Year 8: Population

Key terms:

Population density – relates population to area, (average) the total population in a country or region divided by its area (people per sq.km). Can be sparse (spread out) or dense (packed in)

Birth rate – the number of births per 1000 people

Death rate – the number of deaths per 1000 people 

Natural increase – The difference between the BR & the DR 

Migration – controls the shape of population pyramids, at a natural scale, birth & death rates are most important, migration is important in smaller areas (cities/ regions).

Life expectancy – how long people in certain countries are expected to live.

Population pyramids – age & sex structure of a population can be shown in this type of graph, factors control the shape, birth & death rates & migration.

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Year 8: Tectonic Activity

Glossary:

Crust: outer layer of the earth, thin solid rock broken into plates

Mantle layer directly under the crust made of semi molten rock

Outer Core liquid mental which moves giving us our magnetic field

Inner core solid mental centre of the earth.

Tectonic plate a large section of the earths crust which carries water or land

Oceanic Plate and thinner denser plate which carries water

Continental Plate a thicker lighter plate which carries land

Convection currents movements n the mantle causing by rising and sinking molten rock which cause the plates to move.

Volcano a vent in the earths crust from which molten rock erupts

Plate boundary where 2 plates meet.

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Destructive plate boundary where 2 plates move towards each other

Constructive plate boundary where plates move apart

Earthquake is a sudden violent shaking of the ground, typically causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the Earth's crust or due to volcanic action.

Tsunami a large wave created by an underwater earthquake

Shield Volcano a volcano with a wide base and gentle sloping sides, which is formed on a constructive plate boundary

Composite Volcano a steep sided volcano which erupts with violent force found on destructive plate boundaries

Focus the point under the surface where the earthquake happens

Epicentre point on the surface directly above the focus where the earthquake is strongest

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