Opportunities and Challenges for Enabling a Green Economic Recovery in Odisha
October, 2022
Swosti Premium, Bhubaneswar
Photos: KALIA Portal, USAID/flickr
LEAD is a part of IFMR Society with strategic oversight from Krea University.
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Part 4
Part 5
Outline
Objectives and Approach
Feasibility of Green Recovery Strategies
Barriers to Green Recovery Adoption
Mechanisms to Launch GR Strategies
A Collaborative Platform for GR
Part 6
Roles & Responsibilities Across Stakeholders
Part 7
Overall Recommended Strategies
Objectives and Approach
Decentralised GR Action Plan
To prepare an action plan/strategy document for the agriculture and micro-small enterprise sectors on how this green recovery can be achieved through concrete actions across key functional heads of policy making.
Goal
Review of key green practices in Odisha
1
Stakeholder mapping in 4 districts
2
Focus group discussions + Key informant interviews with:
3
13 strategies shortlisted for Green Recovery of the agri-food processing economy
Facilitators
Knowledge partners
Adopters
‘Best’ Green Recovery Strategies
1
2
3
4
5
Integrated Farming (IF)
Renewable Technology (RT)
Millet Cultivation (MC)
Direct Seeded Rice (DRS)
In-Situ Conservation of Traditional Seeds (CTS)
6
7
8
9
10
Natural Soil Regeneration Practises (NSR)
Agroforestry (AF)
Water Conservation and Storage (WCS)
Non Paddy Processing Units (NPP)
Organic Certification (OC)
11
12
13
Green Entrepreneurship (GE)
Drainage Systems (DS)
Green Economy Advisory Board (GAB)
Barriers to Green Recovery Adoption
5 types of barriers/gaps to adoption of GR practices in Odisha were mentioned:
Lack of motivation among stakeholders
Lack of supporting infrastructure (eg. irrigation systems)
Lack of key evidence on economic and biophysical variables
Lack of key resources like labour, finance, technology
Lack of supportive policies + presence of perverse policies
Integrated Farming
↓ Inputs
↓ Chemicals
↓ Govt. subsidies
↓ Farmer expenditure
Direct Seeded
Rice
↓ Input cost
+ Drought conditions
↓ Govt. and finance
expenditure
20XX
Organic Certification
↓ Cost
+ Tweaks to existing �institutions
Top 3 Financially Feasible Strategies
Is the strategy too costly?�Do the benefits outweigh the costs?
Green Economic Advisory Board
- Needs to be
conceptualised
from scratch
Water Conservation and Storage
↑ Setting up cost
↑ Opport. cost to
marginal land
owners
In Situ Seed Conservation
↑ Expenditure
- Requires storage
facility
- Storage knowledge
Bottom 3 Financially Feasible Strategies
Top 3 Scalable Strategies
Can it be scaled to other locations?�Does it require major alterations?
Integrated Farming
+ Any location
+ Merges crop & other husbandry
↓ Input
Natural Soil Regeneration Practices
+ Any location
↓ Low investment
In Situ Seed Conservation
Bottom 3 Scalable Strategies
Green Economic Advisory Board
- Needs to be
conceptualised
from scratch
Organic Certification
↑ Setting up cost
↑ Opport. cost to
marginal land
owners
Agroforestry
↑ Expenditure
- Requires storage
facility
- Storage knowledge
III (a). Impact Driven Green Recovery Strategies (Income gains)
Top 3 Income Gain Strategies
Non-Paddy Processing Units
+ Sustained demand from processing units
+ MSE value addition
Integrated Farming
↓ Input intensive
+ Uses byproducts
↓ Cost of production
Agroforestry
+ Symbiotic benefits from complementary crops
+ Secondary income
Bottom 3 Income Gain Strategies
In Situ Seed Conservation
- Needs good storage facility
↓ Yield
↓ Income in medium / long term
Drainage Systems
↑ Initial investment
↓ Income in short-term
Green Economic Advisory Board
- Needs financial + intellectual support from facilitators
III (b). Impact Driven Green Recovery Strategies (Resilience building)
Millet Cultivation
+ Minimises effects of climate change
+ Food security
+ Survivability
In Situ Seed Conservation
+ Drought resilience
Integrated Farming
↑ Soil fertility & health
+ Long term fertility
↓ Risk of erosion, etc
Top 3 Resilience Building Strategies
Green Entrepreneurship
- Linked to production
- Supply chains easily affected
Non-Paddy Processing Units
- Crops are vulnerable to floods, droughts; affects processing
- Cannot impact status quo of water availability and needs
Bottom 3 Resilience Building Strategies
Green Economic Advisory Board
III (c). Impact Driven Green Recovery Strategies (Emissions reduction)
Renewable Technology
↓ Fuel consumption
↓ Waste
↓ CO2 emission
↓ Fertiliser use
↓ Pesticide use
↓ Petro-chemical fertilisers
↓ Pesticide use
Top 3 Emissions Reduction Strategies
In Situ Seed Conservation
Natural Soil Regeneration Practices
- No renewable tech.
