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CLIMATE CHANGE

and

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Water Resources

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Prof.Dr. Ahmet DEMIRAK

Environmental Problems Research and Application Center of Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University (Kötekli-Muğla, Türkiye

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Climate change is

one of the

biggest

global issues.

Its effects are felt

all over the world.

greenhouse gases

life styles

and habits

production styles

In fact, it is not correct to attribute climate change only to greenhouse gas emissions. It is the result of our lifestyle, values, habits and production styles. It is the result of modernity dating back 200-250 years.

climate change

environmental quality problems

The reaction is easy. But it is difficult to understand and analyze of this reaction

If the phenomenon is the beginning of an end, it is difficult to predict and define the end from this phenomenon.

Climate change affects every phase

of our lives, including physical

and natural environment, urban

life, development and economy,

technology, human rights,

agriculture and food, clean

water and health.

In other words, climate

change affects the

ecosystem.

In order to understand the impact of climate change on the ecosystem/water resources, can the meaningless but important questions given below be answered clearly

-How does climate change affect the ecosystem/ water resources?

-How long will climate change continue to affect

the ecosystem/ water resources?

-How much does climate change affect

the ecosystem?

biochemical processes in soil

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In order to understand the impact of

climate change on the ecosystem,

it is necessary to be able to

describe the physicochemical

and biochemical processes

in soil, water and air caused

by climate change.

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These processes are very complex and difficult to understand.

However, I would like to introduce a few processes in this presentation.

(Modified ) Fang el al. 2018

Climate Change

Direkt Effects

Indirect Effects

-Water Temperature Increase

-Changes in Hydrological Cycle

-(Bio-) Chemical Reactions

-Nutrient and Contaminant Concentrations

Negative Effects on Water Quality

Climate Changes

Environment

Water Resources

Temperature

Droughts

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Rainfalls

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Floods

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Nutrients

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Micro-pollutants

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Pathogens

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Cyanobacteria

ACIDIFICATION

source: http://www.oceanacidification.org.uk

Nitrification/Denitrification

Tilstra et al., 2019

Nitrification/Denitrification

Thakur and Medhi, 2019

Biswas et al., 2018

Mobility, and bioavailability of metals in soil

In a doctoral thesis completed in 2023, the potential risks posed to the environment and human health by the changes that may occur in the mobility of heavy metals contained in the sediments that turn into soil and/or have the potential to turn into soil under the effect of climate change in the Büyük Menderes (Turkey) basin were evaluated. (INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON METAL MOBILIZATION IN THE SEDIMENT IN THE BÜYÜK MENDERES BASIN (TÜRKİYE), Nigar Zeynalova, Advisor prof. Dr. Ahmet Demirak)

In this doctoral thesis, we aimed to evaluate the possible different effects of climate change and to draw attention to the chemical changes of pollutants, which are natural or human-made in the ecosystem and have low environmental and health risks under current conditions, in new conditions that occur as a result of climate change

• Some of the results obtained at the end of the doctoral thesis are as follows.
• It was determined that the heavy metals contained in the sediments that turned into soil and had the potential to turn into soil in the studied basin posed a potential risk for the environment and human health.
• As a result of the effects of climate change, it is seen that natural or anthropogenic pollutants may further exacerbate regional pollution problems and increase risks to ecosystems with synergistic effects. However, considering the complexity of the interactions, preventive studies need to be carried out with a holistic approach.
• Ultimately, it is seen that the effects of climate change will spread not only to immediate effects such as drought and drying of water resources, but also to much wider areas, considering the chain reaction mechanisms that can completely affect the environment and public health.

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References

-Tilstra, A., El-Khaled, Y.C., Roth, F., Rädecker, N., Pogoreutz, C., Voolstra, C.R., Wild, C., Denitrifcation Aligns with N2 Fixation in Red Sea Corals. Scientific Reports | (2019) 9:19460 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-55408-z.

-Thakur, I.S., Medhi, K., Nitrification and denitrification processes for mitigation of nitrous oxide from waste water treatment plants for biovalorization: Challenges and opportunities. Bioresource Technology Volume 282, June 2019, Pages 502-513

-Fang, J., Yu, G., Liu,L., Hu, S., Chapin, F.S. Climate change, human impacts, and carbon sequestration in China. PNAS | April 17, 2018 | vol. 115 | no. 16 | 4015–4020. --https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/115/16/4015.full.pdf

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-https://journals.openedition.org/sapiens/1684

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-Biswas, B., Qi, F., Biswas,J.K., Wijayawardena,A., Islam Khan, M.A., and Naidu, R., The Fate of Chemical Pollutants with Soil Properties and Processes in the Climate Change Paradigm—A Review Soil Syst. 2018, 2, 51; doi:10.3390/soilsystems2030051

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References

W. Verweij J. van der Wiele I. van Moorselaar E. van der Grinten, 2010 Impact of climate change on water quality in the Netherlands. RIVM, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands Tel +31 30 274 91 11 www.rivm.nl

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Shabnam Choudhary & Ganapati N. Nayak & Neloy Khare Source, mobility, and bioavailability of metals in fjord sediments of Krossfjord-Kongsfjord system, Arctic, Svalbard. Environmental Science and Pollution Research (2020) 27:15130–15148 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-07879-1.

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Lianhua Liu, Wei Ouyang, Yidi Wang, Mats Tysklind, Fanghua Hao, Hongbin Liu, Xin Hao, Yixue Xu, Chunye Lin, Liya Su. Heavy metal accumulation, geochemical fractions, and loadings in two agricultural watersheds with distinct climate conditions. Journal of Hazardous Materials 389 (2020) 122125.

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Jerker Jarsjö, Yvonne Andersson-Sköld, Mats Fröberg, Jan Pietroń, Robin Borgström, Åsa Löv , Dan B. Kleja. Projecting impacts of climate change on metal mobilization at contaminated sites: Controls by the groundwater level. Science of the Total Environment 712 (2020) 135560

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Yadvinder Malhi, Janet Franklin, Nathalie Seddon, Martin Solan, Monica G. Turner, Christopher B. Field and Nancy Knowlton. Climate change and ecosystems: threats, opportunities and solutions.2020. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 375: 20190104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0104.

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Serkan ÖZDEMİR, Kürşad ÖZKAN, Ahmet MERT . Biological Diversity and Conservation. Review article/Derleme makalesi DOI: 10.46309/biodicon.2020. 762985 13/3 (2020) 361-371

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Christopher B. Field, Ecological Impacts of Climate Change (2008), by the Committee on Ecological Impacts of Climate Change

Ju-Hyoung Kim, Nahyun Kim, Hanbi Moon, Sukyeon Lee, So Young Jeong, Guillermo Diaz-Pulido, Matthew S. Edwards, Ju-Hyun Kang, Eun Ju Kang, Hyun-Ju Oh, Jae-Dong Hwang, Il-Nam Kim, Global warming offsets the ecophysiological stress of ocean acidification on temperate crustose coralline algae, Marine Pollution Bulletin 157 (2020) 111324.

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