
How do we know?
JJ Thomson
1897
Ernest Rutherford and friends
1911
electrified gas gives off negatively charged particles => discovered ELECTRONS
shot positively charged particles at gold foil
-expected the particles to be
deflected as they tore through
-most particles passed through
WITHOUT deflection
-some bounced back!
-INFERENCE: most of the positive
charge must be in one tiny area
-Area where positive charge is
concentrated = NUCLEUS
How are atoms of each element different?
Atomic Number
Mass Number
Number of protons in the nucleus
Tells what element the atom is
Number of protons plus number of neutrons
What makes an atom complete?
Complete (Neutral) Atoms
Ions
Equal number of protons and electrons
Electric charge is zero
Have a different number of protons and electrons
Have an electric charge
Not complete
Positive Ions = more protons than electrons
Negative Ions = more electrons than protons
What is Radioactivity?
Radioactive
Isotope
A nucleus is radioactive if it spontaneously breaks up and emits particles or energy
Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons
-Same number of protons and electrons
-Different number of neutrons
Carbon-14 is radioactive because it has an unstable nucleus.
February 6/7, 2013�Objectives:
- Finish Guided Reading
- Build atoms using the Phet simulation
- Become familiar with ptable.com
- Answer questions about the simulation and the periodic table
�Warm-Up: Which is stronger: the electromagnetic force or the strong nuclear force? Look at your guided reading or page 317 in your book.
Homework Due: Chapter 14-1 Guided Reading
Homework Assigned: Periodic Table Scavenger Hunt and PhET Activity
February 8, 2013�Objectives:
- Go over the Phet Activity and the Periodic Table Scavenger Hunt
- Students will be able to draw the first 20 elements including the atomic number, the symbol and the electron configuration.
�Warm-Up: Draw a complete Helium atom. How many protons does it have? How many electrons?
Homework Due: Phet Activity and Periodic Table Scavenger Hunt
Homework Assigned: Electrons in Atoms
What are energy levels?
Energy Levels
First Energy Level
Second Energy Level
Third Energy Level
Fourth Energy Level
Places where a certain number of electrons can exist
Has 2 electrons
Has 8 electrons
Has 8 electrons also
Has 18 electrons
What you should be doing:� 1. Read page 326 in your book� 2. Get an electrons in atoms worksheet�� 3. Draw the first 20 atoms with the correct number of electrons in the energy level. Include the name of the element, the letter abbreviation and the atomic number. � Energy Levels� 1st = 2 electrons� 2nd = 8 electrons� 3rd = 8 electrons� 4th = 18 electrons� The back of the textbook has a periodic table.��� � ����
February 11, 2013�Objectives:
- Review for Quiz
- Questions p321 1-9
p330 Vocabulary 1-8 and Concepts 1-10
�Warm-Up: How was Rutherford's model of the atom different from Thomson's model of the atom?
Homework Due: Phet Activity and Periodic Table Scavenger Hunt and Electrons in Atoms Worksheet
Homework Assigned: QUIZ TOMORROW!!!
Review Questions:� 1. Which of the following � 2. �� 3. Draw the first 20 atoms with the correct number of electrons in the energy level. Include the name of the element, the letter abbreviation and the atomic number. � Energy Levels� 1st = 2 electrons� 2nd = 8 electrons� 3rd = 8 electrons� 4th = 18 electrons� The back of the textbook has a periodic table.��� � ����
February 12, 2013�Objectives:
- Quiz
- Grade Quiz (if time allows)
�Warm-Up: Do you have any questions before the quiz?
Homework Due: Phet Activity and Periodic Table Scavenger Hunt and Electrons in Atoms Worksheet
Homework Assigned: None
February 13/14, 2013�Objectives:
- Be able to find atomic number, mass number and charge of an atom
- Be able to explain the difference between mass number and atomic mass
�Warm-Up: What is the difference between atomic mass and mass number?
Homework Due: Phet Activity and Periodic Table Scavenger Hunt and Electrons in Atoms Worksheet
Homework Assigned: Making atoms packet
Mass Number vs Atomic Mass
Mass Number
Atomic Mass
Number of protons + Number of Neutrons
Average mass of all the known isotopes of an element
To find the most common isotope for an element, round the atomic mass to the nearest whole number
February 20, 2013�Objectives:
- Understand the connection between atomic energy levels and the colors we see
- Different elements have different emission spectra
�Warm-Up: What are the colors of the color spectrum? Why and how do we see different colors?
Homework Due: Making Atoms Packet
Homework Assigned: Explain how light works to a family member
Photons smack electrons all the time
Energy Levels
Different distances from the nucleus where electrons can exist.
Electron has low energy.
Photon hits the electron, and the electron jumps to a higher energy level.
