Science Starter

Classify each of the following as a behavioral, physical or NOT an adaptation.

A.) Hawks have sharp claws to catch prey.

B.) Plants move towards the sun to catch more sunlight.

C.) Cacti have long roots to help grow in the desert.

D.) Human blood is red.

Science Starter

• After watching the clip - explain why you think the fish has adapted to make this elaborate formation?

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YOGvVn7IWVY

PLAY WITH NO SOUND stop at 1 min 09 sec.

Objectives

• SWBAT explain the process of artificial selection.
• SWBAT identify artificial vs. natural selection.

Artificial Selection�Vs. �Natural Selection

Natural Selection

• Organisms better adapted to environment survive and reproduce more offspring
• Proposed by Charles Darwin
• This happens naturally over time and does not require the help of humans

Artificial Selection

• Man made selections to breed plants or animals and produce desirable traits.
• Artificial mating or cross-pollination (or used to use cutting) is used to cross similar desirable characterisitics (phenotypic traits)
• Referred to as Selective Breeding

Selective Breeding

• the process of selecting or choosing specific plants or animals to breed for particular desirable genetic traits

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• typically, strains which are selectively bred are domesticated, and the breeding is sometimes done by a professional breeder

Selective Breeding

Bred animals are known as breeds, while bred plants are known as varieties.

WHY??? Lets think

• New breeds –

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• New varieties -

Smaller, softer, gentler, better with small children, hair instead of fur,

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Tastier, thicker skin, larger fruit or vegetable, drought resistant

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Selective Breeding

Pros Cons

Can not control genetic mutations

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Accidental damage health of an animal while selectively breeding

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Interrupt natural evolution -Loss of Speciation and poor adaptation

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New variety of “good” crops or animals

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No safety issues like with biotechnology

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Helps eliminate disease

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Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide

Cauliflower Varieties

Leafy Sea Dragon

Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide

Cauliflower Varieties

Leafy Sea Dragon

NATURAL SELECTION

SELECTIVE

BREEDING

Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide

Bengal Cat

Tesonite (Corn)

Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide

Bengal Cat

Tesonite (Corn)

SELECTIVE

BREEDING

SELECTIVE

BREEDING

Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide

Liger

Puggle

Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide

Liger

Puggle

SELECTIVE

BREEDING

SELECTIVE

BREEDING

Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide

Eyes that rotate in all directions

zebra

Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide

Eyes that rotate in all directions

zebra

NATURAL SELECTION

NATURAL SELECTION

Summary

• Today I learned about _______________________. The main process that is used to achieve this is _________________________________________________. The reason mankind does this is ______________. I still have questions about ________________.

Dog Breeding - artificial selection or selective breeding

Species are organisms that can reproduce and the offspring is healthy and able to reproduce

(make babies that can make babies)

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Dogs are part of one species Canis familiaris

there are over 400 breeds (subspecies)

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Scenario - apartment dwelling (small and quiet), small children (trainable and mild disposition)

- small, meek disposition, average trainability, and not to loud

- big but meek and very quiet,

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• Flip coin for offspring traits. You will flip 3x for 3 puppies.
• Heads is mom’s trait
• Tails is dad’s trait.

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Scenario- One Trait- SIZE

- Mom: small (heads)

**YOU WILL WRITE IN MOM/DAD’s TRAITS ON YOUR PUPPY SHEET!

- Dad: large (tails)

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• Puppy 1:
• Puppy 2:
• Puppy 3:

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small

small

large

Flip #1

Flip #2

Flip #3

Making your own dog

• Circle the traits to make the best dog to get waterfowl from lakes unharmed
• Pick 2 dog breeds to mate to try to make your dog
• Write in mom and dad’s traits in the Puppy Table Next to each trait
• Flip the penny 3 times for and write in each trait to make 3 puppies.
• Mom= heads Dad= tails
• Draw your puppy that best matches your desired traits underneath your puppy table.

Exit Ticket

• Artificial selection is the same as what?

a.) natural selection b.) survival of the fittest c.) selective breeding d.) genetic variation

2. Artificial selection does not do which of the following?

a.) change evolution b.) create new breeds

c.) reduce genetic variability d.) shorten lifespans

3. T/F Artificial selection controls all future mutations.

4. T/F Natural selection can result in change increasing likelihood of reproduction but increasing chance of becoming prey.

5. T/F Artificial selection always results in positive change.