Orientation on Disability

Office of Diversity and Inclusion &

Office Of Accessible Education

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About Office of Diversity & Inclusion ��

• The vision of this office is to make the IIT Delhi campus a truly inclusive and accessible place for all, where everyone feels they belong and have an equal opportunity to thrive and grow.

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• We interface with all other units of the institute and work to create an equitable space on campus in academics, infrastructural resources and co-curricular and extra curricular activities.

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About Office Of Accessible Education

• The Office of Accessible Education (OAE) aspires to cater to the needs of students with disability thus aiming to provide a comprehensive and accessible environment at IIT Delhi. Special assistance from academics, reasonable accommodation, infrastructure requirements is taken care of by the Office.
• The main objective of the Office is to ensure equal opportunities in all aspects for every student with a disability (SwD) on the campus. The Office also aims to provide various resources and appropriate services to the students, thus enabling an inclusive ecosystem at the campus.

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Orientation On Disability & Accessibility

Legal Definition of Disability

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Definition of Disability - Persons with disabilities include those who have long-term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairments which in interaction with various barriers may hinder their full and effective participation in society on an equal basis with others.

Policies on disability inclusion in India :

1. The Persons with Disabilities ( Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation Act 1995
2. The Rehabilitation Council Of India Act 1992
3. The National Trust Act 1999 ( Welfare of Persons with Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Mental Retardation and Multiple Disabilities
4. The Convention of Rights Of Persons with Disabilities 2007
5. The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act 2016

Orientation On Disability & Accessibility

Orientation On Disability & Accessibility

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1995

2016

Persons of Disability Act (1995) -

7 defined categories (Blindness, low vision, leprosy cured, loco motor disability, hearing impairment, mental retardation, mental illness)

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Persons with Disability Act (2016) –

21 categories of disabilities . They are the ones recognized earlier + Learning disability + Intellectual disability + Blood disorders + Multiple disorders.

DISABILITY ACTS

The Convention of Rights Of Persons with Disabilities 2007

• The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) was adopted by the UN in 2006 in response to discrimination and human rights violations experienced by people with disability across the world.
• The CRPD is a major step towards changing negative perceptions of disability and ensuring that countries recognize that people with disabilities must be provided with opportunities to live life to their fullest potential on an equal basis with others.

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Educational Rights Under RPWD Act 2016

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Chapter III of the Act deals with the education of disabled children. 

• Section 16 of the Act imposes a duty on government funded educational institutions to provide inclusive education to disabled children.
• Educational institutions are prevented from discriminating against children suffering from disabilities and are required to provide education, sports and recreation facilities to the disabled children
• Provide them with reasonable accommodation, make the campus more accessible to them, ensure that dead and blind children are imparted education using appropriate means of communication and suitable pedagogic means
• Provide them with transport facilities and monitor their participation and progress. 
• Section 17 aims at promoting inclusive education. It provides that the government and the local authorities are responsible for setting up training institutes and for training staff and professions on how to promote inclusive education.
• Children with a benchmark disability are entitled to free books and other learning materials until they attain the age of 18 years. 
• Section 32  provides for a 5% reservation in all government higher education institutes and those educational institutes that are beneficiaries of government funds.

Orientation On Disability & Accessibility

Disability Rehabilitation Institutes in India

• National Institute for the Empowerment of Persons with Visual Disabilities (NIEPVD)

• Ali Yavar Jung National Institute of Speech and Hearing Disabilities (AYJNISHD

• National Institute for the Empowerment of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities  (NIEPID)

• National Institute for Empowerment of Persons with Multiple Disabilities (NIEPMD)

• Pt. Deendayal Upadhyaya National Institute for Persons with Physical Disabilities (PDUNIPPD)

• Swami Vivekanand National Institute of the Rehabilitation Training and Research (SVNIRTAR)

• National Institute for Locomotor Disabilities (NILD)

• Indian Sign Language Research & Training Centre (ISLRTC)

• National Institute of Mental Health and Rehabilitation (NIMHR)

Orientation On Disability & Accessibility

21 TYPES OF DISABILITY -RPWD ACT 2016:

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1. Blindness

2.Low-vision

3.Leprosy Cured persons

4.Hearing Impairment (deaf and hard of hearing)

5.Locomotor Disability

6.Dwarfism

7.Intellectual Disability

8.Mental Illness

9.Autism Spectrum Disorder

10.Cerebral Palsy

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11.Muscular Dystrophy

12.Chronic Neurological conditions

13.Specific Learning Disabilities

14.Multiple Sclerosis

15.Speech and Language disability

16.Thalassemia

17.Hemophilia

18.Sickle Cell disease

19.Multiple Disabilities including deaf-blindness

20.Acid Attack survivors

21. Parkinson’s disease

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Orientation On Disability & Accessibility

Presentation title

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21 Disabilities

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Orientation On Disability & Accessibility

Blindness - Blindness is defined as the state of being sightless. A person with visual impairment is unable to see. In a strict sense the word blindness denotes the condition of total blackness of vision with the inability of a person to distinguish darkness from bright light in either eye.

