Living Building Challenge Classroom: Final Design
Green Matters: Andrew Nelson, Thomas Anderson, Emma Moayer, Kevin Tao, Jacob Molewyk, Jacque Thomas - Engineers in Training
15 April 2015
Introduction
Organizational Problem: Our Client (John L.) Needs
Task
Purpose
Summary
QFD
Revised
Site: North Campus - Ann Arbor, MI
Naval
Architecture Building
Gorguze Family Laboratory
Site
Soil Analysis: Steady Foundation
Soil Profile: Miami Loam
Source: US Official State Soils Designations
Ap - silt loam
Bt1 - silty clay loam
2Bt2- clay loam, 2% rock
2Bt3 - clay loam, 5% rock
2Bct - loam, 5% rock
Water Analysis: Meets EPA Standards
| Legal Limits | Site Water Analysis | Filtered Water Analysis |
TDS | 500 mg/L | 120 mg/L | 480 mg/L |
pH | 6.5-8.5 | 7.52 | 7.86 |
Nitrate | 10 mg/L | 2 mg/L | 2 mg/L |
Nitrite | 1 mg/L | 0 mg/L | 0 mg/L |
Design Selection: Alternate Designs
Pros | Cons |
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Pros | Cons |
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Design Selection: Final Choice
Pros | Cons |
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First Floor Floorplan: 450 square feet
Teacher’s Desk
Seating for 20 students
Second Floor Floorplan: 500 square feet
Sink
Lab Tables
Sun Shading of Site: ~87 Days of Cold
Cold days
Warm days
Passive Heating: Window Glazing
More heat contained than lost
Source: Climate Consultant 5.5
More heat contained than lost
Typical Conduction U-Factor = .45
Double Pane Low - E
Passive Heating: Concrete Solar Collector Wall
0.5 meter
thermal wall
Passive Heating: Solar Chimney
Source: Passive Solar Design: Computer Modeling Methods Lecture Slides - January 28
Solar radiation heats
air in chimney
Heat Rises
Hot air cools
Passive Cooling: Solar Chimney
Heat rises out
of the chimney
Solar radiation heats air in chimney
Cool air enters
Source: Passive Solar Design: Computer Modeling Methods Lecture Slides - January 28
Solar Chimney Location: SE Corner
Solar Chimney
6.5’ x 6.5’ x 20’
Passive Heating: Insulated Wall Design
R-Value - 105.0837 h*ft^2*F/BTU
Cedar Clapboard Siding, Plywood and Air Infiltration Barrier
2 x 12 Stud and Aerogel Insulation
Vapor Barrier and Gypsum Wallboard
1’ 0 ¾”
Wind Patterns: Ann Arbor
Most of the wind
From Southwest
Between 20-30 mph
< 32 degrees Fahrenheit
Source: Climate Consultant 5.5
Passive Heating: Tree Wind Shield
Source: Climate Consultant 5.5
Native Dogwood (15-20 ft.)
20 ft. roof height
Native Dogwood Wind Shield
Native Dogwood
(15-20 ft.)
Classroom
Source: Natural Communities of Michigan: Classification and Description. Michigan Natural Features Inventory, Report No. 2007-21
Computational Fluid Dynamics: Wind Shield
No wind shield
Wind Shield
Passive Heating: Internal Loads
Source: Climate Consultant 5.5
Roof Design: Aluminized Steel
Source: Macguire Roofing & Construction
Rainwater Collection: Catchment Area
~680 Square feet
Gutter System
Cistern Placement
Building
Harvesting gutter from roof
Supply pipe
20’ distance from building
Cistern
10’ depth
Cistern Material: 625 Gallon
Bio-Derived Polyethylene
Source: 4 February 2015 Technical Lecture
~ 2000 Gal Annual Usage - 625 Gal Capacity
Runoff Prevention: Rain Garden
Deep, penetrating roots
Source: Flint Creek Watershed Partnership
Native species
Runoff
Rain Garden Location
Site
Building
Runoff Direction
Rain Garden: 32’ x 5’
Estimated Energy Analysis: Net-0
| Consumption (IES) | Generation (Efficiency Calculator) |
Default | ~ 28000 kwh | ~ 6600 kwh |
Optimized Features | Custom insulated wall Low-E Double-Pane windows | 15º Roof tilt Azur solar cells (35% efficiency) |
Optimized | ~ 22500 kwh | ~ 25500 kwh |
Structure: Concrete Columns, Steel Beams
Beam
Columns
Foundation: Six Isolated Footings
3.5 ft
3 ft
3.5 ft
25,200 lb
Conclusion
Client Requirements | Solutions to Requirements |
20 Student Capacity | Two Story Design: Space for 20 Students on Both Levels |
Sink: Potable and Nonpotable | All Water on Site is Potable Sink: Optional Use of Filter |
Conclusion
Client Requirements | Solutions to Requirements |
Net Zero Water | Water Usage Per Year: 2000 gallons Roof Size: 680 square feet Cistern Size: 625 gallons |
Net Zero Energy | Energy Consumption Per Year: 22500 kwh Energy Production Per Year: 25500 kwh |
Conclusion
Client Requirements | Solutions to Requirements |
Collaborative Environment Conducive to Learning | 2 Story Design 1st Floor: Lecture Environment 2nd Floor: Collaborative Environment |
Durability: Long Service Life | Aluminized Steel Roof Bio-Derived Polyethylene Cistern Concrete Columns and Steel Beams |
References
Green Matters Contact
Thomas Anderson - tjand@umich.edu
Emmaline Moayer - emmamyr@umich.edu
Jacob Molewyk - molewjac@umich.edu
Andrew Nelson - andrewjn@umich.edu
Kevin Tao - taok@umich.edu
Jacqueline Thomas - jacquet@umich.edu
Soil Displacement
Psychrometric Data
Cistern Size: Dynamic Water
RISA Simulation: Deflections
| Limits | Softwood (max size) | Concrete Columns Steel Beams |
Horizontal Deflection | 1.24 in | 5.7 in | 1.132 in |
Vertical Deflection | 0.62 in | 1.5 in | 0.237 in |
Sun Exposure with 15 º Roof Tilt
More radiation exposure to the solar collecting surface
0 degree tilt from horizontal
15 degree tilt from horizontal
Source: Climate Consultant 5.5
Rain Garden Calculator: Min. 163 sq ft.
Source: http://raingardenalliance.org/right/calculator
Foundation Calculations: 3.5 ft square
Water Usage Calculations: ~2000 gal/yr
Comparing Classroom Usage
Source: U.S. Energy Use Intensity by Property Type