Electron goes back to the ground state, and when it does it releases another packet of light energy with a specific color
Some photons pack more punch
Photons
A form of pure light energy
Have no mass
Amount of energy determines the color
Red light is low energy
Violet light is high energy
R O Y G B I V
How do we know this actually happens?
Spectral Lines
Spectroscope
Emission
Spectrum
Bright colored lines in a spectroscope
A device that separates light into a spectrum
The characteristic colors of light given off or absorbed by an element
When different elements are excited and give off electrons, different spectral lines appear in the spectroscope.
Visible light is only part of all the types of electromagnetic waves
What should your emission spectra look like?
What is diffraction grating?
February 21, 2013�Objectives:
- Play the lasers and photons card game
�Warm-Up: Explain how an electron goes from the ground state to the excited state. What happens when the electron goes back to the ground state?
Homework Due: Making Atoms Packet
Homework Assigned: Photons and Lasers questions
February 22, 2013�Objectives:
- Predict the structure of the atom
- Understand the different models of the atom
�Warm-Up: Get a netbook and open the Phet Models of Hydrogen simulation.
Homework Due: Making Atoms Packet
Homework Assigned: Photons and Lasers questions
Questions:� 1. Based on what you see in the Phet Model of the Atom simulation
� a. What do you think the atom would look like �� b. Does the billiard ball model match what the experimental model shows?
c. Does the Plum Pudding model match what the experimental model shows?
d. How is the de Broglie model different from the Schrodinger model?��� � ����
February 25, 2013�Objectives:
- Notebook Check
- Check for missing assignments
- Pass back old papers�Warm-Up: Get out your notebook and make sure you have the following items:
1. Spectroscope questions
2. Photons and lasers questions
3. Phet Models of Hydrogen questions. (I will come around and grade these)
Are you missing assignments? Make sure you have turned everything in.
Homework Due: Notebook Questions
Homework Assigned: STUDY FOR TEST!!!!!!
February 26, 2013�Objectives:
- Turn in missing assignments
- Take and grade Atomic Quiz 2�Warm-Up: Get out your notebook and ask any questions you might have before you take the test
Homework Due: Any missing assignments
Homework Assigned: None
February 27/28, 2013�Objectives:
- Compare and contrast characteristics of the periodic table such as groups, periods, metals, metalloids and non-metals by using manipulatives and answering questions. �Warm-Up: Look at the periodic table in the back of your book. Talk to your neighbor and describe any kind of patterns you see.
Homework Due: Any missing assignments
Homework Assigned: None
Q: How is the Periodic Table Organized?
A: increases by atomic number
Q: How is the Periodic Table Organized?
A: It’s also organized by metals, non-metals and metalloids
What you should be doing:� 1. In your group, build the periodic table.�� 2. Elements in the same group are the same color. �� 3. You may need to trade some tiles with other groups in order to complete the table. �� 4. After you build the table I will give you a set of questions about the table.� � 5. Answer the questions from the worksheet.
6. Color your periodic table by group (like the periodic table in the back of your book) � � The back of the textbook has a periodic table with colors that match the tiles.��� � ����
March 1, 2013�Objectives:
- Compare and contrast traits of the periodic table such as groups and periods and create your own periodic table of awesome with its own levels of organization. �Warm-Up: How would you organize the periodic table? What makes sense about how it is set up? What doesn't make sense? How would you change it?
Homework Due: Any missing assignments
Homework Assigned: Periodic Table of Awesome
Groups of the Periodic Table
Periods of the Periodic Table
1st energy level; holds 2 electrons; has 2 elements
2nd energy level; holds 8 electrons; has 8 elements
3rd energy level; holds 8 electrons; has 8 elements
4th energy level; holds 18 electrons; has 18 elements
Q: How is the Periodic Table Organized?
Is there a pattern in the way these elements bond?
A: According to how they combine with other atoms.
Q: How is the Periodic Table Organized?
Is there a pattern in the way these elements combine?
How do these elements relate to the periodic table?
A: According to how they combine with other atoms.
Q: How is the Periodic Table Organized?
Is there a pattern in the way these elements combine?
How do these elements relate to the periodic table?
A: According to how they combine with other atoms.
Periodic Table of Awesome: Music Bands
Northwest Indie Rock | Indie Rock | Hip Hop | Old School | |
Deerhoof | Melody's Echo Chamber | Atmosphere | Jimi Hendrix | |
Acetone | Tame Impala | Jurassic 5 | The Doors | |
Elliott Smith | Grizzly Bear | Ice Cube | The Kinks | |
Nirvana | St. Vincent | Snoop Dogg | Muddy Waters | |
Pavement | Atlas Sound | Wu Tang Clan | Howlin' Wolf | |
Pixies | Sonic Youth | Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five | Robert Johnson | |
| | | | |
Older Groups
Newer Groups
March 4/5/6, 2013�Objectives:
- Element research project �Warm-Up: What element would you like to know more about?
