BCS601 �Cloud Computing �(With integrated Lab)

2024-2025

Title and Content Layout with List

Complex Experiments (Not for CIE)�

• Create and Manage Cloud Resources: Challenge Lab: In this lab, Students will use the Google Cloud Console and the gcloud command-line tool to create and manage various cloud resources. Start by provisioning virtual machines with specific configurations, such as CPU and memory requirements, and setting up storage
• buckets for data persistence. Students also manage IAM roles to control access to these resources, ensuring that only authorized users can perform actions. The lab emphasizes the importance of understanding the relationships between different Google Cloud services and how to configure them to work together effectively. Successful completion requires a careful approach to resource management, including monitoring, security settings, and cost optimization.
• Set Up an App Dev Environment on Google Cloud: Challenge Lab: This lab focuses
• on setting up a complete development environment on Google Cloud, starting with configuring Cloud Shell and installing the necessary development tools. Students work with Cloud SDK and other programming languages or frameworks required for
• your application. After setting up the environment, Deploy a sample application to test the configuration and ensure that the environment is fully functional. This lab highlights the importance of creating a robust and scalable environment that can support continuous development and deployment processes. Additionally, you must ensure that the environment is optimized for performance and ready to handle real-world application
• development and testing on Google Cloud.

Cloud Shell

• Cloud Shell is an interactive shell environment for Google Cloud 
• manage your projects and resources from your web browser.
• the Google Cloud CLI and other utilities you need are pre-installed, fully authenticated, up-to-date, and always available
• Cloud Shell comes with a built-in code editor with an integrated Cloud Code experience

https://codelabs.developers.google.com/codelabs/cloud-shell#0

Lab 2 : Getting Started with Cloud Shell and gcloud: Discover the use of gcloud commands to manage Google Cloud resources from Cloud Shell.

How cloud shell works?

• Cloud Shell provisions a Compute Engine virtual machine running a Debian-based Linux operating system for your temporary use.
• This virtual machine is owned and managed by Google Cloud, so will not appear within any of your Google Cloud projects.
• Cloud Shell instances are provisioned on a per-user, per-session basis.
• The instance persists while your Cloud Shell session is active; after an hour of inactivity, your session terminates and its VM is discarded.
• Cloud Shell provisions 5 GB of free persistent disk storage mounted as your $HOME directory on the virtual machine instance.
• This storage is on a per-user basis and is available across projects. 

Authorizing with Cloud Shell

• When you make a Google Cloud API call or use a command-line tool that requires credentials (such as the Google Cloud CLI) with Cloud Shell for the first time, Cloud Shell prompts you to authorize. Click Authorize to allow the tool to use your credentials to make calls.

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• When Cloud Shell is started, the active project in the Google Cloud console is propagated to your gcloud configuration inside Cloud Shell for immediate use. GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT, the environmental variable used by Application Default
• WEB_HOST points to the hostname of your Cloud Shell VM which you can use to make HTTPS requests to the environment

Pre-configured environment variables

Available Tools

Activate Cloud Shell

1. Answer the following questions about Google Cloud

• How many regions?
• How many zones?
• How many network edge locations?
• How many countries/territories?
• Where is it located in india?

https://cloud.google.com/shell/docs/launching-cloud-shell

Ephemeral Mode

• If you do not need persistent storage, use Cloud Shell in ephemeral mode. In ephemeral mode, you can get started with Cloud Shell faster because there is less set up and there is no disk attachment or archive. However, this means that all the files you create during your ephemeral mode session are deleted with the VM when the session ends.

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• To choose ephemeral mode, append ephemeral=true to the https://shell.cloud.google.com URL. For example: https://shell.cloud.google.com/?ephemeral=true.

