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Vascular Plants

angiosperm

spore

seed

gymnosperm

pollination

Vascular Plants

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What are vascular plants?

spore (spôr) A single cell that can develop into a plant exactly like the one that produced it.

spore

seed

seed (sēd) An undeveloped plant with stored food in a protective covering.

What are vascular plants?

Start with the CALIFORNIA STANDARDS

5 LS 2.a. Students know many multicellular organisms have specialized structures to support the transport of materials.

5 IE 6.g. Record data by using appropriate graphic representations (including charts, graphs, and labeled diagrams) and make inferences based on those data.

Discuss the Main Idea

Have students observe a small, potted, flowering plant. Ask:

What things from the environment do plants need to survive?

Answer: water, sunlight, soil

What do you predict might happen if a plant gets too much or too little of these things?

Answer: It will probably die.

Develop Vocabulary

spore (spôr) A single cell that can develop into a plant exactly like the one that produced it. (p. 74)

Spores will not grow and produce plants unless they are near water.

seed (sēd) An undeveloped plant with stored food in a protective covering. (p. 74)

Seeds are formed when a male and a female cell join.

- Explain to students that both seeds and spores will grow into new plants. Have students look at a sunflower seed and the brown spores found on the underside of a fern leaf, and compare and contrast their properties.

Critical Thinking

What kind of vascular plant is an apple tree?

Answer: The apple tree is a vascular plant with seeds and flowers.

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What are vascular plants, page 72

Life Science: Vascular Plants

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 1

pgs. 72 - 77

Vascular Plants:

Root System

Vascular Plants:

Underground, anchor plant, absorb nutrients and water from soil, can store food for plants.

Shoot System

Seed Plants

Seedless Plants

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What are vascular plants, page 72

Life Science: Vascular Plants

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 1

pgs. 72 - 77

Vascular Plants:

Root System

Vascular Plants:

Shoot System

Made of stem, leaves of plant. System supports plant, transports materials, and produces food.

Seed Plants

Seedless Plants

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What are vascular plants, page 73

Life Science: Vascular Plants

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 1

pgs. 72 - 77

Seedless Plants

(Video: 1:32)

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How are seedless and seed plants different?

Angiosperm

Gymnosperm

Start with the CALIFORNIA STANDARDS

5 LS 2.a. Students know many multicellular organisms have specialized structures to support the transport of materials.

5 IE 6.g. Record data by using appropriate graphic representations (including charts, graphs, and labeled diagrams) and make inferences based on those data.

Discuss the Main Idea

Have students list plants they think grow from seeds. Ask:

What kinds of seeds do people eat?

Answer: beans, nuts, rice, oats, peas, sunflower, and pumpkin seeds

How are all of these kinds of seeds alike?

Answer: They are all small with firm outer coatings.

Explain to students that not all plants produce seeds. Some plants grow from small structures called spores.

Develop Vocabulary

angiosperm (an’ j ē ә spûrm’) A seed plant that produces flowers. (p. 74)

Fruits, vegetables, grains, and almost all nuts come from angiosperms.

gymnosperm (jim’nә spûrm’) A seed plant that does not produce a flower. (p. 75)

Most gymnosperms are evergreens that have seeds inside their cones.

- Word Origin Explain to students that both words have the same root, sperm, which is the Greek word for seed. The prefix gymnois the Greek word meaning “naked” and the prefix angio- is the Greek word meaning “case or capsule.” Angiosperms produce seeds within fruits, which develop from flowers, and gymnosperms produce seeds that are not enclosed. Have students look at a flower and a pine or fir cone and compare and contrast their structures.

Reading Photos

How are spores and seeds different?

Clue: Look at the size and covering of spores and the seeds.

Answer: Fern spores grow on the plant’s fronds, or leaves. Apple seeds grow inside the plant’s fruit, the apple.

Critical Thinking

How are spores and gymnosperm seeds similar?