Homework Due: Periodic Table of Awesome
Homework Assigned: Element Research Project Due next Monday
March 8, 2013�Objectives:
- Element research project should be mostly finished by the end of class.
- Use your own resources and resources in the class to create a cereal box, t-shirt, superhero, song or poem using the information you found about your element. �
Homework Due: Periodic Table of Awesome
Homework Assigned: Element Research Project Guide
YOUR PROJECT IS DUE FIRST THING ON MONDAY
March 11, 2013�Objectives:
- Element Research Gallery Walk
- Explain concepts such as mass number, average atomic mass, charge, protons, neutrons, electrons and isotopes by presenting, sharing and looking at element research projects. �
Homework Due: Element Research Project due at the start of class.
Homework Assigned: None
March 12/13, 2013�Objectives:
- Element Research Gallery Walk
- Explain concepts such as mass number, average atomic mass, charge, protons, neutrons, electrons and isotopes by presenting, sharing and looking at element research projects. �
Homework Due: Element
Research Project due at the start of class.
Homework Assigned:
None
March 14, 2013�Objectives:
- Define and practice using the concept of valence electrons by taking notes and predicting the number of valence electrons for different elements.
�WARM UP: Which electrons determine how bonds will be formed?
Homework Due: None
Homework Assigned: Finish the chart predicting the number of valence electrons
Valence Electrons
Valence Electron
electrons in the highest, unfilled energy level of an atom
Chemical bonds are formed only between valence electrons
Electrons in the inner shells are shielded by the valence electrons
Why do bonds form?
Bonds form because
All elements except the Noble Gases are unstable by themselves.
Atoms are more stable and have lower energy when they bond
Complete the chart below:��� � ����
Element | Atomic # | Valence Electrons | Unoccupied Spaces in outermost level |
Hydrogen | | | |
Helium | | | |
Lithium | | | |
Fluorine | | | |
Neon | | | |
Sodium | | | |
Chlorine | | | |
Argon | | | |
Beryllium | | | |
Nitrogen | | | |
March 15, 2013�Objectives:
- Define and practice using the concept of ions and charge electrons by taking notes and predicting the oxidation number for different elements.
- Compare and contrast ionic bonding and covalent bonding by completing a graphic organizer�WARM UP: How many valence electrons does Sodium have? Magnesium? Fluorine? Oxygen?
Homework Due: None
Homework Assigned: Chapter 16 Guided Questions
What is an ion?
Ion
Two Types of Ions
Cation
Anion
-An atom or group of atoms that have lost or gained electron(s)
-Ions are charged atoms
-Loses electrons – has a positive charge
-Examples- Li1+, Be2+, Na1+, Mg2+, K1+, Ca2+
-On the left side of the periodic table
-Gains electrons – has a negative charge
-Examples- F1-, Cl1-, Br1-, I1-, O2-
-On the right side of the periodic table
How do you find the charge of an ion?
1.
2.
Does it want to gain or lose electrons to have a full or empty valence shell?
-wants to gain electrons = negative charge
-wants to lose electrons = positive charge
How many electrons does it want to gain or lose?
- this tells the charge number
Two Types of Chemical Bonds
| Ionic Bonds | Covalent Bonds |
Electrons | -One atom takes an electron the other one gives an electron | - Atoms share electrons |
What forms? | Ionic compounds | Molecules |
Way to remember | -“I” take electrons | “Co” cooperate share electrons |
Periodic Table relationship | - Usually forms with a metal and a non-metal | Usually both atoms are non-metals |
Example | | |
March 18, 2013�Objectives:
- Define and practice using the octet rule and lewis dot diagrams by taking notes and predicting the way atoms form bonds.
- New Seats
�WARM UP: Why do atoms form bonds?
Homework Due: None
Homework Assigned: Dot Diagrams worksheet
Lewis Dot Structures
Lewis Dot Structures
Octet Rule
-Tell the number of valence electrons an atom has
-Help us visualize how bonding happens
-To draw a Lewis dot diagram place dots in pairs around the atom symbol
-Most atoms need to have 8 electrons around them in order to be stable
-Hydrogen wants 2 electrons
March 19, 2013�Objectives:
- Movie: Hunting the Elements
- Grade check
�WARM UP: Are you missing any assignments?
Homework Due: Dot Diagrams worksheet
Homework Assigned: TEST Friday
March 20/21, 2013�Objectives:
- Jenga Review
- Jeopardy Review
�WARM UP: Do you have all the notes from the last few weeks? If you don't, ask a neighbor. You want to have your notes for FRIDAY'S TEST!