Adjust the display window

Authorize

https://codelabs.developers.google.com/codelabs/cloud-shell#1

Set/List project

preethisheba_h@cloudshell:~$ gcloud config list project

[core]

project (unset)

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Your active configuration is: [cloudshell-25811]

preethisheba_h@cloudshell:~$ $HOME

-bash: /home/preethisheba_h: Is a directory

preethisheba_h@cloudshell:~$ gcloud config set project light-depot-450506-c6

Updated property [core/project].

preethisheba_h@cloudshell:~ (light-depot-450506-c6)$ gcloud config list project

[core]

project = light-depot-450506-c6

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Your active configuration is: [cloudshell-25811]

preethisheba_h@cloudshell:~ (light-depot-450506-c6)$

Getting Help

Using gcloud commands

preethisheba_h@cloudshell:~ (light-depot-450506-c6)$ gcloud config list

[accessibility]

screen_reader = True

[component_manager]

disable_update_check = True

[compute]

gce_metadata_read_timeout_sec = 30

[core]

account = preethisheba.h@cmrit.ac.in

disable_usage_reporting = False

project = light-depot-450506-c6

[metrics]

environment = devshell

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Your active configuration is: [cloudshell-25811]

Create a Compute Engine from gshell

• Compute Engine lets you create and run instances on Google infrastructure. This document explains how to create a Compute Engine instance.
• The terms Compute Engine instance, compute instance or instance are synonymous.
• Based on the machine type that you specify, an instance can be either a bare metal instance or a virtual machine (VM) instance, as follows:
• If the name of its machine type ends in -metal, an instance is a bare metal instance, which does not have a hypervisor installed.
• Otherwise, an instance is a VM instance. The terms virtual machine instance, VM instance, and VM are synonymous.

preethisheba_h@cloudshell:~ (light-depot-450506-c6)$ gcloud init

Welcome! This command will take you through the configuration of gcloud.

…

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Pick configuration to use:

[1] Re-initialize this configuration [cloudshell-25811] with new settings

[2] Create a new configuration

Please enter your numeric choice: 1

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Your current configuration has been set to: [cloudshell-25811]

…

Checking network connection...done.

Reachability Check passed.

Network diagnostic passed (1/1 checks passed).

---

Select an account:

[1] preethisheba.h@cmrit.ac.in

[2] Sign in with a new Google Account

[3] Skip this step

Please enter your numeric choice: 1

You are signed in as: [preethisheba.h@cmrit.ac.in].

Pick cloud project to use:

[1] light-depot-450506-c6

[2] Enter a project ID

[3] Create a new project

Please enter numeric choice or text value (must exactly match list item): 1

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Your current project has been set to: [light-depot-450506-c6].

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Do you want to configure a default Compute Region and Zone? (Y/n)? Y

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Which Google Compute Engine zone would you like to use as project default?

If you do not specify a zone via a command line flag while working with Compute Engine resources,

the default is assumed.

[7] us-central1-c

[8] us-central1-a

[13] us-west1-a

Please enter numeric choice or text value (must exactly match list item): 7

Gcloud compute instances create

• To create an instance with your own configuration, use the gcloud compute instances create command.
• You can't use this command to create instances in bulk or instances that run container images. Instead, do the following:
• To create instances in bulk, use the gcloud compute instances bulk create command.
• To create instances to deploy containers, use the gcloud compute instances create-with-container command.

https://cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud/reference/compute/instances/create

Machine family

• General-purpose —best price-performance ratio for a variety of workloads.
• Storage-optimized —best for workloads that are low in core usage and high in storage density.
• Compute-optimized —highest performance per core on Compute Engine and optimized for compute-intensive workloads.
• Memory-optimized —ideal for memory-intensive workloads, offering more memory per core than other machine families, with up to 12 TB of memory.
• Accelerator-optimized —ideal for massively parallelized Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) compute workloads, such as machine learning (ML) and high performance computing (HPC). This family is the best option for workloads that require GPUs.

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https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/creating-instance-with-custom-machine-type

https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/machine-resource

Machine family, series, type

• Machine family: A curated set of processor and hardware configurations optimized for specific workloads.
• Machine series: Machine families are further classified by series, generation, and processor type.
• Each series focuses on a different aspect of computing power or performance. For example, the E series offers efficient VMs at a low cost, while the C series offer better performance.
• The generation is denoted by an ascending number. For example, the N1 series within the general-purpose machine family is the older version of the N2 series.
• A higher generation or series number usually indicates newer underlying CPU platforms or technologies. 
• Machine type: Every machine series offers at least one machine type. Each machine type provides a set of resources for your compute instance, such as vCPUS, memory, disks, and GPUs.

