Updates on the ISWAT�H3 cluster: �Radiation Environment in Heliosphere: SEPs and GCRs��Jingnan Guo�University of Science and Technology of China�University of Kiel, Germany�

H3: Radiation Environment in Heliosphere: SEPs and GCRs

• The goal of the ISWAT H3 cluster (https://iswat-cospar.org/h3) is to understand, characterize and predict the fluxes of the two major sources of energetic particle radiation in the heliosphere, solar energetic particles (SEPs) and Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs).
• This cluster brings interested researchers together with the aim to improve the understanding of SEPs and GCRs and also to prepare for mitigating radiation risks associated with human space explorations. There are three H3 action teams:
• SEP Model Prediction Validation
• Understanding the Suprathermal Seed Population
• Heliophysics for Artemis and Beyond

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Action Team 2 (https://iswat-cospar.org/H3-02)�Understanding the Suprathermal Seed Population

• Goal: Understand the suprathermal population variability and how It may enable more reliable SEP model predictions.
• Topics of Discussion:
• How does the seed population vary in space (spectral forms in solar transient events, IP medium, shocks, etc)?
• What is the importance of the seed population properties in SEP modeling and shock-acceleration simulations?
• How does the variability in the suprathermal population affect the outcome of SEP models/simulations?
• Recent Actions: Participants discussed a detailed outline for a Suprathermal paper in response to Topic Issue 1 of the ISWAT Roadmap. A common google doc file is created.
• Team Lead: Maher Dayeh (maldayeh@swri.edu)

Team 2: Participants

Action Team 1 (https://iswat-cospar.org/H3-01)�SEP Model Prediction Validation �

Objectives:

• Collaborate directly with modelers to collect SEP model predictions for as many SEP models as possible that exist in the research and operations communities
• Develop a generalized coding infrastructure to validate all types of SEP models for quantities important for operations and science.
• Create a validation pipeline that uses the same inputs required by CCMC's SEP Scoreboard
• Determine the best-uses of the available data sets for validation; Derive validation data sets
• Provide modelers with measurements that may be interpreted as the suprathermal seed particle spectrum prior to each event

Action topics:

• Community campaigns to assess capabilities and improvements in SEP models
• Recent and upcoming campaigns include: SHINE 2018, 2019, ESWW 2018, SHINE2021.

Team Leads: Katie Whitman kathryn.whitman@nasa.gov, Phil Quinn philip.r.quinn@nasa.gov, Hazel Bain hazel.bain@noaa.gov, Mark Dierckxsens Mark.Dierckxsens@aeronomie.be, M. Leila Mays , m.leila.mays@nasa.gov Ian Richardson  ian.g.richardson@nasa.gov

Action Team 3 (https://iswat-cospar.org/H3-03)�Heliophysics for Artemis and Beyond

• Introduction: Artemis has provided the Heliophysics community with a rare set of new possibilities. An increase in launches to the Moon will enable new rideshare and payload opportunities. As crewed missions regularly venture beyond low Earth orbit to the Moon and eventually to Mars, understanding the local space weather will be of renewed importance. With human health on the line, there is an added emphasis on ensuring that new space weather products provide actionable information.
• Objectives: The Space physics for Artemis and beyond team will focus on making the most of the new opportunities provided by Artemis. We aim to ensure that our instruments are safe for astronauts to service and deploy while pure science will inform new potential applied space weather tools.
• Action topics: Multi-spacecraft measurements of SEPs and GCRs distributed in the heliosphere (Solar Orbiter, Parker Solar Probe, L5, Mars, Jupiter, etc.); Automatization and improving operational forecasts; Generating inputs to Living Global Space Weather Roadmap
• Team Leads: Alexa Halford (Alexa.J.Halford@nasa.gov), Brian Walsh (bwalsh@bu.edu), Eddie Semones (edward.j.semones@nasa.gov)

COSPAR Roadmap Special Issues of �Advances in Space Research: H3 cluster

Action Team 1: 2 papers

Action Team 2: 1 paper

Action Team 3: ? paper

H3 Roadmap overview paper

Attempted outline of the H3 overview paper

• 1: Why? the importance of understanding space radiation
• 2: What we know (physical understanding) & what we can (modeling capabilities of both physical-based models and empirical models), in particular focusing on the advances in the past 5-10 years
• 3: What we don’t know (i.e., physics in the processes of acceleration & transport) & What is lacking (in terms of predictive capabilities e.g., observational input of the solar surface, limitations on the physical parameters in the model such as the seed population, diffusion coefficient etc.).
• 4: Future scientific focuses and recommendations (e.g., the need of more observations at other locations in the heliosphere, better exploitation of the current observations, more synergistic analysis of electrons and protons, more coordination with other groups (SHG), more work force, better communication with and between space agencies)

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• Authorship: We’d like to try sth new and perhaps feature a female team as co-authors.
• Plan in Google drive:
• https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1sEdjjSWD-pXPWBmIVKivyJjzwbRqSWMQ
• Write in overleaf: https://www.overleaf.com/read/hyymqqbthrvk

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Injection, Acceleration, Transport

Planetary impact, Radiation Effect