Homework Due: Any missing assignments
Homework Assigned: Review Questions
TEST FRIDAY
April 2, 2013�Objectives:
- Classify compounds as ionic or covalent
- Practice using the criss-cross method of finding chemical formulas
�WARM UP: How can we find out if a compound is ionic or covalent?
Homework Due: Dot Diagrams worksheet
Homework Assigned: criss cross worksheet
Is it ionic or covalent?
Step 1:
-What elements are in the compound?
CaCl2
Is it ionic or covalent?
Step 1:
Step 2:
-What elements are in the compound?
CaCl2
-Calcium and Chlorine
-Are the elements metals or non-metals?
Calcium =
Chlorine =
Is it ionic or covalent?
Step 1:
Step 2:
Step 3:
-What elements are in the compound?
CaCl2
-Calcium and Chlorine
-Are the elements metals or non-metals?
Calcium = metal
Chlorine = non-metal
metal + non-metal = ionic
non-metal + non-metal = covalent
CaCl2 = ionic
Finding the chemical formula of ions
Step 1:
- What is the charge on each part of the ion?
Na+CO3-2
Na =
CO3=
Finding the chemical formula of ions
Step 1:
Step 2:
Step 3:
- What is the charge on each part of the ion?
Na+CO3-2
Na = +1
(CO3)= -2
- Criss-cross the charges
Rewrite the formula
Na2(CO3)1 (if the number is 1 you don't have to write it)
April 3/4, 2013�Objectives:
- Identify and experiment with ionic and covalent compounds by using laboratory tools such as bunsen burners and multimeters to find melting points, solubility and conductivity.
- Practice safe laboratory techniques.
�WARM UP: Read through the lab handout and make a hypothesis about which compounds will have high or low conductivity, solubility and melting point. (Hint: What you have learned about covalent and ionic bonds. How will they react differently?)
Homework Due: Criss Cross Worksheet
Homework Assigned: Post-Lab Questions
April 5, 2013�Objectives:
- Test Corrections
�WARM UP:
Homework Due: Ionic/Covalent Bonds Lab, Criss Cross Worksheet, Dot Diagram Worksheet
Homework Assigned: Test Corrections
April 8, 2013�Objectives:
- Define the meaning of superscript and subscript while understanding how they are used in chemical formulas
- Practice showing how covalent bonds form.
�WARM UP: What kind of bond is CH4? How will the electrons look for this molecule? What rule should each atom follow?
Homework Due: Ionic/Covalent Bonds Lab, Criss Cross Worksheet, Dot Diagram Worksheet, Test Corrections
Homework Assigned: Covalent bonding worksheet Number of Atoms in a Formula
April 9, 2013�Objectives:
- Practice showing how covalent bonds form.
- Define reactant, product and coefficient.
- Practice balancing equations in the computer lab using the phet balancing chemical equation simulation
�WARM UP: Get out the homework from yesterday. Check with your neighbor to see if you came up with the same structures for each molecule.
Homework Due: Covalent bonding worksheet Number of Atoms in a Formula
Homework Assigned: Balancing Chemical Equations
April 10/11, 2013�Objectives:
- Trash Ball Review
�WARM UP: As you move down in the periodic table, do alkali metals become more or less reactive? Video
Homework Due: Balancing Chemical Equations + Covalent Bonding Worksheet
Homework Assigned: STUDY for the Quiz!! Quiz Friday! 30 summative points. No notes! But you can use the periodic table.
What you should know for the quiz
Know these topics without your notes!
Characteristics of ionic and covalent bonds
How to find the valence electrons
How to find the total electrons
What are ions
Is it a metal or a non-metal?
How many atoms are in the formula?
How many electrons will an atom gain or lose to become stable?
Criss-Cross Method
Draw the dot structure for molecules and draw their covalent bonds.
Two Types of Chemical Bonds
| Ionic Bonds | Covalent Bonds |
Electrons | -One atom takes an electron the other one gives an electron | - Atoms share electrons |
What forms? | Ionic compounds | Molecules |
Way to remember | -“I” take electrons | “Co” cooperate share electrons |
Periodic Table relationship | - Usually forms with a metal and a non-metal | Usually both atoms are non-metals |
Example | | |
Lewis Dot Structures
Lewis Dot Structures
Octet Rule
-Tell the number of valence electrons an atom has
-Help us visualize how bonding happens
-To draw a Lewis dot diagram place dots in pairs around the atom symbol
-Most atoms need to have 8 electrons around them in order to be stable
-Hydrogen wants 2 electrons
What is an ion?
