Blood supply of Brain�by �dr. jatin chudasama�assistant professor�in anatomy department�

Blood supply of the brain

• Internal carotid arteries
• Vertebral arteries

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Internal carotid arteries

Cervical portion

Petrous portion

Cavernous

portion

Cerebral portion

Branches of the internal carotid arteries

• Ophthalmic a.
• Posterior communicating a.
• Anterior choroidal a.
• Anterior cerebral a.
• Middle cerebral a.

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Branches of the vertebral arteries

• Meningeal branches
• Posterior spinal a.
• Anterior spinal a.
• Posterior inferior cerebellar a.
• Medullary a.

Branches of the basilar artery

• Pontine a.
• Labyrinthine a.
• Anterior inferior cerebellar a.
• Superior cerebellar a.
• Posterior cerebral a.

Circle of Willis

(Cerebral arterial circle)

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Anterior communicating a.

Posterior communicating a.

Proximal portion of anterior cerebral a.

Proximal portion of posterior cerebral a.

Internal carotid a.

Branches of circle of Willis

- Central branches (include anterior choroidal & posterior choroidal artery)

-Cortical branches

Anterior cerebral artery

Middle cerebral artery

Posterior cerebral artery

Anterior cerebral a.

• Medial striate a.(recurrent a. of Heubner)
• Orbital a.
• Frontopolar a.
• Callosomarginal a.
• Pericallosal a.

Middle cerebral a.

Internal occipital a.

Central group

Consist of :

-Anteromedial group

-Posteromedial group

-Poaterolateral group

-Anterolateral group

-Choroidal a.

Anteromedial branches : supply to hypothalamus, preoptic area,supraoptic area

Supply to pituitary gland, hypothalamus, thalamus and midbrain

Posteromedial branches

Posterolateral ;also called thalamogeniculate artery

supply to posterior half of thalamus : geniculate body, pulvinar, lateral nuclear group and most of ventral thalamic nuclei

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Anterolateral branches : also called striate artery

Medial striate a. supply to head of caudate nucleus, putamen & internal capsule

Lateral striate a. supply to caudate and putamen,globus pallidus and internal capsule

Choroidal artery

Anterior choroidal artery : supply to choroid plexus in lateral ventricle, hippocampal formation, globus pallidus, posterior limb of internal capsule, amydaliod nucleus, tail of caudate nucleus and ventrolateral of thalamus

Posterior choroidal artery : Supply to thalamus,choroid plexus of third and lateral ventricle,

Blood supply to Corpus striatum, internal capsule and diencephalon

• Striatum : from lateral striatea.
• Head of caudate : from medial striate a.
• Tail of caudate and putamen : from anterior choroidal a.
• Globus pallidus : from lateral striate, anterior choroidal a. And posterior communicating a.

Arterial supply of the Midbrain, Pons & Medulla

Midbrain : Branches from basilar a.(eg.-posterior cerebral a.,superior cerebellar a. Anterior choroidal a. and Posterior communicating a.)

Pons and Medulla : Anterior spinal a., Posterior spinal a., Posterior inferior cerebellar a., basilar a. and Vertebral a.

Cerebral veins and Venous sinus

• Venules in brain form venous plexus in pia mater
• Then drain to superficial vein in subarachnoid space
• And drain to dural venous sinus

Classification of cerebral vein

• Superficial cerebral veins
• Superior cerebral veins
• Inferior cerebral veins
• Superficial middle cerebral veins
• Deep cerebral veins
• Internal cerebral vein
• Basal vein (Rosenthal)
• Great cerebral vein (Of Galen)

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