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Predefined machine types�

• Predefined machine types come with a non-configurable amount of memory and vCPUs. Predefined machine types use a variety of vCPU to memory ratios:

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• highcpu — from 1 to 3 GB memory per vCPU; typically, 2 GB memory per vCPU.
• standard — from 3 to 7 GB memory per vCPU; typically, 4 GB memory per vCPU.
• highmem — from 7 to 14 GB memory per vCPU; typically, 8 GB memory per vCPU.
• megamem — from 14 to 19 GB memory per vCPU
• hypermem — from 19 to 24 GB memory per vCPU; typically, 21 GB memory per vCPU
• ultramem — from 24 to 31 GB memory per vCPU

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• Local SSD machine types are a special predefined machine type. The machine type name ends in -lssd.
• Bare metal machine types are a special predefined machine type. The machine type name ends in -metal

Shared-core machine types�

• The E2 and N1 series contain shared-core machine types. These machine types timeshare a physical core which can be a cost-effective method for running small, non-resource intensive apps.

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• E2: offers 2 vCPUs for short periods of bursting.

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• N1: offers f1-micro and g1-small shared-core machine types which have up to 1 vCPU available for short periods of bursting.

Machine family and series recommendations

https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/machine-resource

Gcloud compute instances create

E2 shared-core

Create VM using gcloud CLI

preethisheba_h@cloudshell:~ (light-depot-450506-c6)$ gcloud compute instances create my-vm \

--machine-type=e2-micro

NAME: my-vm

ZONE: us-central1-c

MACHINE_TYPE: e2-micro

PREEMPTIBLE:

INTERNAL_IP: 10.128.0.5

EXTERNAL_IP: 34.66.137.168

Starting and stopping your instance

View VM details and status

$ gcloud compute instances list

NAME: my-vm

ZONE: us-central1-c

MACHINE_TYPE: e2-micro

PREEMPTIBLE:

INTERNAL_IP: 10.128.0.5

EXTERNAL_IP: 34.66.137.168

STATUS: RUNNING

$gcloud compute instances describe my-vm

canIpForward: false

cpuPlatform: Intel Broadwell

creationTimestamp: '2025-02-15T04:35:10.002-08:00'

deletionProtection: false

disks:

- architecture: X86_64

autoDelete: true

boot: true

deviceName: persistent-disk-0

diskSizeGb: '10'

Connect to a VM

https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/ssh

gcloud compute ssh my-vm

Updating project ssh metadata...working.Updated

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Updating project ssh metadata...done.

Waiting for SSH key to propagate.

Warning: Permanently added 'compute.1285378715733014290' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.

Linux my-vm 6.1.0-29-cloud-amd64 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Debian 6.1.123-1 (2025-01-02) x86_64

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The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;

the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the

individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

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Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent

permitted by applicable law.

preethisheba_h@my-vm:~$ whoami

preethisheba_h

preethisheba_h@my-vm:~$ lscpu

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• Compute Engine sets a username and creates a persistent SSH key pair with the following configurations:

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• Your username is the username set by your organization's Cloud Identity or Google Workspace administrator.

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• your public SSH key is stored in your Google Account.
• Your private SSH key is stored on your local machine in the google_compute_engine file.
• ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

Shutdown a VM

• Exit the shell
• Check all the resources are removed

preethisheba_h@my-vm:$ exit

logout

Connection to 34.66.137.168 closed.

gcloud beta compute instances stop my-vm --discard-local-ssd=true

https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/stop-start-instance

Viva

1. us-east1-a What is the region? What is the Zone?
2. What is the gcloud CLI command to list the name of the active account?
3. What is the size of persistent disk storage provisioned with cloud shell?
4. List around 5 general purpose workloads and the series of machines most suitable, eg. e2 – Low traffic web servers

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