Ion
Two Types of Ions
Cation
Anion
-An atom or group of atoms that have lost or gained electron(s)
-Ions are charged
-Loses electrons – has a positive charge
-Examples- Li1+, Be2+, Na1+, Mg2+, K1+, Ca2+
-On the left side of the periodic table
-Gains electrons – has a negative charge
-Examples- F1-, Cl1-, Br1-, I1-, O2-
-On the right side of the periodic table
April 5, 2012�Objectives: � Predict whether a compound is ionic or covalent
Understand chemical formulas with polyatomic ions.�Warm-Up: How can we tell the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond? See page 363��HW Due: Writing Binary Formulas worksheet (if not finished in class)�HW Assigned: Formulas with Polyatomic ions� �
What is oxidation number?
Oxidation Number
(most common oxidation numbers are written on the periodic table above group)
-Tells the charge on an atom when it gains or loses electrons during ionic bonding
-written as a superscript
Atom | Electrons gained or lost | Oxidation Number | How it is written |
K | loses 1 | 1+ | K1+ |
Mg | loses 2 | 2+ | Mg2+ |
Al | loses 3 | 3+ | Al3+ |
P | gains 3 | 3- | P3- |
Se | gains 2 | 2- | Se2- |
Br | gains 1 | 1- | Br1- |
Finding the chemical formula of ions
Step 1:
Step 2:
Step 3:
- What is the charge on each part of the ion?
Na+CO3-2
Na = +1
(CO3)= -2
- Criss-cross the charges
Rewrite the formula
Na2(CO3)1 (if the number is 1 you don't have to write it)
April 12, 2013�Objectives:
- Quiz
- Grade Quiz
- Chemistry and Physics Videos
�WARM UP: Do you have any questions before we take the quiz?
Homework Due: Do you have any missing assignments?
Homework Assigned: None
April 15, 2013�Objectives:
- Define reactants, products and chemical reactions
- Be able to balance simple chemical reactions�WARM UP: What is a chemical reaction? How do we know a chemical reaction has occurred?
Homework Due: Do you have any missing assignments?
Homework Assigned: Balancing Chemical Equations
Q: How do we know a chemical reaction happened?
A:
If it bubbles, turns cloudy (forms a precipitate), changes color or changes temperature
What is a Chemical Reaction?
Chemical Reaction
-the breaking of chemical bonds in one or more substances and the reforming of new bonds to create new substances
-it's a lot like an algebra equation
What is a Chemical Reaction?
Chemical Reaction
-the breaking of chemical bonds in one or more substances and the reforming of new bonds to create new substances
Reactants Products
What is a Chemical Reaction?
Chemical Reaction
Reactants
Products
-the breaking of chemical bonds in one or more substances and the reforming of new bonds to create new substances
Reactants Products
what you have at the beginning
what you have at the end
Q: Is this chemical reaction balanced?
Chemical Reaction
A:
Q:
A:
-the breaking of chemical bonds in one or more substances and the reforming of new bonds to create new substances
Reactants Products
No.
Does it need to be balanced?
Yes!
April 16, 2013�Objectives:
- Be able to balance simple chemical reactions�WARM UP: Think of a problem you see in your everyday life. How could you solve this problem? Write down your ideas in your notebook.
Homework Due: Balancing Chemical Equations
Homework Assigned: None
Q: How can we solve a problem?
Think of a problem you see in your everyday life.
How could you solve this problem?
Write down your ideas in your notebook and share them with your neighbor.
Q: How can we solve a problem?
C2H6 + O2 CO2 + H2O
Step 1:
Step 2:
Step 3:
Step 4:
Step 5:
Step 6:
Understand the parts. What atoms are in the reaction?
Define the problem. Is the reaction balanced?
Make a system that simplifies the problem. Make a chart with all the elements in the reaction telling how many atoms there are on the reactants and products side of the equation.
Solve the problem. Balance the equation by changing the coefficients
Share your system and charge people who don't have the time to solve their own problem. Help your neighbor.
Huge Profit$$$. You can apply problem solving skills to anything in your life. The more difficult the problem the more rewarding the solution (the more money you're likely to make).
Rules in Balancing Equations
Unbalanced: C2H6 + O2 -----> CO2 + H2O
1.
2.
3.
You can't break apart the molecules in the reactants and products side of the equations. You can't split up C2H6 into CH3 and CH3. This would be a different chemical reaction than the one shown.
You can't change the subscripts (the little numbers below each atom. Subscripts tell the number of atoms of each type in a molecule)
You can only change the coefficients (the numbers in front of the molecules that tell how many molecule there are)
Balanced: 2C2H6 + 7O2 -----> 4 CO2 + 6H2O
How do we go from
Unbalanced: C2H6 + O2 -----> CO2 + H2O
to
Balanced:
C2H6 + O2 -----> CO2 + H2O
Reactants Products
C = 2 C = 1
H = 6 H = 2
O = 2 O = 3
2C2H6 + O2 -----> CO2 + H2O
Reactants Products
C = 4 C = 1
H = 12 H = 2
O = 2 O = 3
2C2H6 + O2 -----> CO2 + 6H2O
Reactants Products
C = 4 C = 1
H = 12 H = 12
O = 2 O = 8
How do we go from
Unbalanced: C2H6 + O2 -----> CO2 + H2O
to
Balanced:
2C2H6 + O2 -----> 4CO2 + 6H2O
Reactants Products
C = 4 C = 4
H = 12 H = 12
O = 2 O = 14
2C2H6 + 7O2 -----> 4CO2 + 6H2O
Reactants Products
C = 4 C = 4
H = 12 H = 12
O = 14 O = 14
BALANCED!!!! VICTORY!!!!