Low-vision-

Low vision is the loss of sight that is not correctible with prescription eyeglasses, contact lenses or surgery. This type of vision loss does not include complete blindness, because there is still some sight and it can sometimes be improved with the use of visual aids.

दृष्टिबाधित

कम दृष्टि

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Leprosy Cured Persons- Leprosy, also known as Hansen’s disease (HD), is a chronic infectious disease caused by a bacteria called Mycobacterium leprae. The disease mainly affects the skin, the peripheral nerves, mucosal surfaces of the upper respiratory tract and the eyes.

Hearing Impairment- Hearing impairment is a partial or total inability to hear. It is a disability which is sub-divided in two categories of deaf and hard of hearing.  “Deaf” means persons having 70 dB hearing loss in speech frequencies in both ears.  “

कुष्ठ रोग से पीड़ित व्यक्ति

Orientation On Disability & Accessibility

श्रवण बाधित

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Locomotor Disability - Locomotor Disability means problem in moving from one place to another — i.e. disability in legs. Locomotor Disability includes spinal cord injuries, polio, rickets, spinal bifida, congenital deformities of hip/s and limb/s, deformities of spine, muscular dystrophy and amputation.

Dwarfism- Dwarfism is a growth disorder characterized by shorter than average body height. Dwarfism is generally defined as an adult height of 4 feet 10 inches (147 centimeters) or less. The average adult height among people with dwarfism is 4 feet (122 cm)

लोकोमोटर दिव्यांगता

द्वारफिस्म

Orientation On Disability & Accessibility

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Orientation On Disability & Accessibility

Intellectual Disability- Intellectual disability, also known as general learning disability and mental retardation (MR), is a condition characterized by significant limitation both in intellectual functioning (reasoning, learning, problem solving) and in adaptive behavior which covers a range of every day, social and practical skills.

Mental Illness Mental illness or mental disorder refers to a substantial disorder of thinking, mood, perception, orientation or memory that grossly impairs judgment, behavior, capacity to recognize reality or ability to meet the ordinary demands of life.

मानसिक बीमारी

बौद्धिक अक्षमता

मानसिक बीमारी

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Orientation On Disability & Accessibility

Autism Spectrum Disorder - Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurological and developmental disorder which affects communication and behavior. Autism can be diagnosed at any age. But still it is called a “developmental disorder” because symptoms generally appear in the first two years of life.

10. Cerebral Palsy- Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a disabling physical condition in which muscle coordination is impaired due to damage to the brain. It occurs at or before child birth. Cerebral Palsy is not a progressive condition; meaning it does not get worse with time. However, muscle disuse could increase the extent of disability over the period of time

ऑटिज्म स्पेक्ट्रम डिस्ऑर्डर

सेरेब्रल पाल्सी

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Orientation On Disability & Accessibility

Muscular Dystrophy

Muscular Dystrophy (MD) is a group of neuromuscular genetic disorders that cause muscle weakness and overall loss of muscle mass. MD is a progressive condition; meaning that it gets worse with the passage of time.

Chronic Neurological Conditions

Examples of Chronic Neurological Conditions: 1. Alzheimer’s disease and Dementia 2. Parkinson’s disease 3. Dystonia 4. ALS (Lou Gehrig’s disease) 5. Huntington’s disease 6. Neuromuscular disease 7. Multiple sclerosis 8. Epilepsy 9. Stroke

क्रोनिक न्यूरोलॉजिकल रोग 

�मस्कुलर डिस्ट्रॉफी

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Orientation On Disability & Accessibility

Specific Learning Disabilities

Specific Learning Disabilities is a group of disabling conditions that hampers a person’s ability to listen, think, speak, write, spell, or do mathematical calculations. One or more of these abilities may be hampered.

Multiple Sclerosis

In Multiple Sclerosis (MS), the immune system of body attacks the Central Nervous System, which includes brain and spinal cord. As a result of MS, the myelin sheath covering on neurons gets damaged.

विशिष्ट सीखने की अक्षमता

मल्टीपल स्क्लेरोसिस

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Orientation On Disability & Accessibility

Speech and Language Disability

A permanent disability arising out of conditions such as laryngectomy or aphasia affecting one or more components of speech and language due to organic or neurological causes.

Thalassemia

Thalassemia is a genetically inherited blood disorder which is characterized by the production of less or abnormal hemoglobin. As we know, hemoglobin is a protein found in Red Blood Cells. Hemoglobin is responsible for carrying oxygen around in the body. Thalassemia results in large numbers of red blood cells being destroyed, which leads to anemia.

भाषण और भाषा दिव्यांगता

थैलेसीमिया

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Orientation On Disability & Accessibility

Hemophilia

Hemophilia is a blood disorder characterized by the lack of blood clotting proteins. In the absence of these proteins, bleeding goes on for a longer time than normal.

Sickle Cell Disease

Sickle Cell Disease is a group of blood disorders that causes red blood cells (RBCs) to become sickle-shaped, misshapen and break down. The oxygen-carrying capacity of such RBCs reduce significantly. It is a genetically transferred disease.

