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Convection

Chapter 4.2

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Review:

Yesterday we talked about the layers of the Earth.

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Today we’re going to talk about some action that happens in one of Earth’s layers

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Big questions of the day

Where does heat transfer occur in Earth’s interior?

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What types of heat transfer occur?

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Heat is always being transferred and moving from place to place

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In the Earth’s mantle, we can find evidence of lots of heat transfer.

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Types of Heat Transfer

  • Radiation
  • Conduction
  • Convection

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Types of Heat Transfer

  • Radiation
  • Conduction
  • Convection

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  • Really
  • Cool
  • Cats

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Radiation

  • The transfer of energy through space is called radiation
  • Heat transfer by radiation takes place without direct contact (touching) from a heat source to an object

Examples: Sunlight, flame, open fire, radiator

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Check for understanding

What type of heat transfer did we just talk about?

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How does this type of heat transfer work?

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How can we remember this type of heat transfer?

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Conduction

  • Heat transfer between materials that are touching is called conduction
  • Particles in matter are excited and move faster and this causes heat

Examples: Spoon in a pot of hot soup, ice cube melting in your warm hand

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Check for understanding

What type of heat transfer did we just talk about?

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How does this type of heat transfer work?

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How can we remember this type of heat transfer?

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Convection

  • Convection is the heat transfer by the movement of currents within a fluid
  • Can happen with liquids or gases
  • During convection, heated particles begin to flow
    • This flow then transfers heat from one part of the fluid to another

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Convection and Density

  • Density is a measure of how much mass there is in a volume of a substance
  • For example rock is more dense than water

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**With convection, fluids with a greater density sink and fluids with a lower density rise**

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Check for understanding

What type of heat transfer did we just talk about?

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How does this type of heat transfer work?

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How can we remember this type of heat transfer?

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Closure

What did we learn today?

How are we going to remember what we learned today?

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Share the mnemonic device with a neighbor.

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Independent Practice

For homework answer questions 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b on textbook page 139

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Day 2- Convection in action

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Review

What is convection?

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How does convection affect Earth?

Convection is happening inside the Earth right now!

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Heat from the core and mantle cause convection currents in the mantle.

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This convection in the mantle is the driving force for Earth’s plates to move

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Alfred Wegener

A German Scientist from the early 1900’s

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He observed how Earth’s continents looked like they fit together like puzzle pieces

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What do you think? What do you observe?

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How is Alfred Wegener

A risk taker?

A thinker?

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Think about the IB Learner Profile!

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Demo 1: Bucket

Large clear tub of warm water

Ice cubes with blue water

Red food coloring

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Put blue ice on one side of bucket

Put drops of red food coloring on opposite side

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Demo 2: Lava lamp

How do you think lava lamps work?

Write an explanation and a drawing (if necessary)