1 of 95

Securing AI-Driven Services

Daniel Feldman

2 of 95

3 of 95

About me

  • Helped with the first few iterations of this conference
  • Developed storage systems at Veritas
  • Developed security systems at Veritas
  • On early SPIFFE team (security standard adopted by many cloud companies)
  • Working on some new security stuff
  • Experimenting with AI since 2019

4 of 95

Take-home messages

01

05

04

02

06

03

Putting all this together in future architectures

Service counts are increasing 100x

What we're building right now

This causes a massive, new attack surface

What still needs to be done

SPIFFE, OPA, Macaroons, Biscuits, SpiffeLink

Service explosion

WIMSE

The future

Security risks

Work in progress

New security ideas

5 of 95

Take-home messages

01

05

04

02

06

03

Putting all this together in future architectures

Service counts are increasing 100x

What we're building right now

This causes a massive, new attack surface

What still needs to be done

SPIFFE, OPA, Macaroons, Biscuits, SpiffeLink

Service explosion

WIMSE

The future

Security risks

Work in progress

New security ideas

6 of 95

Service explosion

01

Service counts are increasing 100x

7 of 95

What is a service?

A piece of software that is acting on your other software systems

(See also: service-to-service communication, non-human identity, zero trust security)

8 of 95

1,000

3,000

535 external;

10,000+ internal

Internal services at Netflix

Internal services at Google Search

Services at AWS

9 of 95

Why?

Splitting large projects into microservices became extremely popular starting in ~2017

Right now, the number of services is exploding further due to AI and LLMs

AI & LLMs

Microservices

10 of 95

Microservices

"The microservice architectural style is an approach to developing a single application as a suite of small services, each running in its own process and communicating with lightweight mechanisms, often an HTTP resource API."

-Adrian Cockroft, Cloud Architect, Netflix

11 of 95

12 of 95

13 of 95

14 of 95

AI & LLMs

"Artificial intelligence will dramatically increase the pace of software development and make continuous delivery routine."

Sanjay Gidwani, COO, Copado (in InfoWorld)

15 of 95

Quick demo of v0.dev

16 of 95

Quick demo of ChatGPT Analytics

17 of 95

More and more services

Adoption of microservices greatly increase the number of services

AI & LLMs will decrease the cost of adding functionality, also greatly increasing the number of services

18 of 95

Take-home messages

01

05

04

02

06

03

Putting all this together in future architectures

Service counts are increasing 100x

What we're building right now

This causes a massive, new attack surface

What still needs to be done

SPIFFE, OPA, Macaroons, Biscuits, SpiffeLink

Service explosion

WIMSE

The future

Security risks

Work in progress

New security ideas

19 of 95

Every new service is a new security risk

20 of 95

SolarWinds Attack

21 of 95

xz Attack

22 of 95

Log4j vulnerability

23 of 95

“Most networks [have] big castle walls, a hard crunchy outer shell, and soft gooey centers…”

  • Rob Joyce, NSA (ENIGMA 2016)

24 of 95

Federal mandates

Zero Trust Mandate:

All connections between services must be secure.

Supply chain mandate:

All software must have a traceable chain of dependencies.

25 of 95

So...

Enterprises may have 100x as many internal services.

Each service introduces a new attack surface.

More services

Huge new risks

How do we fix it?

26 of 95

Take-home messages

01

05

04

02

06

03

Putting all this together in future architectures

Service counts are increasing 100x

What we're building right now

This causes a massive, new attack surface

What still needs to be done

SPIFFE, OPA, Macaroons, Biscuits, SpiffeLink

Service explosion

WIMSE

The future

Security risks

Work in progress

New security ideas

27 of 95

SPIFFE

Secure all service-to-service traffic at the node and workload level

CNCF graduated project

Many companies involved

All components are APL 2.0 licensed and are freely available.

Netflix, Uber, Lyft, Google, AWS, Azure, ByteDance (TikTok), Indeed, Fidelity...