Answer: Both can grow into new plants. The wind can move both spores and gymnosperm seeds.

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How are seedless and seed plants different?

angiosperm (an´jē ә spûrm´) A seed plant that produces flowers.

gymnosperm (jim´nә spûrm´) A seed plant that does not produce a flower.

angiosperm

gymnosperm

How are seedless and seed plants different?

Start with the CALIFORNIA STANDARDS

5 LS 2.a. Students know many multicellular organisms have specialized structures to support the transport of materials.

5 IE 6.g. Record data by using appropriate graphic representations (including charts, graphs, and labeled diagrams) and make inferences based on those data.

Discuss the Main Idea

Have students list plants they think grow from seeds. Ask:

What kinds of seeds do people eat?

Answer: beans, nuts, rice, oats, peas, sunflower, and pumpkin seeds

How are all of these kinds of seeds alike?

Answer: They are all small with firm outer coatings.

Explain to students that not all plants produce seeds. Some plants grow from small structures called spores.

Develop Vocabulary

angiosperm (an’ j ē ә spûrm’) A seed plant that produces flowers. (p. 74)

Fruits, vegetables, grains, and almost all nuts come from angiosperms.

gymnosperm (jim’nә spûrm’) A seed plant that does not produce a flower. (p. 75)

Most gymnosperms are evergreens that have seeds inside their cones.

- Word Origin Explain to students that both words have the same root, sperm, which is the Greek word for seed. The prefix gymnois the Greek word meaning “naked” and the prefix angio- is the Greek word meaning “case or capsule.” Angiosperms produce seeds within fruits, which develop from flowers, and gymnosperms produce seeds that are not enclosed. Have students look at a flower and a pine or fir cone and compare and contrast their structures.

Reading Photos

How are spores and seeds different?

Clue: Look at the size and covering of spores and the seeds.

Answer: Fern spores grow on the plant’s fronds, or leaves. Apple seeds grow inside the plant’s fruit, the apple.

Critical Thinking

How are spores and gymnosperm seeds similar?

Answer: Both can grow into new plants. The wind can move both spores and gymnosperm seeds.

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Life Science: Vascular Plants

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 1

pgs. 72 - 77

Classifying Vascular Plants:

Seed Plants:

Seedless Plants:

Develop from spores. These are single cells that develop into a new plant exactly like the plant that produced it (clone).

Seed plants have seeds that contain an undeveloped plant, stored food, and protective cover.

Angiosperms:

Gymnosperm:

Produce flowers. Fruits, vegetables, grains, nuts

No flowers. Produce seeds inside cones.

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Life Science: Vascular Plants

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 1

pgs. 72 - 77

Determine vascular or nonvascular.
Does it produce seeds or spores.
If seeds, is it flowering or non-flowering.

What steps would you take to classify a plant?

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Life Science: Vascular Plants

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 1

pgs. 72 - 77

Seeds and spores can be carried away by wind, water, or animals, then grow in new places.

How are spores and gymnosperm seeds similar?

(Video: 1:40)

How do gymnosperms disperse seeds?

Seeds form in Cones. Cones fall, break open on ground, releasing seeds.

Ex. Evergreens

How are seeds and spores dispersed?

Both grow into new plants. The wind moves both spores and gymnosperm seeds

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Life Science: Vascular Plants

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 1

pgs. 72 - 77

How are seedless and seed plants different, Pg. 74, 75

Seedless plants:

How do seed and seedless plants develop? List the steps for each.

Male and female cells join, form a seed

Seedling uses food stored in seed

Seedling grows with sunlight, water, soil

Seed plants:

Capsules grow on the plants stalk.

Capsules open, release many spores.

Spores open, grow near soil & water.

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Life Science: Vascular Plants

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 1

pgs. 72 - 77

Spores grow on the plant’s leaves or stems. Seeds grow inside a cone or inside the plants fruit. Cones open and spill seeds onto ground. Animals eat the whole fruit and poop out seed, making the seed fertilized and ready to grow when exposed to soil, water, and sunlight.

