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Bell Ringer

Eisenhower

Khrushchev

Kennedy

Castro

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Bell Ringer – 20-1 Review (page 631)

  1. After World War II, the Soviet government wanted to control Eastern Europe so it could feel secure about its western ____________________.
  2. The Soviet Union responded to the Marshall Plan by founding the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance, or ____________________.
  3. The United States and the Soviet Union built up their armies and weapons in a postwar arms ____________________.
  4. To stop the spread of communism, the United States adopted a policy toward the Soviet Union of ____________________.
  5. The Truman Doctrine was formulated, initially, as a response to the 1946 withdrawal of ___________.

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The Cold War Escalates

Chapter 20, Section 1

continued

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Cuban Missile Crisis

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In 1961, President Kennedy approved a secret plan for Cuban exiles to invade Cuba at the Bay of Pigs and revolt against the Soviet-supported Cuban dictator, Fidel Castro.�

  • The invasion failed.

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The Soviet Union sent arms and military advisers to Cuba.

  • In 1962 Khrushchev began to place nuclear missiles in Cuba to counteract U.S. nuclear weapons placed in Turkey, close to the Soviet Union.
  • In October 1962, President Kennedy found out that Soviet ships carrying nuclear missiles were headed to Cuba.
  • So he ordered a blockade of Cuba to stop the ships from reaching Cuba.

​

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  • Khrushchev agreed to send the ships back and remove nuclear missiles in Cuba if Kennedy agreed not to invade Cuba.
  • Kennedy agreed.
  • The Cuban missile crisis brought the world close to nuclear war.

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Why not just “nuke” them?

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Hydrogen Bomb

  1. Warhead before firing; primary (fission bomb) at top, secondary (fusion fuel) at bottom, all suspended in polystyrene foam.
  2. High-explosive fires in primary, compressing plutonium core into super criticality and beginning a fission reaction.
  3. Fission primary emits X-rays which are scattered along the inside of the casing, irradiating the polystyrene foam.
  4. Polystyrene foam becomes plasma, compressing secondary, and plutonium sparkplug begins to fission.
  5. Compressed and heated, lithium-6 deuteride fuel produces tritium and begins the fusion reaction. The neutron flux produced causes the U-238 tamper to fission. A fireball starts to form.

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Note cards�Directions: Write the term on one side of the note card and the definition on the other.

  • Define
    1. Satellite state
    2. Policy of containment
    3. Arms race
    4. Deterrence
    5. Domino Theory
    6. Dean Acheson
    7. Nikita Krushchev
  • Reading Checks
    • Page 633, 635, 636 (4)