April 17/18, 2013�Objectives:
- Define the law of conservation of mass and perform an experiment to see if it is true. �WARM UP: Balance the following chemical equation by changing the coefficients:
__CO2 + __H2O --> __C6H12O6 + __O2
(Super mega bonus points and a warrior buck to anyone who can tell me the name of this reaction and what kind of organisms use it.)
Homework Due: Balancing Chemical Equations
(If not finished I will collect it on Monday)
Homework Assigned: Finish the Conservation of Mass Lab
Q: What is the conservation of mass?
A: Law of Conservation of Mass
-the total mass of reactants always equals the total mass of the products.
-Antoine Lavoisier came up with this based on his closed system experiments.
April 22, 2013�Objectives:
Go over Chemistry Lab
Types of Chemical Reactions
Classify Chemical Reactions
More balancing equations practice�Warm-Up: How are these two reactions different?
4Fe + 3O2 ---> 2Fe2O3
2HgO ---> 2Hg + O2
How are these two different?
Fe + CuCl2 ---> FeCl2 + Cu
FeS + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2S
By examining these differences we can classify different types of reactions.
�HW Due: None �HW Assigned: Balancing Equations� �
How are these two reactions different?
4Fe + 3O2 ----> 2Fe2O3
2HgO -----> 2Hg + O2
Do the reactants or products have larger compounds?
How are these two different?
Fe + CuCl2 -----> FeCl2 + Cu
FeS + 2HCl -----> FeCl2 + H2S
What changes from products to reactants?
�� �
Five Types of Chemical Reactions
Composition/
Synthesis
Decomposition
Single Displacement
Double Displacement
Combustion
A + B ----> AB
CD ----> C + D
EF + G ----> GF + E
HI + JK ----> HK + JI
CY + O2 ----> CO2 + YO
Composition/Synthesis Reactions
Composition/
Synthesis
Example
Defining Feature
A + B ----> AB
Two elements combine to form a more complex compound.
2Na + Cl2 ----> 2NaCl
Only one substance in the products
Decomposition Reactions
Decomposition
Example
Defining Feature
CD ----> C + D
A single compound breaks down into the elements that compose that compound
2H2O ----> 2H2 + O2
Only one substance in the reactants
Single Displacement Reactions
Single Displacement
Example
Defining Feature
EF + G ----> GF + E
An element of one compound is removed and replaced by a different element
3CuCl2 + 2Al ----> 2AlCl3 + 3Cu
One element and one compound on both sides of the reaction.
Double Displacement Reactions
Double Displacement
Example
Defining Feature
HI + JK -----> HK + JI
-Ionic bonds are broken in both compounds
-Ions recombine in opposite order
Pb(NO3)2 + K2CrO4 -----> PbCrO4 + 2KNO3
Two compounds on both sides of the equation
Combustion Reactions
Combustion Reaction
Example
Defining Feature
CY + O2 ----> CO2 + YO
-An element or compound reacts with oxygen to form a flame and oxides
2CH4 + 4O2 ----> 2CO2 + 4H2O
Oxygen (O2) is one of the reactants. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the products.
April 24, 2013�Objectives:
- Find missing assignments and turn them in�WARM UP: What would it look like if a wet wash cloth were wrung out in zero gravity? Video
Homework Due: Any missing assignments
Homework Assigned: Finish the Balancing Equations Worksheet
April 25, 2013�Objectives:
- Review for Quiz tomorrow�WARM UP: Balance and classify the following reaction:
__CuCl2 + __Al ---> __AlCl3 + __Cu
Get a partner and prepare for a review game.
Homework Due: Any missing assignments
Homework Assigned: Study for the quiz! BRING YOUR NOTES!!
Review Problems: Balance and classify the following chemical reaction
__Fe + __O2 ----> __Fe2O3
�� �
Review Problems: Balance and classify the following chemical reaction
__FeS + __HCl -----> __FeCl2 + __H2S
�� �
Review Problems: Balance and classify the following chemical reaction
__CH4 + __O2 ----> __CO2 + __H2O
�� �
Review Problems: Balance and classify the following chemical reaction
__H2O ----> __H2 + __O2
�� �
April 29, 2013�Objectives:
- Go over Quiz
- Introduce Harmonic Motion
�WARM UP: In the following reaction: 2NaN3 decomposes to form 2Na + 3N2. If 500 grams of NaN3 decomposes to form 323.20 grams of N2. How much Na is produced?
