ACT ELA
Lesson #3
Grammar 101
Objective
By the end of the lesson, student will be able to:
1 minute
Bellringer - Agree or Disagree
1. When a subject is singular, the verb is also singular. For example: She walks her dog daily.
2. Verb tenses can only be in present and past.
3. Prepositions are words that show a relationship between nouns and other words in a sentence.
3 minutes
Agree
Agree
Disagree. Present, past, future.
Parts of Speech Review
Noun-a person, place, or thing.
Pronoun-takes the place of a person, place, or thing.
Subject-the person or thing that is speaking, feeling, or doing in a sentence.
Verb-the action that the subject is speaking, feeling, or doing in a sentence. Verbs tenses are present, past, and future.
Preposition-shows how a noun or verb connects to something else in the sentence.
2 minutes
We Do: Find the Kind!
WE DO
NOUN + VERB = COMPLETE SENTENCE.
Everything else is extra information.
The teacher walked into the classroom.
The students are reading under the tree.
The seniors attended the graduation ceremony at the arena.
The books on the shelf belong to my sister.
2 minutes
WHO? DID WHAT? WHERE?
NOUN VERB PREPOSITION
More complicated
NOUN + VERB = COMPLETE SENTENCE.
Everything else is extra information.
Bart became a great baseball player after years of training and practice.
One of Diane’s daughters loved swimming, running, and bicycling.
3 minutes
WHO? DID WHAT? BECAME WHAT? WHEN? AFTER YEARS OF WHAT?
SUB VERB EXTRA INFO EXTRA INFO EXTRA INFO
SUB EXTRA INFO VERB EXTRA INFO
SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT
A verb must agree with its subject. Singular with singular and plural with plural.
BUT IT LOOKS LIKE THEY ARE OPPOSITES.
Subject Verb Example
Singular/One Ends in -s, -es runs, eats, goes,
Plural/More than one DOES NOT end in -s, -es run, eat, go
Catherine wants candy. One Catherine = wants
The kids want candy. Many kids = want
The kid who ate all the chips ___________ more candy.
WANTS
Subject-Verb Agreement: Helping Verbs
Helping verbs HELP the main verb.
Some helping verbs can stand alone and others need another verb.
Verb Stand Alone Helping
BE (IS, AM, ARE, WAS, WERE) She is happy. She is walking.
HAVE (HAS, HAD) They have lunch. They have eaten.
DO (DID, DONE) I do homework. I do finish it.
CAN (COULD) NO! She can run fast.
WILL (WOULD) NO! Sarah will be late.
Noun V Noun/Feeling Noun HV Verb
Noun Verb Noun Noun HV Verb
N V Noun N HV Verb
Let’s put it together
Identify the subject/noun, the verb/helping verb in each of the sentences.
NOUN
HV VERB
NOUN
HV VERB
NOUN
HV VERB
Choose the correct verb for each of the sentences.
Hint: Cross out the prepositional phrase.
Each of the dogs ________ a treat. (want, wants)
A box of chocolates __________ on the table. (were, was)
Subject-Verb Agreement: Collective Nouns
Collective nouns represent a group but ARE SINGULAR. Some examples are audience, class, family, team, society.
The volleyball team plays in the championship game tonight.
Everyone is having a good time at the barbeque.
My family likes going on vacation in the winter.
The audience cheers loudly every time she takes the stage.
1 minute
Let’s try it!
WE DO
When determining whether a subject is plural or singular
DO NOT BE FOOLED by prepositional phrases and collective nouns!
Only one of the juniors _____ going to the prom. (is, are)
The senior class ______ chosen the graduation speaker. (has, have)
Each of the student council members _______ to help decorate for prom. (want, wants)
Everyone ______ happy to see Paul. (was, were)
2 minutes
PRONOUNS: SINGULAR or PLURAL
Anya collects vintage stamps, and the stamps are very delicate so Anya keeps the stamps in Anya’s special air tight box so the stamps won’t be destroyed.
A pronoun keeps us from being repetitive by REPLACING a noun in a sentence.
Whether a PRONOUN is singular or plural depends on the noun it replaces.
Tyra works at the movie theater. Tyra collects tickets and Tyra works the snack counter. Sometimes Tyra helps clean up after a movie, which is Tyra’s favorite because Tyra always finds treasures.
they
them
they
she
her
We Do: Pronoun Check
2 minutes
Ibrahim and Hector worked on a group project together, and got an A. (he, they)
Sonya and I are partners and need to finish the project. (she, we)
Mr. Rivera told the students could have an extension. (she, they)
She assured that I would win. (us, me)
Jonah believes that the coat belongs to . (him, them)
You Do: Thumbs Up or Down
Remember to consider nouns and prepositional phrases!
Each of the students must hand in their homework by Friday.
The teacher told Tim and me that him and me would have extra time to complete the test.
She and I are responsible for finishing the project on time.
Her and me went to the library to study.
Use pronoun case and agreement to help you determine correct or incorrect grammar.
3 minutes
3-2-1
3 minutes
Summarize your learning.
List and explain 3 grammar strategies that you found most useful.
List and explain 2 grammar connections you made during the lesson.
Ask 1 question about the grammar lesson in which you need clarity.
EXIT TICKET: MINI CHECK
Rate this session: 1-5
How many did you get correct?
Did you feel confident in answering the questions?
I will ace the ACT!
PRONOUNS: SINGULAR, PLURAL, or POSSESSIVE
SUBJECT Does the action | OBJECT Receives the action | POSSESSIVE Shows ownership |
I | Me | Mine |
You | You | Yours |
He | Him | His |
She | Her | Hers |
It | It | Its |
We | Us | Ours |
They | Them | Theirs |
A pronoun keeps us from being repetitive by REPLACING a noun in a sentence.