Hand
tools
Content Standards and Learning Competencies
1
Content Standards
Demonstrate an understanding of the uses and maintenance of hand tools, power tools, instruments, and equipment.
2
Performance Standards
The learners perform mensuration and calculations following safety precautions.
3
Learning Competency
Identify the uses and maintenance of hand tools, power tools, instruments, and equipment.
Short Review: I read, and I guess!
Directions: The teacher calls a representative from the class. The chosen learners read and identify the pictures. Let the student think about the name of the tool and its uses.
Answer key:
1. Hammer/Claw Hammer
2. Electric Drill
3. VOM/Multimeter/Multi-tester
4. Jack/Car Jack
5. OBD scanner
1. Lesson Purpose:
The teacher asks the learners what tools they have already used and experienced. Then, let them share their personal stories about how they used the tool and state the purpose for which they used it. After the short sharing, the objectives will be introduced.
1. Differentiate the hand tools, power tools, instruments, and equipment.
2. Identify the common hand tools, power tools, instruments, and equipment used in industrial arts.
3. Explain the uses and functions of each tool, instrument, and equipment.
Key Vocabulary:
Hand tools
-Simple tools you use with your hands, usually not powered.
Power tools
-A tool powered by electricity.
Key Vocabulary:
Hydraulic tools
-Tools operated by fluids such as water or oil under pressure.
Pneumatic tools
-Tools operated by air under pressure and are very powerful.
SUB-TOPIC 1: Hand Tools
1. Explicitation:
Introduction to Hand Tools
-Hand tools play a vital role in everyday activities. Throughout history, individuals have relied on them to perform various practical tasks. Numerous hand tools are available, each serving a specific purpose. It is essential to have a good understanding of their proper usage to achieve optimal results. Neglecting to use these tools correctly can lead to mistakes and accidents. Therefore, craftsmen must choose the right tools for the job.
Hand Tools Classifications
Holding tools
-Bench vise, pipe vise, wood lathe machine, clamps
Driving tools
-Hammers, rubber mallets, and screwdrivers
Measuring tools
-Push-pull tape, caliper, ruler, measuring wheel, meter stick, wire gauge
Guiding tools
-Plumb bob, level hose
Hand Tools Classifications
Tooth Cutting tools
-Handsaw, hacksaw, coping saw
Marking tools
-Pencil, chalk line reel, divider, scratch awl
Edge cutting tools
-Chisel, plane, spokeshave
Boring tools
-Gimlet, bradawl, hand drill
Gripping and squeezing tools
-Pliers, vise grip, wrenches
Hammers
Characteristics
-Hammers are versatile tools with a metal head for striking force and a handle for gripping and control.
Usage
-They are essential for driving nails, shaping metal, and breaking objects apart.
Screwdrivers
Characteristics
-Screwdrivers are hand tools with a handle and a shaft ending in a tip, designed to fit into the head of a screw to turn it. They come in various types and sizes, each suited for specific screw head types and applications.
Usage
-Driving or removing screws.
Wrenches
Characteristics
-Wrenches come in different types, including open-end, box-end, and adjustable wrenches, each tailored for specific tasks and fastener types.
Usage
-Turning nuts, bolts, and other fasteners.
Calipers
Characteristics
-Calipers have adjustable jaws for measuring internal and external dimensions.
Usage
-Precise measurement of physical dimensions.
Precision Screwdrivers
Characteristics
-Small-scale screwdrivers, often with a revolving top for ease.
Usage
-Working with tiny screws, often in electronics.
Riveters
Characteristics
-A hand tool used to apply rivets.
Usage
-Joining two pieces of metal or other materials.
Handsaw
Characteristics
-A manual cutting tool with a toothed blade designed for cutting wood or other materials by hand.
Usage
-Cutting wood and other materials manually.
Pliers
Characteristics
-Pliers are hand tools with two levers joined at a fulcrum, featuring jaws or pincers at one end and handles at the other. They are used for gripping, bending, cutting, and holding objects.
Usage
-Commonly used to grip and twist wires, bend metal components, hold objects firmly in place, and cut wires or cables.
Digital Tape Measures
Characteristics
-Digital display, often with memory functions.
Usage
-Measuring distances with digital readout.
Laser Levels
Characteristics
-Project a laser line to establish straight and level lines.
Usage
-Ensuring straight and level lines for construction.