Goal

Mature

Open source

Widely used

28 of 95

SPIFFE

SPIRE Server

Node

SPIRE Agent

Workload

Node

SPIRE Agent

Cloud or Kubernetes Platform

Workload

SVID

SVID

29 of 95

SPIFFE

NODE REGISTRATION ENTRY

If a node has:

  • Cloud Instance identity A
  • Cloud Tags or VPC B
  • TPM ID C
  • Join token D

Then

  • Give it identity X

WORKLOAD REGISTRATION ENTRY

If a workload has:

  • Node SPIFFE ID E
  • Docker Image Hash F
  • Kubernetes Service Account G
  • Join token H

Then

  • Give it identity Y

SPIRE Server

30 of 95

Adaptability

AWS, Azure, GCP

Work with many CAs

Store keys on many devices

Base security on any property

Any cloud

Any upstream

Any key store

Any attestor

31 of 95

Open Policy Agent

32 of 95

Where do we go from here?

SPIFFE and OPA are pretty difficult to use in practice.

TPMx

Add advanced token type that is signed with each hop in a request.

Easier to use

Better attestors

End-to-end

33 of 95

Take-home messages

01

05

04

02

06

03

Putting all this together in future architectures

Service counts are increasing 100x

What we're building right now

This causes a massive, new attack surface

What still needs to be done

SPIFFE, OPA, Macaroons, Biscuits, SpiffeLink

Service explosion

WIMSE

The future

Security risks

Work in progress

New security ideas

34 of 95

WIMSE

35 of 95

WIMSE

It's a chain of blocks

Each block represents one hop

36 of 95

WIMSE

  • Needs to be a standard
  • IETF project
  • In heavy development right now
  • Hoping to have a draft in 1-2 months

37 of 95

38 of 95

Take-home messages

01

05

04

02

06

03

Putting all this together in future architectures

Service counts are increasing 100x

What we're building right now

This causes a massive, new attack surface

What still needs to be done

SPIFFE, OPA, Macaroons, Biscuits, SpiffeLink

Service explosion

WIMSE

The future

Security risks

Work in progress

New security ideas

39 of 95

40 of 95

Take-home messages

01

05

04

02

06

03

Putting all this together in future architectures

Service counts are increasing 100x

What we're building right now

This causes a massive, new attack surface

What still needs to be done

SPIFFE, OPA, Macaroons, Biscuits, SpiffeLink

Service explosion

WIMSE

The future

Security risks

Work in progress

New security ideas

41 of 95

What comes next

There are at least 10 projects related to making SPIFFE easier to use. All are incomplete.

IETF program open to any new contributor.

This will be a multi-year journey.

SPIFFE Ease of Use

WIMSE Standards Development

WIMSE implementation

42 of 95

Thanks!

Daniel Feldman

dfeldman.mn@gmail.com

linkedin.com/in/dfeldman

twitter.com/d_feldman

(Also on Mastodon and BlueSky)

43 of 95

44 of 95

Purpose statement

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one in the Solar System—it’s only a bit larger than the Moon. The planet’s name has nothing to do with the liquid metal

Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun. It’s terribly hot—even hotter than Mercury—and its atmosphere is extremely poisonous

Jupiter is a gas giant and the biggest planet in the Solar System. It's the fourth-brightest object in the night sky. It was named after the Roman god of the skies and lightning

What about Mercury?

What about Venus?

What about Jupiter?

