Enacting Transformation Through�Arts-Based Collaborative Design Research

EVY LAREAU

Ph.D. Dissertation Defense

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START GAME

How can a collaborative game design process create a space where co-designers actively negotiate what gender equity means?

GENDER EQUITY

Educational Problem

COLLABORATIVE GAME DESIGN

Context for Inquiry

MULTIMODAL INTERACTION

Meaning-Making in Process

ABCDR

INTRODUCTION

CHALLENGE

DESIGN

How was collaborative�design enacted and�negotiated?

EQUITY

How was gender equity�negotiated, challenged,�and transformed?

TRANSFORMATION

How did multimodal�interaction contribute to�transformative learning?

ANALYTIC LENS

Multimodal Analysis + FPDA

through DaVinci Resolve Studio

FACILITATION

What did my own multimodal interactions afford?

OBJECTIVE

INTRODUCTION

7 CO-DESIGNERS

GENDER EQUITY

EDUCATION

GAME DESIGN

Steve

Melissa

Quentin

Evy

Researcher • Facilitator • Co-Designer

Tobi

Phil

Darren

THE ABCDR COLLECTIVE

INTRODUCTION

PARTICIPATION

REFLECTION

COLLABORATION

ITERATION

DESIGN

MAKING

+

KNOWING

Recursive

•

Participatory

•

Multimodal

COMPONENTS

ABCDR

PROCESS

The ARTIFACT changed the PROCESS.�The PROCESS changed the ARTIFACT.

ARTIFACT

WHAT ARE WE MAKING?

SETUP

COOPERATIVE • SCENARIO-DRIVEN • EDUCATOR PROFESSIONAL LEARNING

Student

♟

Support

●

Scenario

✦

Resource

◇

Crisis

⚠

CAN WE SUPPORT EVERY STUDENT?

CLASSROOM CROSSROADS

SETUP

13 MONTHS

20 MEETINGS

MULTIMODAL ARCHIVE

▶

VIDEO

◉

AUDIO

≡

TRANSCRIPTS

▤

ARTIFACTS

◇

PROTOTYPES

▥

COLLABORATIVE�DOCUMENTS

▦

RESEARCHER�REFLECTION

HOW DO I REDUCE THE DATA WITHOUT REDUCING THE MEANING?

THE ARCHIVE EXPANDS

SETUP

FULL ARCHIVE

FAMILIARIZATION

MULTIMODAL�INTERACTIONS

FPDA�INTERPRETATIONS

ANALYTIC CLAIMS

MULTIMODAL�COMPOSITION

MACRO

MESO

MICRO

FROM ARCHIVE → INTERPRETATION

GAMEPLAY

POSITIONING

◀ ◉

POWER

◀ ◉

COMPETING�DISCOURSES

◀ ◉

AGENCY

◀ ◉

IDENTITY�CONSTRUCTION

◀ ◉

SUBJECTIVITY

◀ ◉

What happened?

How was meaning constructed�multimodally?

What does FPDA make visible?

WHAT CHANGED OVER TIME?

WHAT DOES FPDA MAKE VISIBLE?

GAMEPLAY

BUILDING A CLAIM

00:00:00

00:10:00

00:20:00

00:30:00

00:40:00

INITIAL POSITION

DISRUPTION / CONTRADICTION

NEGOTIATION

CHANGED POSITION / PRACTICE / DESIGN

MULTIPLE SEQUENCES → LONGITUDINAL CLAIM

CROSSROADS UNLOCKED

11

POSITIONING

◀ ◉

POWER

◀ ◉

COMPETING�DISCOURSES

◀ ◉

AGENCY

◀ ◉

IDENTITY�CONSTRUCTION

◀ ◉

SUBJECTIVITY

◀ ◉

GAMEPLAY

CROSSROAD 1

00:00:00

00:10:00

00:20:00

00:30:00

00:40:00

INITIAL CONDITION

Timeline 1

EARLY EVIDENCE

Timeline 2

TRANSFORMATION

Timeline 7

LATER CONSOLIDATION

Timeline 14

CONTRADICTION

Timeline 16

LATE EVIDENCE /�COMPLICATION

Timeline 16

RETROSPECTIVE�VERIFICATION

Timeline 17

COLLABORATION WAS LEARNED

I → YOU → WE

“Mess is the process.”

DEFERENCE → NEGOTIATION → SHARED AUTHORITY

CROSSROADS UNLOCKED

GAMEPLAY

CROSSROAD 2

00:00:00

00:10:00

00:20:00

00:30:00

00:40:00

INITIAL CONDITION

Timeline 2

EARLY EVIDENCE OF�EXPERT AUTHORITY

Timeline 5

BOUNDARIES BEGIN�TO SHIFT

Timeline 8

TRANSFORMATION /�REDISTRIBUTION

Timeline 14

COMPLICATION /�CONTRADICTION

Timeline 15

RETROSPECTIVE�VERIFICATION

Timeline 17

FINAL LONGITUDINAL�VERIFICATION

Timeline 17

WHO IS AUTHORIZED TO KNOW?

GAME DESIGN • EDUCATION • GENDER EQUITY

“That’s a really great idea. But how does that translate into cardboard?”

