Un Programa de Telemedicina liderado por Enfermería para el seguimiento de pacientes con Insuficiencia Cardiaca:
Experiencia y Resultados
Sonia Ruiz Bustillo
Junio 2025
¿Qué es la Telemedicina?
Aportar servicios de salud, por cualquier profesional de la salud, usando las tecnologías de la comunicación para el intercambio válido de información en el diagnóstico, el tratamiento y la prevención de enfermedades o lesiones, investigación y evaluación, y educación continuada de los proveedores de salud, todo con el interés de mejorar la salud de los individuos y sus comunidades
Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 2016, Vol. 22(5) 282–295
¿Cómo empezamos?
2010 - 2012
Encuesta de satisfacción pacientes
Conocimientos previos sobre nuevas tecnologías
En relación a nivel de estudios
Objetivos de la intervención
Procedencia pacientes
Hospitalitzación Cardiología
Hospitalitzación otros servicios
Atención Primaria
Consultas UIC
INSTALACIÓN DISPOSITIVOS DOMICILIO
6 MESES
Estructura seguimiento
Recepción de biomedidas y cuestionario: alarmas
Trayectoria Clínica
Intervención enfermería
Protocolos Titulación Fármacos
(DM, DL, ERC, SAHS, anemia)
Videoconsulta final
Effectiveness of a Nurse-Led Telemedicine-Based Program for Pharmacological and Prognostic Optimization of Patients with Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction:
The MAR-HF-Titration study
Sonia Ruiz-Bustillo, MD, PhD; Miren Vicente, MD; Pilar Ruiz-Rodriguez, RN; Ana María Linás-Alonso, RN; Sandra Valdivielso-Moré, MD; Núria Farré,MD,PhD; Laia Belarte-Tornero,MD; Ronald Morales-Murillo,MD; Joan Vime-Jubany,MD; Neus Badosa,RN; Felicidad Martinez Medina, RN; Beatriz Vaquerizo-Montilla, MD PhD; Miguel Cainzos-Achirica, MD MPH PhD
Indicadores
Study Outcomes
Primary outcome
Proportion of patients with stable quadruple HFrEF therapy at the end of follow-up, at any dose
Key Secondary outcomes
1) Proportion of patients achieving at least 50% of the target dose of each of the four prognostic drug groups simultaneously at the end of follow-up
2) Proportion of patients achieving the target dose of each of the four drug groups simultaneously
3) The average titration time required to achieve the maximally tolerated dose of each prognostic drug
Other secondary outcomes
4) Average maximally tolerated dose achieved for each prognostic drug
5) 6-month changes in LVEF
6) Proportions of patients with LVEF <30% and <35%, respectively, which are the thresholds typically used to consider implantation of ICD and CRT
7) 6-month changes in NTproBNP levels
8) 6-month changes in the need for daily use of diuretic therapy
Additional analyses
1) Reasons that prevented patients from receiving the target dose of each drug and from using them at all
2)The frequency of urgent hospitalizations due to HF, all-cause and cardiovascular death, at 6 months of follow-up
Under review
Baseline Characteristics | Frequency |
Sociodemographics | |
Age, years | 70.2 ± 11.8 |
Female sex | 74 (35.2%) |
Cardiovascular risk factors | |
Hypertension | 151 (71.9%) |
Diabetes mellitus | 77 (36.7%) |
Dyslipidemia | 125 (59.5%) |
Current smoker | 41 (19.5%) |
Prior cardiac procedures | |
Percutaneous coronary intervention | 51 (24.3%) |
Coronary bypass grafting | 17 (8.1%) |
Heart valve surgery | 20 (9.5%) |
Comorbidities | |
Stroke | 20 (9.5%) |
Peripheral artery disease | 22 (10.5%) |
Atrial fibrillation (any) | 92 (43.9%) |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 30 (14.3%) |
Sleep apnea | 24 (11.4%) |
Chronic kidney disease | 51 (24.3%) |
Heart failure characteristics | |
Left ventricle ejection fraction, % | 31 ± 7 |
Ischemic etiology | 83 (39.5%) |
Newly diagnosed heart failure | 127 (60.5%) |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 121 ± 20 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 70 ± 13 |
Heart rate, bpm | 72 ± 13 |
NTProBNP, pg/mL | 1960 (1065-4315) |
Results
Primary outcome
Quadruple therapy AT ANY DOSE
Results
Key Secondary outcomes
Quadruple therapy AT LEAST ≥50% OF THE TARGET DOSE
Average time to maximally tolerated dose of each prognostic drug
Median length of the titration period for each group of drugs
Other Secondary outcomes
- 6-month changes in LVEF
- Proportions of patients with LVEF <30% and <35%,
- 6-month changes in NTproBNP levels
- 6-month changes in the need for daily use of diuretic therapy
| Baseline | End of follow-up | P value |
LVEF, % | 31±7% | 45±11% | <0.001 |
LVEF <30% | 75 (35.7%) | 16 (7.6%) | <0.001 |
LVEF <35% | 140 (66.7%) | 33 (15.7%) | <0.001 |
NTproBNP, pg/mL | 1960 (1065-4315) | 806 (331-2052) | <0.001 |
No need for daily loop diuretic therapy | 38 (18.1%) | 54 (25.7%) | 0.016 |
Conclusions
An intensive, nurse-led, telemedicine-based program yields a fast optimization of prognostic therapies in HFrEF patients and results in significant improvements in parameters with prognostic relevance
(Incluso en pacientes añosos y comórbidos)
Divulgación en congresos
Plan de continuidad
Grado de adaptabilidad
Plan de divulgación