हीमोफीलिया

सिकल सेल रोग

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Multiple Disabilities including Deaf-blindness

Multiple Disabilities is the simultaneous occurrence of two or more disabling conditions that affect learning or other important life functions. These disabilities could be a combination of both motor and sensory nature.

Acid Attack Survivors

An acid attack victim means a person disfigured due to violent assaults by throwing of acid or similar corrosive substance

Parkinson’s disease

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is Central Nervous System disorder which affects movement. Parkinson’s disease is characterized by tremors and stiffness.

अंधापन सहित कई दिव्यांग

एसिड अटैक की शिकार

पार्किंसंस रोग

Orientation On Disability & Accessibility

PERSON FIRST LANGUAGE

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MYTH

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People with disabilities are brave and courageous

FACT

Adjusting to a disability requires

adapting to a lifestyle, not bravery and courage

All persons with hearing disabilities can read lips.

Lip-reading skills vary among people who use them and are never entirely reliable.

Wheelchair use is confining; people who use wheelchairs are "wheelchair-bound."

A wheelchair, like a bicycle or an automobile, is a personal assistive device that enables someone to get around..

People who are blind acquire a "sixth sense."

Although most people who are blind develop

their remaining senses more fully, they do not have a "sixth sense."

The lives of people with disabilities are totally different than the lives of people without disabilities.

People with disabilities go to school, get

married, work, have families, do laundry, grocery shop, laugh, cry, pay taxes, get angry, have prejudices, vote, plan and dream like everyone else.

Interaction with a Person with Locomotor Disability or Wheelchair User – Do’s & Don’t

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1. Don’t Assume … ASK- Don't judge or assume

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• Don’t touch, push or lean over someone’s wheelchair – It is their personal space

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• Make direct communication and not through their friend / caregiver / interpreter
• Always ask before offering help ; refrain from unwanted sympathy

Orientation On Disability & Accessibility

Interaction with a Person with Hearing Impairment -Do’s & Don’t

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20XX

Orientation On Disability & Accessibility

1. Do not cover your mouth or look around while speaking / or move hands too much

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• When interacting with people who prefer lip reading use a well-lit, glare-free space when talking to them

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• Speak clearly and at a normal pace
• Repeat or rephrase or write it down

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Interaction with a Person with Visual Impairment - Do’s & Don’t

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Orientation On Disability & Accessibility

1. Identify yourself and others in the place – Hi Samuel, it’s Rohan

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• Indicate when you are moving away or leaving the conversation
• Offer your arm - don’t take theirs – simultaneously guide them verbally 4.
• Don’t touch the person’s cane

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• Be specific. Words such as “here” and “there” are too general for descriptive use

The following are some of the things to consider when interacting with individuals with disabilities:

• Always ask before you help
• People desire to be independent and treated with respect
• Be respectful about physical contact
• People depend on their arms for balance, consider equipment part of their personal space
• Think before you speak
• Speak directly to the person
• Don’t make assumptions
• People are the best judge of what they can or cannot do
• An accommodation is not a complaint

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Orientation On Disability & Accessibility

EVACUATION /EMERGENCY PROTOCOLS

Visual Impairments

• Most persons with visual impairments will be familiar with their immediate surroundings. In the event of an emergency, tell the person with a visual impairment the nature of the emergency and offer to guide the person to the nearest emergency exit.
• Tell the person the nature of the emergency and offer to guide him/her by offering your left/right elbow (this is the preferred method when acting as a "Sighted Guide"). Do NOT grasp a blind or person with low vision's arm.
• Do not shout at a person who is blind or has reduced vision. Speak clearly and provide specific directions.
• As you walk, tell the person where you are and advise him or her of any obstacles. When you reach safety, orient the person to where he or she is and ask if any further assistance is needed.
• To communicate with someone who is deaf-blind, trace letters in their hand with your finger.
• Do not assume that the person cannot see you.
• Avoid the term "over there"; describe positions such as, "to your right / left / straight ahead / behind you”. 

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Hearing Impairments

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• Some persons with hearing impairments may not perceive audio emergency alarms and will need to be alerted to the situation by gestures or by turning the light switch off and on. Do not use the light switch technique if you smell natural gas in the area. Emergency instructions can be given by verbalizing, mouthing, or by a short, explicit note. Example: Fire alarm go out south doors now
• Get the person's attention via a visual cue or a gentle touch on their arm. Do not approach the person from behind
• Face the person, make eye contact when speaking to them as they may rely on lip reading and communicate in close proximity. Speak clearly and naturally. Do not shout or speak unnaturally slowly.
• Use gestures to help illustrate your meaning.
• If there is time, it may be helpful to write a message.
• Hearing aids amplify sounds and can create a physical shock to the user, so do not make loud noises
• Note that some people may be deaf-blind
• Give visual instructions to advise about the safest route or direction by pointing toward exits or evacuation maps

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Orientation On Disability & Accessibility

Disability Simulation Sensitization Activity

• Wheelchair Use Activity
• T-Shirt Wearing Activity
• Hearing Activity
• Mirror Maze
• Blindfold Activity

Lets take a walk with a cane…………..

Orientation On Disability & Accessibility

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