45 of 95

Contents of this template

To view this template correctly in PowerPoint, download and install the fonts we used

An assortment of graphic resources that are suitable for use in this presentation

You must keep it so that proper credits for our design are given

All the colors used in this presentation

These can be used in the template, and their size and color can be edited

Editable presentation theme

You can edit the master slides easily. For more info, click here

You can delete this slide when you’re done editing the presentation

For more info:SLIDESGO | BLOG | FAQs

You can visit our sister projects:FREEPIK | FLATICON | STORYSET | WEPIK | VIDEVO

46 of 95

Purpose statement

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one in the Solar System—it’s only a bit larger than the Moon. The planet’s name has nothing to do with the liquid metal

Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun. It’s terribly hot—even hotter than Mercury—and its atmosphere is extremely poisonous

Jupiter is a gas giant and the biggest planet in the Solar System. It's the fourth-brightest object in the night sky. It was named after the Roman god of the skies and lightning

What about Mercury?

What about Venus?

What about Jupiter?

47 of 95

—Someone Famous

“This is a quote. Words full of wisdom that someone important said and can make the reader get inspired.”

48 of 95

98,300,000

Big numbers catch your audience’s attention

49 of 95

New deal policy

You can give a brief description of the topic you want to talk about here. For example, if you want to talk about Mercury, you can say that it’s the smallest planet in the entire Solar System

50 of 95

A picture always reinforces

the concept

Images reveal large amounts of data, so remember: use an image instead of a long text. Your audience will appreciate it

51 of 95

A picture is worth a thousand words

52 of 95

Awesome words

53 of 95

Situation & problems statement

Current situation

Jupiter is a gas giant and the biggest planet in the Solar System. It's the fourth-brightest object in the night sky. It was named after the Roman god of the skies and lightning

Earth

Earth is the third planet from the Sun and has life

Mars

Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold place

Mercury

Mercury is the smallest planet in the Solar System

Problems

54 of 95

Hypotheses

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one in the Solar System—it’s only a bit larger than the Moon

Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun. It’s terribly hot and its atmosphere is extremely poisonous

Jupiter is a gas giant and the biggest planet in the Solar System. It's the fourth-brightest object in the night sky

Hypothesis 1

Hypothesis 2

Hypothesis 3

55 of 95

Study objectives

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest of them all

Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun

Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold place. It’s full of iron oxide dust

Justice

United states

Presidence

56 of 95

Purposes of Roosevelt New Deal

Mars is actually a very cold place

Prevent

Recovery

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun

Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun

Venus has extremely high temperatures

Jupiter is the biggest planet of them all

Reform

Relief

Jobs

Saturn is a gas giant with several rings

Welfare

57 of 95

Literature review

  • AUTHOR. (YEAR). Title of the publication. Publisher
    • Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun
  • AUTHOR. (YEAR). Title of the publication. Publisher
    • Mars is full of iron oxide dust, which gives the planet its reddish cast
  • AUTHOR. (YEAR). Title of the publication. Publisher
    • Jupiter is a gas giant and the biggest planet in the Solar System
  • AUTHOR. (YEAR). Title of the publication. Publisher
    • Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun
  • AUTHOR. (YEAR). Title of the publication. Publisher
    • Earth is the third planet from the Sun and harbors life

58 of 95

Theoretical framework

Key terms

Relevant theories

  • Mercury is small
  • Earth harbors life
  • Jupiter is quite big

Our framework

Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun. It’s hot and has a poisonous atmosphere

Theory 1

Saturn is a gas giant and has rings. It’s composed mostly of hydrogen and helium

Theory 2

Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun and is an ice giant

59 of 95

Schedule

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Task

Description

Date

Status

Task 1

Mars is a cold planet

Jan 1 - Mar 15

Completed

Task 2

Earth harbors lots of life

Feb 1 - Apr 30

In progress

Task 3

Venus has a beautiful name

May 15 - Jun 30

Delayed

Neptune is far away from Earth

Mercury is a very small planet

Task 2

Saturn is a gas giant

Task 3

Task 1

60 of 95

Methodology

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one in the Solar System—it’s only a bit larger than the Moon

Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun. It’s terribly hot—even hotter than Mercury

Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold place. It’s full of iron oxide dust, which gives the planet its reddish cast

Jupiter is a gas giant and the biggest planet in the Solar System. It’s also the fourth-brightest object in the night sky

