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TOPICS

Disciplines represented, supervisors, mentors, partners

Activities implemented

Research base and interdisciplinary approach

Problem, aim and importance

Project results

Conclusions

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Disciplines represented:

Political Sciences

Law

Anthropology

Economy

Social entrepreneurship

Computer Science

Supervisor(s)/mentor(s):

Andres Kõnno

Partner(s):

FUSEBOX Energy (https://fusebox.energy)

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PROBLEM, AIM AND IMPORTANCE

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Problem and Importance

Stakeholder: “Fusebox Energy”, which helps its clients reduce their energy bills and CO2 generation through power optimization while earning additional revenue for them by the balancing market.

The problem: as our stakeholder Fusebox Energy plans to expand its services to other countries, they were in need of a market analysis of 4 countries: Australia, Croatia, Slovenia and Spain.

Importance: Based on our research results, Fusebox will be able to make their decision whether they will or will not expand their services to these countries.

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ACTIVITIES IMPLEMENTED

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ACTIVITIES AND METHODS EMPLOYED

Three main stages: 1) setting the problem; 2) investigating and evaluating research findings separately; 3) making conclusions;
Online meetings with the stakeholder company, the project manager and advisors to make sure all teams had a clear understanding of the goals and how to carry out the research;
Division of labour in order to assure each member is able to benefit their team based on their abilities and available time;
Evaluation of online accessible materials, academic articles, reports on the economic market, political framework, energy situation and so on;

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RESEARCH BASE AND INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH

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SOURCES AND APPROACH

The interdisciplinary approach has been fundamental to achieve the purpose of the project:

understanding cultural differences in the communication of regenerative energy and sustainable development presumes an interdisciplinary background, i.e. in humanities and hard-sciences both;
necessity to conjugate economical, political, environmental and scientific knowledge to draw an adequate conclusion;

Since the whole project was based on researching and evaluating sources, we created a shared document with all relevant references that will be provided to Fusebox as well;�Here you can find the link:�Spain: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/17bvZCm4S5iRQtbnWRyR-GU7t1hDMuKiqucK6WdrdIHI/edit#gid=0 �Croatia: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1a8VZ49HlMs1jFMN0JyTec7xXskhaofHUG-bQqa-gvsM/edit#gid=0 �Slovenia: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1S5fGmTRJ5aZrRbCLfFETm28HGIz1E3TIsEe_50YHzko/edit#gid=0�Australia: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1_IdF3pbwYrimufjj3azu7sPIeU_nFFJZUjHlQQrjIG8/edit#gid=0

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PROJECT RESULTS

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Australia

Culture:

Individualistic
Main language: English
Entrepreneurial country, start-up rate 5.8% (6th in the world)
75% of Australians are concerned about climate change and agree that tackling climate change would create opportunities in clean energy for new jobs and investments

Market overview:

Strong, stable and growing economy
Mining and service sectors biggest drivers of growth
NSW, VIC, QLD - have biggest part of target market
Charging stations: ~3000. Most solar panels in QLD, NSW
Cold Storage: 1,986
Shopping Centers: 1,630
5th most startups in the world: 2,399
Growing interest in green, energy saving methods from government and private people

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Australia

Energy situation:

Main energy sources are Fossil fuels (92%)
Price, Q2 of 2022 was the highest ever quarterly average.
2 types of contracts: (1) Standard retail, and (2) Market retail
Energy Stock Exchange

Demand response:

Media monitoring is not high enough.
7 main businesses provide demand response services around Australia.
47% of the VIOTAS survey participants answered that they would be interested in DR. Only 9% of the participants would not want to join a DR programme.

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Croatia

Energy situation:

At the moment about the half of the the energy that Croatia uses originates from its own sources.
The price of electricity for households and enterprises was world average in march of 2022
bilateral over-the-counter and power exchange
Energy Stock Exchange

Demand response:

Media monitoring is not high enough.
The DR technologies are not used to its full potential in Croatia
Demand response is not properly regulated in Croatia
Main barriers for the DR: The electricity system is fully based on the supply; Electricity storage is not specifically regulated or supported by Croatian law

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Slovenia - General information

Location: central Europe
Climate: Mediterranean climate on the coast, continental climate with mild to hot summers and cold winters in the plateaus and valleys to the east
Population: 2,108,977 (as at January 1, 2021)
Age: Average population age: 43.3 years (October 2018)
Demographic: Slovene 83.1%, Serb 2%, Croat 1.8%, Bosniak 1.1%, other or unspecified 12%
Languages: spoken Languages: Slovenian (official), Italian and Hungarian. Level of English: 59% of Slovenians (and virtually all young people) speak English at a conversational level.

Real GDP- Purchasing power parity: $76.75 billion (2020 est.) - per capita: $36,500 (2020 est.)
Media monitoring focusing on the energy sector is mostly on independent media. The country has been seen as trying to censor media reporting.
Energy market is dominated by government owned companies and there are talks to nationalise few other energy companies.

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Slovenia - Energy consumption and cost

Energy Consumption

- Total annual Consumption: 13.40 bn kWh

- Per Capita: 6,359.73 kWh

Cost of electricity

As at March 2022

Household(kw/h) Businesses (kw/h)

Euro 0.188 0.114

U.S. Dollar 0.194 0.118

Slovenia, March 2022: The price of electricity is 0.194 U.S. Dollar per kWh for households and 0.118 U.S. Dollar for businesses which includes all components of the electricity bill such as the cost of power, distribution and taxes. For comparison, the average price of electricity in the world for that period is 0.143 U.S. Dollar per kWh for households and 0.138 U.S. Dollar for businesses.

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Slovenia - Market Overview

Tiny economy dependent on foreign commerce
In Slovenia, SME’s account for 64.5% Value Added and 72.0% of employment, this exceeding the EU’s average of 56.4% and 66.6% respectively
Strong Post-Pandemic Recovery
153,588 SME’s operating in Slovenia
2,496 Photovoltic Solar Systems with capacity of 31,2 MW
There are 85 Warehousing & Storage in Slovenia businesses as of 2022, a decline of -2.6% from 2021.The market size, measured by revenue, of the Warehousing & Storage in Slovenia industry is €32.2m in 2022.

Even though the vast majority of Slovenia is comprised of natural areas, there are now charging stations virtually everywhere. More fast charging stations are being added to the network, allowing you to charge your vehicle in less than 15 minutes.

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SPAIN

Climate: three climate zones; hot summers, mild winters; huge possibility to exploit natural resources for energy such as wind and sun;
Level of english: very poor level of english; overall Spaniards prefer to speak spanish rather than english; regional dialects are dominant;
Culture: in comparison with the rest of the Europe, Spain is Collectivist. Spain is among the countries with the lowest percentage of remote workers.

Markets: Strong startup ecosystem;
Service Sector high in cities, tourism in cities/on the coast;
High unemployment in remote regions;
High number of (family owned) SMEs;
Trying to demand response of energy;

General Overview

Market Overview

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SPAIN - Energy situation

Energy cost:

A huge rise in energy cost in 2021 due to energy supply shortage, the trend continues in 2022 with an average price of 216.04 EUR/MWh - double of 2021 price of 118.69 EUR/MWh

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