Homework Due: Any missing assignments
Homework Assigned: None
April 30, 2013�Objectives:
- Go over Quiz
- Introduce Harmonic Motion
�WARM UP: In the following reaction: 2NaN3 decomposes to form 2Na + 3N2. If 500 grams of NaN3 decomposes to form 323.20 grams of N2. How much Na is produced?
Homework Due: Any missing assignments
Homework Assigned: Study for the quiz! BRING YOUR NOTES!!
May 1/2, 2013�Objectives:
- Describe exothermic and endothermic reactions
- Define solutions, solvents and solutes
- Design an experiment to test two different substances.
�WARM UP: Make observations in your notebook about the two substances Mr. Mattys has
Homework Due: Any missing assignments
Homework Assigned: Chapter 19 questions (they are on a slide below if you don't have a book)
Endothermic and Exothermic Examples
Exothermic Reactions
Endothermic Reactions
Endothermic and Exothermic Reactions
Exothermic Reactions
Endothermic Reactions
Releases energy to the outside
Products have less energy than reactants
Energy is absorbed
Products have
more energy
than reactants
Endothermic and Exothermic Examples
Exothermic Reactions
Endothermic Reactions
Releases energy to the outside
Products have less potential energy than reactants
Examples: burning wood
combustion engine
respiration
explosions
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w6cMmk8LZgQ&feature=fvwp&NR=1
Energy is absorbed
Products have more potential energy than reactants
Examples: photosynthesis
Ammonium nitrate and water coldpack
Baking Soda and Vinegar
Refinement of metals
What is a solution and what is it made of?
Solution
Homogenous
Solvent
Solute
-mixture of two or more substances that is homogenous at the molecular level
-the same no matter where you take your sample.
-part of a solution that is in the greatest amount.
example: in salt water, water is the solvent
-any part of a solution that is not the solvent.
example: in salt water, salt is the solute
What is a solution and what is it made of?
Insoluble
Saturated
Super Saturated
- When a solute can't dissolve in a particular solvent
- The solution is completely full.
- It has the most solute that the solvent can dissolve.
-when the solution has more solute than the solvent can dissolve.
-even after stirring, there is solute left at the bottom of the solution
---
Use the table to answer questions on the next slide
38 grams per 100mL can be written as 38 gsalt / 100 mLH2O
-the same no matter where you take your sample.
-part of a solution that is in the greatest amount.
example: in salt water, water is the solvent
-any part of a solution that is not the solvent.
example: in salt water, salt is the solute
Chapter 19 Questions (Show work)
38 grams per 100mL can be written as 38 gsalt / 100 mLH2O
a. How much table salt can dissolve in 50mL of water at 25o C?
b. How much sugar can dissolve in 300mL of water at 25o C?
c. How much water would you need to dissolve about 30 grams of baking soda.
d. You want to make one liter of a sodium nitrate solution at 25oC. How much sodium nitrate would you need to make this solution?
e. In some laboratories, scientists only need to make a few milliliters or less of a solution at a time. For 25oC, how much of each solute would you need to make:
a 1-milliliter saturated solution of sugar?
a 2-milliliter saturated solution of table salt?
a 3-milliliter saturated solution of calcium chloride?
May 3, 2013�Objectives:
- Practice finding solute/solvent concentrations
- Read about acids and bases
�WARM UP: Finish the Chapter 19 questions
Homework Due: Chapter 19 Questions
Homework Assigned: Mass/Volume worksheet
May 6, 2013�Objectives:
- Explain the difference between an acid and a base
�WARM UP: What do you think of when hear the words acid or base? Brainstorm with the person next to you.
Homework Due: Concentration worksheet
Homework Assigned: page 462 questions
Acids and Bases
Acid
Base
-forms hydronium (H3O+) ions in water
-is a proton (H+) donor
-forms hydroxide (OH-) ions in water
-is a proton (H+) acceptor
Understanding Acids and Bases starts with water
-Water can exist as H2O , H3O+ or OH-
-when H3O+ and OH- are balanced the water is neutral.
-when they're not you have an acid or a base
-The pH scale
when pH = 1 it means there is a H3O+ molecule for every 10 regular H2O when pH = 7 it means there is a H3O+ molecule for every 10 milliion regular H2O
May 7, 2013�Objectives:
- Design an experiment that will answer a question you have about acids and bases.
�WARM UP: Explain the difference between an acid and a base using words AND pictures.
Homework Due: Page 462 questions
Homework Assigned: Experimental design
Designing an Experiment
Step 1:
Step 2:
Step 3:
Step 4:
Think of questions you have about acids and bases. Write down five.
