Simple Past Tense & Past Perfect Tense.��

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To understand and use the past tense, to know the form of the regular and irregular past. Students will be able to use the past tense to tell about states that happened in the past, and form questions using the past tense.

Objectives:- Simple Past Tense

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It is used to explain the order of multiple events in a timeline.

Objectives:- Past Perfect Tense

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• They played cricket yesterday.

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• My mother cooked chicken last night.

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• I saw him at the market.

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What is common to the words in blue?

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They tell us that the action happened sometime in the past. So, simple past tense tells us about actions that have taken place earlier.

Read the sentence carefully.

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Normally we add ‘ed’ to most of the verbs to change their forms.

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Examples :–

• She locked the door.
• He jumped five feet.
• Ravi looked at the tiger in awe!

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Verb forms in the Simple Past Tense.

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When verb ends in – e, we add – d

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Examples :-

• The criminal escaped from jail. (escape)
• The little boy closed the box tightly. (close)
• Mr. Rao lived in Patna two years ago. (live)

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Verb forms in the Simple Past Tense.

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We double the last letter and add – ed for verb with single syllable only when the word ends in 1 vowel + 1 consonant.

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Example :-

I grabbed his hand and ran towards the door. (door)

The barber cropped his hair. ( crop)

Tom nodded his head. (nod)

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Verb forms in the Simple Past Tense.

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For verbs that end in – y , we replace – y with – i and add – ed.

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Example :-

• I tried to jump all over the walls. (try)
• Ramesh hurried towards the bus stop. (hurry)
• Catherine carried the notebooks to the staff room. (carry)

Verb forms in the Simple Past Tense.

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There are some verbs which change completely when they change to the past. Such verbs are called irregular verbs.

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Examples : -

• The hunter caught the deer. (catch)
• Rita bought a pen for her brother. (buy)
• She went to the market to fetch some vegetables. (go)

Verb forms in the Simple Past Tense.

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The Simple Past Tense is used to indicate an action completed in the past. It often occurs with adverbs or adverb phrases of past time.

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Example :-

• The steamer sailed yesterday.
• I received his letter a week ago.
• She left school last year.

Use of Simple Past Tense :-

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Sometimes this tense is used without an adverb of time. In such cases the time may be either implied or indicated by the context.

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Example :-

• I learnt Hindi in Nagpur.
• I didn’t sleep well. (i.e. last night)
• Babar defeated Rana Sanga at Khanwa.

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Simple Past is also used for past habits.

Example :-

• He studied many hours everyday.
• She always carried an umbrella.

Use of Simple Past Tense :-

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Past Perfect Tense describes an action completed before a certain moment in the past.

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Example :-

• I met him in New Delhi, in 2015. I had seen him last five years before.
• The train had left before we reached the station.

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If two actions happened in the past, it may be necessary to show which action happened earlier than the other. The Past Perfect is mainly used in such situation.

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Example :-

• Before I went to the office, I had ate my breakfast.
• I had done my exercise when Hari came to see me.
• The thief had ran away before the police came.

Use of Past Perfect Tense :-

Simple Past Tense

Simple Past & Past Perfect Tense :-

I

You

We

They worked/went

He

She

It

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Negative – He did not work.

Interrogative – Did he work?

Structure :- Subject + V2 + Object

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I

You

We

They had worked/had gone

He

She

It

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Negative – He had not worked.

Interrogative – Had he worked?

Structure :- Subject + had + V3 + Object

Past Perfect Tense

Thank You.

Created by :- Sushil Kumar Singh

JNV Tawang