AI Global Index (Tortoise)

Global private investment in Q1 2023 touching $18 billion, with the sector's total market value  surging to over $100 billion.

AI-Enabled Digital Economy

There will be focus on key sectors that enhances social or economic value

There will be emphasis on human-centricity of AI

Singapore will become a global hub for developing, test-bedding, deploying and scaling AI solutions

Vision: By 2030 Singapore will be a leader in developing and deploying scalable, impactful, AI solutions, in key sectors of high value and relevance to our citizens and businesses.

Emphasis on

Deployment

SG’s Model AI Governance Framework

• AI is a “black box” – it is not always possible to explain how or why an AI system reached a particular outcome, and the type of model chosen affects how easily its workings can be explained;

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• AI is self-learning/autonomous – it has the ability to learn from the data it has been exposed to during its training and improve without being explicitly programmed, meaning the behaviour of the AI system is not always foreseeable;

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• AI has many people involved in its development – from procuring the datasets, to training the algorithm, to selecting the algorithm, to monitoring the performance of the algorithm – so who is to blame when the AI output is not as expected or if it causes harm?

Singapore’s Approach to AI Governance

• As Singapore develops its digital economy, a trusted ecosystem is key - one where organizations can benefit from tech innovations while consumers are confident to adopt and use AI. Current efforts focused on AI developers and organizations that deploy AI. Initiatives are broad-based or sector specific

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• Singapore has adopted a balanced approach to facilitate innovation, safeguard consumer interests, and serve as a common global reference point. There is presently no hard law in Singapore governing AI generally, although there are facilitative regulations emerging for specific areas, e.g., autonomous vehicles

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• Singapore has a Governance Framework issued on 23 January 2019 and a second version on 21 January 2020. The are 12 ethical governance principles in the MVP framework: �

AI-Enabled Digital Economy

6. Government & Finance

By 2035, AI in Singapore will account for a gross value of $215 billion. SGTech annual survey reveals that 27% of companies in Singapore adopted disruptive technologies and the use of cloud automation and chatbots have been on the rise; 24.6% are yet to adopt and 6.6% of businesses intend to adopt AI in the next 12 months.

Singapore’s AI Journey -Model AI Gov, Advisory Council, Research

2018

Voluntary Frameworks & Guidelines

PDPC Discussion

Paper

5-Year AI Research

Programme (A Singapore-NTU) $500m invested (Developer communities)- NRF/IMDA

Advisory Council

On Ethical Use of AI and Data

2019

First Model AI Governance

Framework (21 Jan 2019)

• AI are explainable, transparent and fair to consumers; and 
• AI solutions are human-centric.

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Second Model AI Governance

Framework (23 Jan 2020)

AI Makerspace- national platform that helps SMEs and start-ups kick off their AI journey. (Nov, 19)

National AI Strategy

(5 National Projects)

Ranked No 2 Globally for Government AI Readiness Index

Principles to promote fairness, ethics, accountability and transparency (FEAT) in use of AI and Data Analytics in SG’s Financial Sector (MAS, PDPC, IMDA)

2020

2017

AI.SG

(100 Experiments

300 companies,60 Projects)

Digital Services Lab (ESG)-Companies to get AI assistance

AI4I- trained over 4,000 learners (target, 8000), 166 apprentices and AI.SG PhD Programme (industry)

ISAGO (Self-implementation Guide)

Trusted data Sharing Framework

Compendium of

Use Cases

A Guide to Job Redesign in the Age of AI

Founding member

Of Global Partnerships on AI (GPAI)

Centre for AI & Data Governance (SMU)

Road Traffic Act (1961) was amended to provide a regulatory sandbox for the trial and use of autonomous motor vehicles.

C4IR (WEF) and IMDA

Collaboration

• Responsible AI
• Exchange Standards

Singapore’s AI Journey

2021

2022

A.I. Verify - the world’s first AI Governance Testing Framework and Toolkit for companies, 25 May, IMDA/PDPC (available as a minimum viable product –MVP)

A*STAR-EVYD Joint Digital AI Collab, July 2023

2023

S$56 million Hybrid Artificial Intelligence (HAI) programme launched with French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), A*STAR, NTU and NUS (18 Universities), 27 Aug on Smart Cities

National AI Programme in Government

• URA
• Jumpstart (Career)
• Video & Text Analytics systems

NovA!, to help financial institutions assess companies’ environmental impact and identify emerging environmental risks. (MAS)

Veritas, an AI governance framework and toolkit, to help financial institutions to utilise AI responsibly. (MAS)

COSMIC for financial institutions to share information on customers or transactions that cross material risk thresholds, and leverage AI to identify and disrupt illicit networks. (AML)

SELENA

(Diabetic Retinopathy)

120,000 patients, 22 polyclinics

KAKI

Municipal Issues

Reporting

Smart Booking

&IBOX(Logistics)

AISG Education

Programme

55,000 students

70 companies (100E Prog, TESA)

SNDGO and Google Cloud launch of the Artificial Intelligence Government Cloud Cluster (AGCC), May 23

Total of 1.87 billion U.S. dollars in the sector in 2022. Ranked 12th globally for the highest number of AI patent applications (661), 5^th for highest % patent growth.

AISG Awards

For Trusted Media

Challenge(Fake Media)

PET Sandbox

(IMDA, PDPC)

Privacy Enhancing Tech

ChatGPT system for research – as well as draft emails, reports and speeches – to improve productivity of civil servants, Feb 23

2.6b for new Apps

• Speech-to-Text Transcription for Judicial proceedings
• FM for schools to improve water and energy efficiency

AI Trailblazers

100 Generative AI4Innovation Sandboxes in 100 days, July 23

Playbooks

• Public Sector AI
• Data Engineering Initiatives
• Prompt Engineering

ASEAN Guide on AI Governance and Ethics (end 2023)

Advisory Guidelines on the use of personal data on AI systems

SAP Labs

S$250m, 500 jobs/ SAP& EDB

2024

AI Verify Foundation was set-up, 7 June 2023

Draft Model AI Governance Framework for Generative AI,

16 Jan 2024

AI Verify and NIST's AI RMF Sync Up

Oct 2023

Trusted AI Ecosystem : Ex-Ante/Ex-Post

"Leap to Quantum Technology: Post-quantu cryptography migration between the NIST and US Department of Homeland Security, alongside Singapore's National Quantum Office and Ministry of Communications and Information."

• Innovation
• Consumer Safety
• Public Trust

Moving Towards Risk-based Governance

Challenges - End Game

General AI, contributing as much as $15.7 trillion

to the global economy by 2030, as a result of increased productivity, personalisation and improved quality.

Crossing the AI Rubicon?

Technology Singularity?

Cautious Optimism or

AI Driven Economy ?

Can AI be Governed?

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Bio Fusion

The Singularity is Near- Pg 21 (2040-2064?)

Accelerated Cycle of Innovation

MACHINE ALMIGHTY

THANK YOU!