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Liver Disorders –III�(Hepatitis)

Dr. Vivek Kr. Singh

Assistant Professor

Department of Veterinary Clinical Complex

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UNIT-2

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“Hepatitis refers to the degenerative and inflammatory process of liver characterized by jaundice, abdominal pain and nervous signs”

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Etiology

Many factors may cause hepatitis and it has been classified accordingly

  • Infectious hepatitis
  • Parasitic hepatitis
  • Toxic hepatitis
  • Nutritional hepatitis
  • Congestive hepatitis

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Pathogenesis

Etiological factors

Necrosis and inflammatory changes in liver parenchyma

Fibrosis of liver parenchyma

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Endotoxin Kupffer cells

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Lysosomal enzymes Collagenase

Prostaglandins

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Damage hepatocytes

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Clinical Findings

  • Anorexia
  • Constipation
  • Sometimes Diarrhoea
  • Mucous membrane pale/ yellow
  • Light coloured faeces with undigested fat
  • Nervous symptoms like

Depression/ Excitement, Atexia, Lethargy etc

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Necropsy Findings

  • Enlargement of liver
  • Swelling of edges
  • Haemorrhages under the capsule
  • Necrosis
  • Presence of parasites
  • Excessive blood accumulation in congestive hepatitis

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Diagnosis

  • History and Clinical signs
  • Palpation and percussion
  • Radiograhy/ Ultrasonography
  • Liver biopsy
  • Liver function test

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Treatment

  • Elimination of primary cause
  • Dietary management ( Excessive amount of carbohydrate and calcium, low in protein and fat)
  • Mild laxatives to relieve constipation
  • Liver tonics and vitamin preparations

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Thank You

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