Write a scientific hypothesis for the question you think is most interesting.
If (inference: what you think is true) ,
and (method: how will you test it) ,
then (prediction: what you think will happen) .
Write a step-by-step procedure for how you will carry out your experiment.
Write a list of materials you need for your experiment.
Turn it in to Mr. Mattys and we will run the top experiments on block day
May 8/9, 2013�Objectives:
- Run your acid base experiment
�WARM UP: What is a mole when we talk about it in chemistry?
Homework Due: Page 462 questions
Homework Assigned: Experimental design
May 10, 2013�Objectives:
- Quiz
�WARM UP: Get your notes out and get ready to review for the quiz.
Homework Due: Experimental Design
Homework Assigned: Have an awesome weekend
May 14, 2013�Objectives:
- Review and define the key vocabulary for the semester final
�WARM UP: Check out this video GZA from the Wu Tang Clan Raps about Science
Homework Due: Any Missing assignments.
Homework Assigned: Work on project. Review for Final. (This is a link to the vocabulary review sheet.)
May 15/16, 2013�Objectives:
- Check for missing assignments
- Review and define the key vocabulary for the semester final
- Trashketball Review
�WARM UP:
How do you prepare for a final?
Homework Due: Any Missing assignments.
Homework Assigned: Work on project. Review for Final. (This is a link to the vocabulary review sheet.)
May 17, 2013�Objectives:
- Present Science Vocabulary Projects
- Trashketball Review
1 7:30 - 8:17 47 minutes
2 8:22 - 9:09 47 minutes
ADVISORY 9:14 - 9:49 35 minutes
3 9:53 - 10:40 47 minutes
4 10:45 - 11:32 47 minutes
5 11:37 - 12:24 47 minutes
6 12:29 - 1:16 47 minutes
7 1:21 - 2:08 47 minutes
8 2:13 - 3:00 47 minutes�WARM UP:
How do you prepare for a final?
Homework Due: Any Missing assignments.
Homework Assigned: Work on project. Review for Final. (This is a link to the vocabulary review sheet.)
Conclusion/Discussion: Complete Sentences
1
2
3
4
Explain how the data confirms or refutes your hypothesis.
What did you learn from this experiment?
Explain any sources of error you may have had in your experiment. How could you improve your method.
What new experiments (related to the one you did today) would you like to try in the future?
When you're finished turn in and staple together:
Your experimental design
Your data table/results
Your conclusion/discussion
Formula Mass vs Molar Mass
Formula Mass
Molar Mass
One Mole
-atomic mass of each atom in a compound
-measured in atomic mass units (amu)
-Tells the mass of one mole of a compound
-measured in grams
-contains 6.02x1023 atoms or molecules of a substance
(6.02x1023 is Avogadro's Number)
Let's find the molar mass of water
H2O
Formula Mass
Molar Mass
16.00amu+2.02amu=18.02amu
16.00g+2.02g=18.02g
So 6.02x1023 molecules (= 1 Mole) of water have a mass of 18.02 grams
Type of Atom | Number of Atoms | Mass of Atom | Total Mass of Atom |
Hydrogen | 2 | 1.01 amu | 1.01x2=2.02 |
Oxygen | 1 | 16.00 amu | 16.00x1=16.00 |
Molarity
Molarity
-the moles of solute per liter of solution
-a different way to measure concentration
What is the pH of 3M Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)?
3M = 3 Moles / 1 L of H2O
1 L of H2O = 1000 g of H2O
3 Moles x 6.02x1023 = 18.06x1023 molecules of (HCl)
We can use this number as our H3O+ concentration
18.02 gH2O= 6.02x1023 molecules of H2O
1000gH2Og = x molecules of H2O ----> x = 334x1023
18.06x1023 H3O+/ 334x1023 H2O = .054 --> log(.054) = -1.67
pH of 3M Hydrochloric Acid = 1.67
April 5, 2012�Objectives: � Predict whether a compound is ionic or covalent
Understand chemical formulas with polyatomic ions.�Warm-Up: How can we tell the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond? See page 363��HW Due: Writing Binary Formulas worksheet (if not finished in class)�HW Assigned: Formulas with Polyatomic ions� �
Electronegativity: How well can an element can attract electrons
Atomic Radius
Atomic radius increases going down a group because it has an increasing number of electrons.
Atomic radius decreases going across a period because the addition of protons pulls the electrons closer to the nucleus
The matter is the same
The original matter can be recovered
Molecules are rearranged
The matter is different
Original matter is no longer present
Bonds of molecules are broken
Mass and radius are not the same thing. Sodium has a larger radius, but Argon is more massive. Argon is more dense.
What is a Polyatomic Ion?
Polyatomic Ion
-An ion that contains more than one type of atom which are covalently bonded