WEL

COME

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Water Resources Conservation�

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BY

Kamlesh Ramchandra Kamble

Assistant Professor

Department of Geography

Br.B.K.College,Vengurla (Sindhudurg)

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WATER PLANET

Natural Water Cycle

Water is everywhere, so why do we need to conserve it?

Water conservation

• Water conservation includes the policies, strategies and activities to manage fresh water as a sustainable resource, to protect the water, environment, and to meet current and future human demand.

Reasons of Water Conservation

• Population increase

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• Industrialization

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• Urbanization

• Decrease in surface area of Lakes, tanks etc.

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Uses of Water

Comparison of population sizes and shares of the world’s freshwater among the continents

 ACTIVITIES

• Contour Bunding, Continuous Contour Trenching on Hill Slopes
• Planting of local, hardy Trees, Bushes & Grasses over the watershed.

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Percolation Tank-Construction After Construction

Storage Bund

Check Dam

Provides water for year-round irrigation of cropland

Provides water for drinking

Reservoir is useful for recreation and fishing

Can produce cheap electricity (hydropower)

Downstream flooding is reduced

Flooded land destroys forests or cropland and displaces people

Large losses of water through evaporation

Downstream cropland and estuaries are deprived of nutrient-rich silt

Risk of failure and devastating downstream flooding

Migration and spawning of some fish are disrupted

Methods of Irrigation

Drip irrigation

Gravity flow

Center pivot

Water usually comes from an aqueduct system or a nearby river.

Above- or below-ground pipes or tubes deliver water to individual plant roots.

Water usually pumped from underground and sprayed from mobile boom with sprinklers.

What is rain water harvesting ?

• It is the activity of direct collection of rain water
• Rain water can be stored for direct use or can be recharged into the ground water aquifer

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RAIN WATER HARVESTING TECHNIQUES

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There are two main techniques of rain water harvestings.

• Storage of rainwater on surface for future use.
• Recharge to ground water.

The storage of rain water on surface is a traditional techniques and structures used were underground tanks, ponds, check dams, weirs etc

Rain Water Harvesting– Advantages �

• 1.Provides self-sufficiency to water supply
• 2.Reduces the cost for pumping of ground water
• 3.Provides high quality water, soft and low in minerals
• 4.Improves the quality of ground water through dilution when recharged

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5.Reduces soil erosion & flooding in urban areas

6.The rooftop rain water harvesting is less expensive & easy to construct, operate and maintain

7. In desert, RWH only relief

8. In saline or coastal areas & Islands, rain water provides good quality water

Rain Water Harvesting– Advantages

Solutions

Reducing Water Waste

• Redesign manufacturing processes

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• Repair leaking tab

• Landscape yards with plants that require little water

• Use drip irrigation

• Use water-saving toilets, showerheads, and front loading clothes washers

• Collect and reuse household water to irrigate lawns and non-edible plants

• Don't waste energy

• Repair leaking underground pipes