Mercury

Type of data

Motives

Data collection

Specific sampling

61 of 95

Analysis & development

  • Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun. It’s terribly hot—even hotter than Mercury
  • Saturn is a gas giant and has several rings. This planet is composed mostly of hydrogen and helium
  • Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only one that harbors life in the Solar System
  • Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one in the Solar System—it’s a bit larger than the Moon
  • Jupiter is a gas giant, the biggest planet in the Solar System and the fourth-brightest object in the night sky
  • Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun. It's also the fourth-largest planet by diameter in the Solar System

Phase 01

Phase 02

62 of 95

Analysis & development

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one in the Solar System The planet’s name has nothing to do with the liquid metal

  • The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System
  • Jupiter is the biggest planet in the entire Solar System
  • Saturn is composed mostly of hydrogen and helium

Mercury

It’s the closest planet to the Sun

Venus

Venus has a beautiful name

Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here. For more info, click here

63 of 95

Analysis of the results

Mercury

Saturn

Mercury is the smallest planet

Saturn was named after the Roman god of wealth and agriculture

Mars

Mars is actually a very cold planet

50%

Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here. For more info, click here

64 of 95

Analysis of the results

Neptune

Mercury

Neptune is far away from us

Mercury is the smallest planet

Saturn

Saturn is a gas giant and has rings

Mars

Mars is actually a very cold planet

65 of 95

This is a map

Venus

Mercury

Venus is the second planet from the Sun

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun

66 of 95

Timeline

1929

1930

1933

1935

Venus has a beautiful name

Black thursday

Jupiter is a huge gas giant

Smoot Hawley

Saturn has beautiful rings

Neal Deal

Neptune is far away from us

Second new deal

67 of 95

20%

Percentages of the results

30%

50%

Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun

Venus

Jupiter is a gas giant and is the fourth-brightest object in the night sky

Jupiter

Saturn has several rings. It’s composed mostly of hydrogen and helium

Saturn

68 of 95

Sequence

01

02

03

04

05

Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest of them all

Jupiter is a gas giant and the biggest planet in the Solar System

Saturn has several rings and was named after a Roman god

Neptune is an ice giant and is very far away from the Sun and from us

69 of 95

Discussion

Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold place. It's full of iron oxide dust, which gives the planet its reddish cast. Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only one that harbors life in the Solar System. This is where we all live:

  • Ceres is located in the main asteroid belt
  • The Moon is Earth’s natural satellite
  • Neptune is very far away from us
  • Pluto now considered a dwarf planet

Mars

Discussion 1

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one in the Solar System—it’s only a bit larger than the Moon

Discussion 2

Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun. It’s terribly hot—even hotter than Mercury

70 of 95

Conclusions

Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold place. It’s full of iron oxide dust

Venus has a very beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one in the Solar System

Neptune is the fourth-largest planet by diameter in the Solar System

Mars

Venus

Mercury

Neptune

71 of 95

Our team

You can speak a bit about this person here

You can speak a bit about this person here

Henry Robinson

Sarah James

72 of 95

Bibliographical references

  • Surname, A. (YEAR). Name of the source. Publisher
  • Surname, A. (YEAR). Name of the source. Publisher
  • Surname, A. (YEAR). Name of the source. Publisher
  • Surname, A. (YEAR). Name of the source. Publisher
  • Surname, A. (YEAR). Name of the source. Publisher
  • Surname, A. (YEAR). Name of the source. Publisher
  • Surname, A. (YEAR). Name of the source. Publisher
  • Surname, A. (YEAR). Name of the source. Publisher
  • Surname, A. (YEAR). Name of the source. Publisher
  • Surname, A. (YEAR). Name of the source. Publisher

73 of 95

Mockups

You can replace the images on the screen with your own work. Just right-click on it and select “Replace images”

74 of 95

Thanks!

