Level 11 Automation
Dr. Marvin L. “Lenard” Simpson, Jr.
By
Dr. Lenard Simpson
Command and Control Theory
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Understanding emerges when a person evaluates core beliefs and assumptions about the world
Command and Control Theory
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Current Technology has two Nasty failure models�1) “Here you have it!”
Command and Control Theory
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Or�2) Fails to recognize error
Command and Control Theory
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Ten Levels of Automation
Thomas B. Sheridan and William L. Verplank, (1978) “HUMAN AND COMPUTER CONTROL OF UNDERSEA TELEOPERATORS”
10. The computer decides everything, acts autonomously, ignoring the human.
9. Informs the human only if it, the computer, decides to.
8. Informs the human only if asked, or
7. Executes automatically, then necessarily informs the human, and
6. Allows the human a restricted time to veto before automatic execution, or
5. Executes that suggestion, if the human approves, or
4. Suggests one alternative
3. Narrows the selection down to a few, or
2. The computer offers a complete set of decisions/ actions alternatives, or
1. The computer offers no assistance human must take all decisions and actions.
Command and Control Theory
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Revision 1.0
Human-Machine teaming can use the same scale
Command and Control Theory
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Level 11 Automation would be defined from the computer prospect as Computer Overrides Human
Command and Control Theory
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In the end (when a high level of computer cognition is reached), the entity (human or computer) that best understands the totality of reality and how their decision will be reflected in that reality must be encouraged to execute their vision.
Command and Control Theory
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Better decisions will not eliminate Accidents
Command and Control Theory
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There is a potential to lower the number of Accidents
Command and Control Theory
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Normal Accident Theory
Command and Control Theory
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Three Ages of Computers
Dr. John E. Kelly III, Computing, cognition and the future of knowing
Command and Control Theory
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Current AI/ML
Command and Control Theory
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Clustering vs Cause and Effect
Command and Control Theory
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The Math of Cause and Effect is maturing
Command and Control Theory
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Next AI/ML Revolution
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Advances in Technology will Continue
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Now is the time to plan for where, when, and how to use Level 11 Automation!!
Command and Control Theory
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Questions
Command and Control Theory
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Revision 1.0