Enjoy the Lesson-22
FOR MIDDLE SCHOOL
Teacher: Akmal Akbarov
Defining Vs. Non-Defining Relative Clauses
Difference Defining Vs. Non-Defining Relative Clauses.
Difference Defining Vs. Non-Defining Relative Clauses.
Difference Defining Vs. Non-Defining Relative Clauses.
Defining Relative Clauses
Function: Defining relative clauses provide essential information about the noun. They help to identify the noun and are necessary for the sentence's meaning.
Punctuation: No commas are used to separate the defining relative clause from the rest of the sentence.
Defining Relative Clauses
The project manager who successfully led the last marketing campaign will oversee the upcoming product launch.
In this sentence, the defining relative clause "who successfully led the last marketing campaign" is essential for identifying which project manager we are talking about.
Defining Relative Clauses
Employees that complete the required training will be eligible for the new job positions.
Here, the defining relative clause "that complete the required training" specifies which employees will be eligible for new job positions.
Defining Relative Clauses
The professor who authored our textbook will be conducting the advanced seminar on literature soon.
In the study context, the defining relative clause "who authored our textbook" is crucial for identifying the specific professor.
Non-Defining Relative Clauses
Function: Non-defining relative clauses provide additional, non-essential information about the noun. They offer extra details but do not affect the sentence's core meaning.
Punctuation: Non-defining relative clauses are set off by commas.
Non-Defining Relative Clauses
The CEO, whose innovative strategies transformed the company, announced plans for global expansion.
In this sentence, the non-defining relative clause "whose innovative strategies transformed the company" provides additional information about the CEO but is not essential for identification.
Non-Defining Relative Clauses
Our supervisor, who has worked in the industry for over two decades, shared valuable insights during the team meeting.
The non-defining relative clause “who has worked in the industry for over two decades" adds extra information about the supervisor without changing the core meaning.
Non-Defining Relative Clauses
Our biology professor,
who is known for her groundbreaking research, will be delivering a lecture on campus tomorrow.
Here, the non-defining relative clause "known for her groundbreaking research" gives more information about the biology professor but does not impact the sentence's essential meaning.
Let’s Practice What You Have Just Learnt
1
The professor Noam Chomsky, who has been teaching at the University of Harvard since 1995, conducted an engaging lecture on literature analysis.
Non-Defining Relative Clauses
In this example, the information about the professor’s teaching career is non-defining and provides extra details without changing the essential meaning of the sentence.
2
The company that secures the new contract will gain a significant market advantage.
Defining Relative Clauses
Identifying the specific company is crucial for understanding the sentence.
3
The student who consistently attends lectures tends to perform better on exams.
Defining Relative Clauses
Identifying the specific student who attends lectures is essential for the sentence.
4
Our manager, having recently returned from a business trip, shared updates on market trends.
Non-Defining Relative Clauses
The non-defining clause adds information about the manager's recent activity without changing the core meaning.
5
Employees who complete the safety training can operate the machinery in the factory
Defining Relative Clauses
The defining clause specifies which employees are eligible to operate the machinery.
6
Google CEO, recognized globally for his leadership skills, spoke at the industry conference
Non-Defining Relative Clauses
Additional information about the CEO's global recognition is provided but not essential for identification.
Let’s Challenge What You Have Just Learnt
Non-Defining Relative Clause
Our colleague …………………., whose expertise lies in artificial intelligence,
is ……………….
Defining Relative Clauses
………………….. who presented the innovative idea in the meeting will ……………
Defining Relative Clause
…………’s department whose members consistently meet deadlines has received …………………..
Defining Relative Clause
The team that participated in international conference ……..
Non-Defining Relative Clause
The marketing team, which has been working on the new campaign, is …………………..
Non-Defining Relative Clause
Our CEO, who
is highly respected in the industry, will ……………
Non-Defining Relative Clause
Latest company announcement, which was shared this morning, …….
Non-Defining Relative Clause
………………..., who
has recently celebrated his/her five-year work anniversary, is ………………….
Defining Relative Clause
The project that we initiated last quarter is …..…
YOUR HOMEWORK
Watch the documentary & get ready for the next lesson.