TYPES OF MATTER

There are 4 types of substances: Metallic, Ionic, Covalent, Covalent network.

It is useful to have an idea of these from the get-go.

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Metallic substances

Made of: metal ions + electrons

Bonding: metallic bonding

Examples: Cu, Mg, Hg

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The bonding is strong but non-directional.

This is because the delocalised electrons can move but still stay attracted.

Properties: Solid (high MP), conductive, malleable

TYPES OF MATTER

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Ionic

Made of: ions

Bonding: ionic bonding

Examples: NaCl, CuSO₄

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The bonding is strong and directional.

Properties: Solid (high MP), conductive if molten or dissolved, brittle

TYPES OF MATTER

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Covalent

Made of: molecules

Bonding: WIFs (Weak Intermolecular Forces)

Examples: water, CO₂, glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)

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The bonding is weak (depending on the molecule)

Properties: State depends on molecule and size, non-conductive

TYPES OF MATTER

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Covalent

Made of: molecules

Bonding: WIFs (Weak Intermolecular Forces)

Examples: water, CO₂, glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)

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The bonding is weak (depending on the molecule)

Properties: State depends on molecule and size, non-conductive

TYPES OF MATTER

There are 4 types of matter:

Metallic

Made of: metal ions + electrons

Bonding: metallic bonding

Examples: Cu, Mg, Hg

Covalent

Made of: molecules

Bonding: WIFs (Weak Intermolecular Forces)

Examples: water, CO₂, glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)

Covalent network

Made of: atoms

Bonding: covalent bonding

Examples: diamond, SiO₂

Ionic

Made of: ions

Bonding: ionic bonding

Examples: NaCl, CuSO₄