Digital Multimeters
Characteristics
-Digital display: measure voltage, current, resistance, etc.
Usage
-Testing and troubleshooting electrical components.
Hand Tools in Carpentry/Masonry
Common Tools:
-Hammer
-Chisel
-Handsaw
-Measuring tape
-Level
Uses:
-Driving nails and removing them
-Shaping and carving wood
-Cutting wood to size
-Taking accurate measurements
-Ensuring surfaces are level
Hand Tools in Electrical Work
Common Tools:
-Wire strippers
-Needle-nose pliers
-Voltage tester
-Insulated screwdrivers
-Fish tape
Uses:
-Removing insulation from wires
-Bending and cutting wires
-Testing for live circuits
-Working with electrical components
-Pulling wires through conduits
2. Worked Example
● Have a group activity. Let the students think of at least five hand tools commonly used in carpentry/masonry and electrical work in their respective households and their uses.
● Let them present their work in class.
● Facilitate the discussion, especially when students need further explanations.
Sample:
Hand Tools
Uses
1. Plies/Combination Pliers
Cutting and twisting wires
Lesson 3: Family Tools Word Search Activity
-Find the following words in the puzzle. Encircle them with a ballpoint pen, pencil, or use a highlighter to highlight them.
Activity: “Know, Use, and Master” – Hand Tools Exploration
Objectives:
-Identify different types of hand tools and their uses.
-Demonstrate proper handling and safety precautions.
-Analyze the importance of using the right tool for the right task.
Materials Needed for Hand Tools Exploration
Tool Set
-A set of common hand tools (e.g., hammer, screwdriver, wrench, pliers, measuring tape, saw, chisel)
Worksheets
-Printed or digital worksheets for students to complete
Visual Aids
-Pictures of tools (for students who may not have access to physical tools)
Know: Brainstorming & Identification
Class Discussion
Ask students: "What hand tools do you know? Where have you seen them used?"
Visual Identification
Show pictures or real tools and let students identify their names and functions.
Categorization
Group students and let them categorize tools based on function (e.g., cutting tools, measuring tools, fastening tools).
Use: Hands-on Exploration
1
Tool Examination
If possible, provide real tools for students to examine.
2
Safety Demonstration
Demonstrate proper handling techniques and safety rules.
3
Matching Exercise
Have students match tools with their correct function by completing a worksheet or interactive quiz.
Master: Application & Analysis
1
Scenario-based Learning
Give students different real-life scenarios and ask: "Which tool would you use and why?"
2
Group Discussion
Let students discuss and justify their answers.
3
Reflection
End with a short reflection: "How does knowing hand tools help us in everyday life?"
Worksheet:
Synthesis/Extended�What you have learned�In a one sheet of paper write something you understand about the lesson we discussed today.
Evaluation Quiz
Directions: Read each question carefully and choose the best answer. Encircle the letter of your choice.
1. Which hand tool is used for driving nails into wood?�a. Pliers�b. Screwdriver�c. Hammer�d. Wrench
2. What tool is used to tighten or loosen nuts and bolts?�a. Saw�b. Wrench�c. Chisel�d. Pliers
3. Which tool is best for cutting wood?�a. Screwdriver�b. Chisel�c. Saw�d. Pliers
4. What tool is used to hold objects firmly or cut wires?�a. Wrench�b. Pliers�c. Tape measure�d. Level
5. A screwdriver is mainly used for what purpose?�a. Cutting wood�b. Driving or removing screws�c. Measuring distances�d. Holding objects
6. Which tool is used to measure the length of materials?�a. Saw�b. Level�c. Tape measure�d. Chisel
7. What tool is commonly used to make precise straight cuts in wood?�a. Wrench�b. Saw�c. Chisel�d. Hammer
8. Which tool ensures a surface is straight or level?�a. Tape measure�b. Level�c. Chisel�d. Hammer
9. Which tool is used for shaping and carving wood?�a. Chisel�b. Saw�c. Screwdriver�d. Wrench
10. Why is it important to use the correct hand tool for a task?�a. To save time and effort�b. To prevent damage to materials and tools�c. To work safely and efficiently�d. All of the above
Answers:
1.c. Hammer
2.b. Wrench
3.c. Saw
4.b. Pliers
5.b. Driving or removing screws
Answers:
6.c. Tape measure
7.b. Saw
8.b. Level
9.a. Chisel
10.d. All of the above
Thank You!