Do you have any questions?

youremail@freepik.com

+34 654 321 432

yourwebsite.com

Please keep this slide for attribution

CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo, and includes icons by Flaticon, and infographics & images by Freepik

75 of 95

Icon pack

76 of 95

Alternative resources

Here’s an assortment of alternative resources whose style fits the one of this template:

Photos:

77 of 95

Resources

Did you like the resources on this template? Get them for free at our other websites:

Photos

Icon pack:

  • Icon pack: Politics | Lineal

78 of 95

Instructions for use

If you have a free account, in order to use this template, you must credit Slidesgo by keeping the Thanks slide. Please refer to the next slide to read the instructions for premium users.

As a Free user, you are allowed to:

  • Modify this template.
  • Use it for both personal and commercial projects.

You are not allowed to:

  • Sublicense, sell or rent any of Slidesgo Content (or a modified version of Slidesgo Content).
  • Distribute Slidesgo Content unless it has been expressly authorized by Slidesgo.
  • Include Slidesgo Content in an online or offline database or file.
  • Offer Slidesgo templates (or modified versions of Slidesgo templates) for download.
  • Acquire the copyright of Slidesgo Content.

For more information about editing slides, please read our FAQs or visit our blog:

https://slidesgo.com/faqs and https://slidesgo.com/slidesgo-school

79 of 95

Instructions for use (premium users)

As a Premium user, you can use this template without attributing Slidesgo or keeping the "Thanks" slide.

You are allowed to:

  • Modify this template.
  • Use it for both personal and commercial purposes.
  • Hide or delete the “Thanks” slide and the mention to Slidesgo in the credits.
  • Share this template in an editable format with people who are not part of your team.

You are not allowed to:

  • Sublicense, sell or rent this Slidesgo Template (or a modified version of this Slidesgo Template).
  • Distribute this Slidesgo Template (or a modified version of this Slidesgo Template) or include it in a database or in any other product or service that offers downloadable images, icons or presentations that may be subject to distribution or resale.
  • Use any of the elements that are part of this Slidesgo Template in an isolated and separated way from this Template.
  • Register any of the elements that are part of this template as a trademark or logo, or register it as a work in an intellectual property registry or similar.

For more information about editing slides, please read our FAQs or visit our blog:

https://slidesgo.com/faqs and https://slidesgo.com/slidesgo-school

80 of 95

Fonts & colors used

This presentation has been made using the following fonts:

Poppins

(https://fonts.google.com/specimen/Poppins)

Nunito

(https://fonts.google.com/specimen/Nunito)

#ffffff

#ffe5a1

#eb5bc7

#d64149

#49a6ca

#14338f

81 of 95

Storyset

Create your Story with our illustrated concepts. Choose the style you like the most, edit its colors, pick the background and layers you want to show and bring them to life with the animator panel! It will boost your presentation. Check out how it works.

82 of 95

Use our editable graphic resources...

You can easily resize these resources without losing quality. To change the color, just ungroup the resource and click on the object you want to change. Then, click on the paint bucket and select the color you want. Group the resource again when you’re done. You can also look for more infographics on Slidesgo.

83 of 95

84 of 95

85 of 95

JANUARY

FEBRUARY

MARCH

APRIL

PHASE 1

Task 1

Task 2

JANUARY

FEBRUARY

MARCH

APRIL

MAY

JUNE

PHASE 1

PHASE 2

Task 1

Task 2

Task 1

Task 2

86 of 95

87 of 95

88 of 95

...and our sets of editable icons

You can resize these icons without losing quality.

You can change the stroke and fill color; just select the icon and click on the paint bucket/pen.

In Google Slides, you can also use Flaticon’s extension, allowing you to customize and add even more icons.

89 of 95

Educational Icons

Medical Icons

90 of 95

Business Icons

Teamwork Icons

91 of 95

Help & Support Icons

Avatar Icons

92 of 95

Creative Process Icons

Performing Arts Icons

93 of 95

Nature Icons

94 of 95

SEO & Marketing Icons

95 of 95