EXPERTISE BECAME RELATIONAL + DISTRIBUTED

CROSSROADS UNLOCKED

GAMEPLAY

CROSSROAD 3

CROSSROAD 3

INITIAL CONDITION

EARLY / RECURRENT�EVIDENCE

PRODUCTIVE TURN /�TRANSFORMATION

LATER CONSOLIDATION

CONTRADICTION /�DEVIANT CASE

RETROSPECTIVE�VERIFICATION

IS IT A GAME?

IS IT A LEARNING EXPERIENCE?

FUN ↔ LEARNING • MECHANICS ↔ EQUITY • WINNING ↔ EQUITY

BALANCE ↔ REPRESENTATION • RULES ↔ CONVERSATION

“This process really requires us to sit with uncertainty.”

WE LEARNED TO DESIGN WITH THE TENSION.

CROSSROADS UNLOCKED

GAMEPLAY

5

6

8

14

14

15

CROSSROAD 4

INITIAL CONDITION /�CONCEPTUAL UNCERTAINTY

EARLY PROBLEM WITH GENDER CATEGORIES

DESTABILIZING THE�“DEFAULT”

RELATIONAL TURN

REFLEXIVE�TRANSFORMATION

CONCEPTUAL�TRANSFORMATION

MATERIALIZATION IN�THE MECHANICS

COMPLICATION /�PROTECTING GENDER

FORMALIZATION /�VERIFICATION

THERE IS NO “DEFAULT” STUDENT.

GENDER • RACE • SEXUALITY • CLASS • DISABILITY • PRIVILEGE

INSTITUTIONAL POWER

“There is no normal, there is no…

default setting for humans.”

GENDER EQUITY INTERSECTIONAL • RELATIONAL • MATERIAL

CROSSROADS UNLOCKED

GAMEPLAY

3

3

4

5

6

10

11

10

10

CROSSROAD 5

EARLY CONTRADICTION /�POLITICAL DISRUPTION

CONSTRAINT BECOMES�DESIGN MATERIAL

REPRESENTATIONAL�CONTRADICTION

PERSONAL / REFLEXIVE�DISCOMFORT

INTERSECTIONAL�CONTRADICTION

ETHICAL / MECHANICAL�DISCOMFORT

TRANSFORMATION OF�THE CO-DESIGNER

COMPLICATION:�CONTRADICTION DOES�NOT ALWAYS RESOLVE

CONTRADICTION

CRISIS

“I don’t want to be fighting for them, but I have to.”

CONTRADICTION INTERRUPTION REFLECTION NEGOTIATION REPOSITIONING

CROSSROADS UNLOCKED

GAMEPLAY

1

1

4

6

11

16

17

15

CROSSROAD 6

INITIAL CONDITION:�PARTICIPATION AS�COLLECTIVE PRACTICE

MULTIMODAL MEANING�BECOMES NECESSARY

PLAY REVEALS WHAT�DESIGN TALK CANNOT

MATERIAL ARRANGEMENT�PRODUCES DISCOMFORT /�KNOWLEDGE

SHARED TECHNICAL�KNOWLEDGE ENABLES�PARTICIPATION

MULTIMODAL ACCESS�BECOMES A DESIGN�PRINCIPLE

SUSTAINED PARTICIPATION�BECOMES PART OF�COLLECTIVE IDENTITY

COMPLICATION:�CONTINUITY HAS A COST

PARTICIPATION WAS MORE THAN PRESENCE.

SPEECH • GESTURE • ARTIFACTS • PLAY

REFLECTION • MEMORY • RELATIONSHIPS

“If you missed one, you missed a lot.”

SUSTAINED PARTICIPATION CREATED ACCESS TO RELATIONAL LEARNING.

CROSSROADS UNLOCKED

GAMEPLAY

1

4

8

9

14

16

16

16

SIX CROSSROADS. ONE PROCESS.

TRANSFORMATION

1. COLLABORATION

2. EXPERTISE

3. GAME / LEARNING

4. GENDER EQUITY

5. CONTRADICTION

6. PARTICIPATION

SUSTAINED PARTICIPATION CONTRADICTION + DISCOMFORT REFLEXIVE NEGOTIATION

REPOSITIONING CHANGED DESIGN CHANGED UNDERSTANDING

GAME END

HOW DO YOU WIN EQUITY?

YOU DON’T.

YOU CONTINUALLY NEGOTIATE IT.

METHODOLOGICAL

ABCDR

ANALYTIC

Multimodal Analysis +�FPDA + DaVinci Resolve

SUBSTANTIVE

Gender-Equity�Professional Learning

TRANSFORMATIVE

Collaborative Design

Animation cue: reveal YOU DON’T. on click; pause; reveal YOU CONTINUALLY NEGOTIATE IT. on next click.

GAME END

WHAT WAS TRANSFORMED?

=

MULTIMODAL COMPOSITION

THE ARTIFACT AND THE PROCESS BECAME

CONDITIONS OF TRANSFORMATION FOR ONE ANOTHER.

GAME END

ARTIFACT

PROCESS

+

“DON’T TOUCH MY PEG!”

WHO DOES GET TO MOVE THE PIECES?

WHO DECIDES THE RULES?

WHOSE OPINION MATTERS?

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN THE RULES BECOME NEGOTIABLE?

COLLABORATE. REFLECT. CREATE CHANGE TOGETHER.

GAME END

FINAL MOVE

INTRODUCTION

COMPONENTS

SETUP

GAMEPLAY

GAME END