- Based on crude oil
- Process oriented strategy
- No direct / indirect impact on emissions
Bottom 3 Emissions Reduction Strategies
Non-Paddy Processing Units
Organic Certification
Drainage Systems
Mechanisms to Launch GR Strategies
The figure illustrates the preferred incentive mechanism in the decreasing order (most preferred to least preferred) in the context of the 13 GR strategies.
Locals desired knowledge & capacity to undertake the strategies
Easy to access and information is available for subsidies
More difficult to access due to delays in payments, etc
Least preferred as it focuses on the last mile of the GR process (sales)
A Collaborative Platform for Green Recovery
Why is a collaborative platform necessary?
Results from pre- and post-workshop survey of stakeholders
Roles & Responsibilities Across Stakeholders
Ideation
Conceptualisation of strategies
1
Piloting
Identifying key locations in the state and piloting the strategy
2
Implementation
Based on the observed evidences, either implement, scale up, tweak or scrap the strategy
4
Evidence Documentation
Gathering evidence on key attributes which involves collecting, validating and sharing the information
3
Life Cycle of a GR Strategy
Overall Recommended Strategies
Bottom 3 Overall Strategies:
Top 3 Overall Strategies:
Short-term strategies have —
High feasibility
High impact
High scalability
Integrated Farming
(IF)
Lack of awareness and information
Key Barrier
Extension services like training
Preferred Incentive
Millet Cultivation (MC)
Low consumption preference; lack of processing infrastruct.
Key Barrier
Market access
Preferred Incentive
Renewable Technology (RT)
Lack of policy support; presence of diesel & electric tech. policies
Key Barrier
Credit Services
Preferred Incentive
Medium-term strategies have —
Low feasibility
High impact
High scalability
Conservation of Traditional Seeds (CTS)
Lack of infrastructure for seed storage
Key Barrier
Extension services like training
Preferred Incentive
Natural Soil Regeneration (NSR)
Lack of soil degradation info. and awareness
Key Barrier
Extension services like training
Preferred Incentive
Water Conservation and Storage (WCS)
Lack of policy support for water harvesting, pond cultivation
Key Barrier
Subsidies
Preferred Incentive
Long-term strategies have —
Low feasibility
High impact
Low scalability
Agroforestry (AF)
Lack of information on agroforestry methods
Key Barrier
Market access
Preferred Incentive
Non-Paddy Processing Units (NPP)
Lack of suitable technology
Key Barrier
Subsidies
Preferred Incentive
Direct Seeded Rice (DSR)
Lack of infrastructure to pre germinate seeds effectively
Key Barrier
Community level engagement
Preferred Incentive
Learn more about our work:
Twitter: @leadatkrea Web: www.ifmrlead.org
Thank You
LEAD at Krea University
7th Floor, B Block, IIT-Madras Research Park,
Kanagam Road, Taramani, Chennai – 600113,
Tamil Nadu, India