What do flowers do, Pg. 76

Flowers are the reproductive organ for Angiosperms. They usually have both male and female structures.

How are spores and seeds similar?

Flowers:

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Life Science: Vascular Plants

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 1

pgs. 72 - 77

What do flowers do, Pg. 76

How are spores and seeds similar?

Flowers:

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What do flowers do?

stamen

pollen grains

pistil

seed

ovary

pollination (pol´ә nā´shәn) The process in which the male and female cells of plants come together.

pollination

What do flowers do?

Start with the CALIFORNIA STANDARDS

5 LS 2.a. Students know many multicellular organisms have specialized structures to support the transport of materials.

5 IE 6.g. Record data by using appropriate graphic representations (including charts, graphs, and labeled diagrams) and make inferences based on those data.

Discuss the Main Idea

Have students smell an aromatic flower such as a rose, honeysuckle, jasmine, or lavender. Ask:

How could having an odor be an advantage to a flower?

Answer: Insects and animals are attracted to the smell of the flower, move around in it to collect nectar, and thus get pollen on their bodies that they carry to another flower. The pollen can fertilize this flower.

Develop Vocabulary

pollination (polª ә nāº sh әn) The process in which the male and female cells of plants come together. (p. 76)

After pollination a seed develops that lets the plant reproduce.

- Explain to students that the root word pollen comes from the Latin pollen meaning “fine flower.” Ask them to explain how the suffix –ination changes the meaning of this work.

Reading Diagrams

A flower can produce millions of pollen grains and only a few egg cells. Why do you think this is?

Clue: Examine the stamen and the pistil in the diagram.

Answer: The plant could only support a limited number of seeds, but pollen could go to many, many other plants.

Critical Thinking

Why are many fruit plants trees?

Answer: Vascular plants that bear fruit must have sturdy stems on trunks to support the flowers with a good transport system.

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Life Science: Vascular Plants

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 1

pgs. 72 - 77

Tall thin tubes, male part, produce male cells (pollen grains)

Stamen:

Parts of a flower:

Pedals:

Color, sent used to attract insects

Pistil:

Large tube, female part, pollen grains travel down to ovary

What do flowers do, Pg. 76

Bottom of Pistil, seeds become fertilized when pollen grains come into ovary, develop into plant.

Ovary:

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Life Science: Vascular Plants

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 1

pgs. 72 - 77

What do flowers do, Pg. 76

Mr. Bumble Bee is drawn to a flower.

Collects a lot of pollen on his hairy body as he moves in flower.

Pollen falls off insect into pistil. Pollen fertilizes seed. Can happen in same flower or a different one.

When flower dies, ovary drops fertilized seeds to ground.

Add sunlight, water, and soil, new angiosperm grows.

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Life Science: Vascular Plants

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 1

pgs. 72 - 77

What is fertilization?

What do flowers do, Pg. 76

Why do flowers have bright colors?

Flowers have bright colors, scents, and nectar to attract insects and animals to be pollinators. Pollen grains become attached to animals and are transferred to other flowers.

Pollen (male cell) travels down the pistil until it reaches the female egg cell. When the pollen and egg cell join, they form a seed. As the seed develops, the ovary enlarges until it becomes a fruit. The fruit protects the seeds inside.

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Life Science: Vascular Plants

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 1

pgs. 72 - 77

What do flowers do, Pg. 76

How are seeds dispersed?

Seeds can be carried by wind, water, or moved by animals (stuck to fur, or by digestion).

How could having an odor be an advantage to a flower?

Insects/animals are attracted to the smell of the flower, collect the pollen and move it to another flower.

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Life Science: Vascular Plants

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 1

pgs. 72 - 77

What do flowers do, Pg. 76

A Flower can produce millions of pollen grains and only a few egg cells. Why do you think this is?

The plant could only support a limited number of seeds, but pollen could go to many other plants.

Summary: