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• Introducing Oneself
• Emails and Letters
• Possessive Pronouns
• Using “Be” and “Have”
• Subjective and Objective Pronouns
• Intoducing Other People

Introducing Oneself

Read the following texts aloud, in turns.

Text 1

Text 2

There are similarities between e-mails and letters. In composing either, we use:

• Salutation, such as: Hello Berliana, Dear Madam, Dear Sir, Dear Aunt Siwi;

• The body of an e-mail/a letter;

• Signature/closing, such as: Kind regards, Best regards, Love, Lots of love, Yours sincerely, Yours faithfully.

Back to Chapter I

E-mails and Letters

Possessive Pronouns

1. I’d like to start my online fashion business, but mine targets on men.
2. Surely, it’s different from yours.
3. We usually sell ours during car free days and on special occasions, such as a night fair.

Read the following sentences and see the words in bold.

The words in bold are possessive pronouns. A possessive pronoun shows ownership. Unlike possessive adjectives (my, your, his, her, our, their, its) which are followed by nouns, possessive pronouns stand on their own, without any nouns.

See the difference below.

Using “Be” and “Have”

1. I am Alfa Pradana Sakti.

2. My mother, Mrs. Arumi, is a clerk and my father, Mr. Effendi, is a teacher.

3. Mrs. Arumi and Mr. Effendi are Alfa’s parents.

4. I have a younger brother named Beta Pradana Utama.

5. I have an elder sister named Sekar Biru.

6. So, Sekar Biru has two brothers, Alfa Pradana Sakti and Beta Pradana Utama.

• Am is for the subject I.

• Is is for the subjects he, she, it and singular subjects.

• Are is for the subjects you, we, they and plural subjects.

Do the activities in your PR Bahasa Inggris on pages 6–7.

Read the following sentences and see to the words in bold.

Back to Chapter I

Listen and repeat.

Mind your pronunciation and intonation.

Good morning, Mr. Riki and everybody. Allow me to introduce myself, Sir. My name’s Dewi Putri Sadewo. You may call me Dewi. I’m from Jambi. Here, I live with my grandparents at Jalan Kartini number 9. The house is painted light brown and there’s a rambutan tree in the front yard. It also has a large backyard. My friends and I play there at weekends. Please stop by when you pass my house. I’ll introduce you to them and we can play together. It must be fun.

​

Talking about hobbies, I love listening to music, cycling, swimming, and cooking. My favorite colors are light green and pink. I love chicken noodles, boiled sweet potatoes, and sauted kangkung. That’s about me. Thank you.

The following are expressions to introduce oneself and the responses.

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Hello, my name’s __________________________. I am ________________ years old. I live at _______________________. I like/My hobbies are __________________________________. My favorite color is ________________ and my favorite food is ________________. Thank you.

​

Introduce yourself.

You may use the following paragraph.

Viona /vi:/–/ai/–/ou/–/en/–/ei/

Jalan Penerbang number 99

gardening, listening to music and reading

white

chicken curry

sixteen

Subjective and Objective Pronouns

A subjective pronoun is a pronoun which acts as the subject of a sentence. An objective pronoun is a pronoun which acts as the object of a sentence.

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Study the following table.

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Practice the following dialogs with your friends.

Dialog 1

Mawar meets a new friend on her way to school.

Mawar : Hi. I’m Mawar from Class X majoring in Computer Network Engineering. May I know your name, please?

Inez : Hi, Mawar. I’m Inez from Class X majoring in Accounting.

Mawar : It’s a pleasure to meet you, Inez.

Inez : Pleased to meet you too, Mawar.

​

Dialog 2

Mawar and her classmate Bagus are on their way to the canteen. They meet Inez. Then, Mawar introduces her to Bagus.

Mawar : Hi, Inez. How are you doing?

Inez : Hi, Mawar. I’m fine, thanks. You?

Mawar : Great, thanks. By the way, please meet my classmate Bagus. Bagus, this is Inez from Class X majoring in Accounting.

Bagus : Hi, Inez. Nice to meet you.

Inez : Hi, Bagus. Nice to meet you too.

Introducing Other People

Here are expressions to introduce other people.

Do the activities in your PR Bahasa Inggris on pages 10–14.

Back to Chapter I

• Congratulating Others

• Congratulations Card

Back to Daftar Isi

Congratulating Others

Angga won a fashion designer competition.

Mawar : Angga, congratulations on your winning in a fashion designer competition!

Angga : Thank you. I won it because of your suggestion and support. Thank you very much.

Mawar : You’re welcome. I know that you are talented. I believe you can achieve your dreams.

Angga : Thanks.

Gio : Angga, congratulations! You deserve it. Your achievement really inspires me.

Angga : Thanks. I believe you can make a better design. Never give up. You know, it was just a competition. The most important is that our designs can compete in the market.

Gio : You are right. Thanks for your support.

Angga : No big deal.

Listen and repeat.

Then, practice the dialog with your friends.

Answer the following questions.

1. What is the purpose of saying, “Congratulations!”?

2. Why do Mawar and Gio say the sentences to Angga?

3 How does Angga respond to them?

4. When do you usually say such an expression? Mention several suitable occasions for saying the sentence.

5. What is the suitable response to the expression?

The following are expressions to congratulate

and their responses.

Back to Chapter II

1. Your brother was accepted in a reputable university. You congratulate him.

2. Your aunt is celebrating her wedding. You congratulate her and her couple.

Work in pairs.

Do the activities in your PR Bahasa Inggris on pages 20–21.

Create dialogs based on the following situations.

Then, perform the dialogs.

Congratulations Card

Read the following congratulations card.

Answer the following questions.

1. What is the text about?

2. Why does Mawar send the card?

3. What is the congratulations expression written in the card?

4. What occasions do you usually send such a card?

5. What do you write in the card?

• A congratulations card is made to congratulate a person on his/her achievement or success.

• We should write:

- the name of the receiver,

- the name of the congratulations expressions, and

- the name of sender.

Read the following information.

Back to Chapter II

1. Your aunt delivers a new baby.

2. Your friend opens a new online shop.

​

Write congratulations cards based on the following situations.

Do the activities in your PR Bahasa Inggris on pages 23–24.

• Asking about and Stating Intentions

• Simple Future Form

• ‘Would like to’ and ‘Would rather’

Back to Daftar Isi

Asking about and Stating Intentions

Mawar : We will have a long weekend. What are you going to do?

Bagus : I am going to camp with my playmates.

Mawar : Wow, that’s interesting! Where are you going to camp?

Bagus : We are going to camp in Cikole. It is near my uncle’s house. Would you like to join?

Mawar : No, thanks. I would rather join my friends.

Bagus : What is your plan?

Mawar : We are going to paint 3D pictures in the park of our housing area.

Bagus : Really? Sounds interesting. What pictures are you going to paint?

Mawar : Initially, we are going to paint a river with a bridge. Later, we are going to paint more interesting 3D pictures.

Bagus : Awesome! I am really curious to see them and I’d like to take their pictures too.

Mawar : Yeah! You have to.

Practice the following dialog with your partner.

Pay attention to the sentences in bold.

Answer the following questions.

1. What do the sentences in bold express?

2. When do people use those expressions?

3. What tense do the sentences use?

4. When did you use such an expression recently?

5. What did you say?

These questions refer to the previous dialog.

The following are expressions to ask about and state intentions.

Back to Chapter III

Simple Future Form

We use simple future form to state intentions.

1. BE + GOING TO + VERB base

(+) Subject + be + going to + verb base + ....

(–) Subject + be + not + going to + verb base + ....

(?) Be + subject + going to + verb base + ... ?

Note: is, am, are

Example: We are going to attend an OSIS meeting after school.

2. WILL + VERB base

(+) Subject + will + verb base + ....

(–) Subject + will + not + verb base + ....

(?) Will + subject + verb base + ... ?

Example: We will leave this place right away.

Back to Chapter III

‘Would like to’ and ‘Would rather’

• “I would like to + verb base” to show an intention

Example: Arya would like to visit a museum next Sunday.

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• “I would rather + verb base” to show preference

We prefer doing what we have planned to what we are doing now, or several other option(s) we are considering)

Example: I would rather stay at home.

1. You read an advertisement about an English trial class in a course. You ask your friends to join.

2. Flood occurs in several areas in your town. You plan to help the victims by donating food and clothes. You ask your friends to participate.

Work in groups of three or four.

Create dialogs based on the following situations.

Then, practice the dialogs in class.

Do the activities in your PR Bahasa Inggris on pages 34–36.

Back to Chapter III

• Descriptive Texts

• Noun Phrases for Describing an Object or a Place

• Word Order of Adjectives

Back to Daftar Isi

Practice the following dialog.

Reva : Hello. I’m at the train station now, but I still cannot find Adelia. What is she like?

Garin : She’s tall and has s fair complexion.

Reva : Many people are tall with fair skin here. Does she have short black hair?

Garin : No, she has long wavy hair.

Reva : I see three girls with long wavy hair.

Garin : She’s wearing black pants and a yellow T-shirt with long sleeves.

Reva : Is she also wearing spectacles?

Garin : Yes, she is. She also loves wearing sneakers.

Reva : Yes, that’s her. I see her now. She’s walking towards me.

Descriptive Text

Answer the following questions.

1. What does the dialog tell you about?

2. Reva asks, “What is she like?” �What does she want to know?

3. What is the girl Reva is going to meet like?

4. What kind of words is used to describe the girl?

5. What kind of phrases is used in describing a person, object, or place?

Complete the following text based on the previous dialog.

Reva is at a train station now. She is waiting for Adelia, Garin’s pen friend. Since Garin has an urgent thing to do, he asks Reva to pick her up. It is the first time she meets Adelia, so she asks Garin about Adelia’s appearance.

Garin tells her that Adelia is tall and has (1) __________________. She also has (2) __________________ hair. She is wearing �(3) ______________ and (4) ______________________________. She always wears (5) _______________________.

Reva understands Garin’s explanation and notices Adelia who is walking towards her.

a fair complexion

long wavy

black pants

a yellow T-shirt with long sleeves

spectacles and sneakers

Read and understand the following information.

The previous text belongs to a descriptive text.

The purpose:

To describe a particular person, object, and place. It describes the characteristics or features of a person, object, or place specifically.

The structure:

• Identification, which identifies the person, object, or place to be described.

• Description, which describes parts, qualities or characteristics of the person, object or place being described.

Now, discuss the language features of a descriptive text, with your friend.

Then, identify the structure of the text about Padar Island.

Check your answers on the next slides.

See the identification of a descriptive text below.

Look at the picture of Padar Island on a previous slide. It’s very beautiful, isn’t it? You know, it was once home to Komodo dragons.

Identification

1st Paragraph

A particular place

Padar Island lies about 20 miles (30 km) from Labuan Bajo, a fishing town on the westernmost part of Flores, East Nusa Tenggara. Padar Island is small, but is the third largest island of Komodo National Park.

Padar is mostly savannah-covered, surreal landscape fringed by bright green-capped mountains of fairy-tale shapes. It’s all surrounded by three turquoise bays, and curiously, each one of the bays’ beaches has different colored sand: one is pearly white, another charcoal black and a third is a very rare baby pink. It is a rare combination, a quirk of this unique island.

And paragraphs 4, 5, 6

Description

2nd and 3rd Paragraphs

The location

The landscape

simple present tense

noun phrase

Identify the main idea of each paragraph in the text of Padar Island.

Do the activities in your PR Bahasa Inggris on pages 46–47.

Back to Chapter IV

Noun Phrases for Describing an Object or a Place

Definition:

A series of words where a noun as a head is preceded by an adjective as a modifier.

Purpose:

To modify or describe the nouns, to give more information about the nouns or noun phrases.

Many adjectives precede the nouns or noun phrases. See the following examples.

• The beautiful beach is called Pink Beach.

adj. noun

• It truly offers panoramic views.

adj. noun

If you want to learn more about adjective phrases, you can log �onto http://learnenglish. britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/�noun-phrase.

Word Order of Adjectives

Observe the following examples and pay attention to the order of the adjectives (modifiers). Remember the common word order of adjectives before a noun.

Do the activities in your PR Bahasa Inggris on page 48.

Let's write a descriptive text.

Who is your idol?

Describe him/her and show his/her picture to the class.

​

You may mention:

– his/her physical appearance,

– his/her hobby/habits,

– what you like about him/her.

Mind the structure of a descriptive text.

Do the activities in your PR Bahasa Inggris on page 50.

Back to Chapter IV

• Spoken Announcements

• Written Announcements

• Forming Nouns from Verbs (Verb + Suffix)

Back to Daftar Isi

Spoken Announcements

Read the following texts aloud.

Text 1

Attention, please.

Frankly speaking, it’s not easy to speak before public. Many students have no courage to speak before other people. Meanwhile, public speaking is very needed nowadays. Through excellent public speaking, we can give information and even influence others.

To improve the students’ ability at speaking, the OSIS committee will hold public speaking training. It is free for students, but we limit the number of participants for sixty students only. That’s why, enroll yourselves with the OSIS chairperson as soon as possible. Thank you.

​

Text 2

Good afternoon, all of the tenth grade students.

One of the vocational school programs is raising entrepreneurship among students. Introducing students to the real world of business is very important. That’s why, to prepare you for your future, we plan to visit a fish farming and manufacturing factory. It is a must for tenth grade students, so prepare for it well. Please ask much information you need to know as you should write a report about your visit. Thank you.

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Answer the following questions based on the previous texts.

1. What is each text about?

2. Where do you possibly hear each text?

3. Who do you think delivers each text?

4. What are the texts called?

5. What is the purpose of each text?

6. What tense is mostly used in the texts?

​

​

Read the following information.

Function:

to inform listeners about what has happened or what is going to happen.

Generic Structure:

• Opening : is used to attract listeners’ attention or greet them, such as “Attention, please.”, “Good afternoon, students.”, and “Ladies and gentlemen.”;

• Contents: are used to explain the event/occasion in detail;

• Closing : is used to close the announcement, such as “Thank you.”

The previous texts are spoken announcements.

An announcement should be delivered loudly and clearly, so the listeners can catch the message very well.

Compose spoken announcements based on the pictures.�Present the announcements before the class.

A tug-of-war competition

A leather puppet performance

Back to Chapter V

Written Announcements

Read the following text aloud.

Announcement

Scholarship Opportunities for Students (SOS) will award scholarships to selected students. SOS is a non-profit organization, founded in 2000, to raise educational funds awarded to students whose families are in poverty.

​

Requirements:

1. Awards will vary.

2. Funds may be used for payment of educational tuition or select education-related expenses such as books, equipment (such as a computer), supplies or other expenses such as transportation.

3. Funds may not be used for rent, groceries, car repairs, bill payments or other living expenses.

4. Proof of enrollment must be shown before any payment is made.

​

Application Process:

1. Complete the SOS application form. All information must be provided as requested.

2. Submit a reference letter from a government institution that knows you and supports this application.

3. Provide a type-written description of your education goals and current challenges or obstacles that you must overcome to obtain your educational goals for which this financial aid is requested.

Application must be postmarked on or before September 1, 2019.

Scholarship recipients will be notified by December 1, 2019.

​

​

Adapted from: http://www.sosgrants.org/Scholarship_Announcement.pdf#page=1&zoom=auto,-99,6596 (October 13, 2018)

Answer the following questions based on the previous text.

1. What is the text about?

2. Where do you possibly read the text?

3. Who do you think writes the text?

4. Who is the text addressed to?

5. What is the text called?

6. What is the purpose of the text?

8. What tense is mostly used in the text?

​

​

Read the following information.

Function:

To inform readers about what has happened or what is going to happen.

Generic Structure:

• Opening : states the name of the event or occasion and its purpose.

• Contents : explains the event or occasion in detail.

• Closing : states the contact person or sender/writer of the announcement.

The previous text is a written announcement.

Back to Chapter V

Forming Nouns from Verbs (Verb + Suffix)

Examples:

1. Mawar likes to participate in a school organization.

2. Your grandmother really misses your family’s arrival.

3. Never be afraid of failure. It may be the beginning of your success.

The following are several formations of nouns from verbs +suffixes:

Pattern:

Verb + suffix

Complete the following sentences with correct nouns.

1. We should make a good ____________ and show it to the principal before doing the school project.

2. It’s not an easy choice. You should think wisely before taking a ____________.

3. The government should promote youth and women ____________

in every aspect of life.

4. To avoid danger, the tiger is being kept in a high walled ____________ in the zoo.

5. Ina and Ani are twin sisters. Do you know the ____________ between them?

6. The loud voice can cause a ____________ to the sleeping baby.

7. From his self ____________, we know that Edo is from Papua.

8. Before joining the outbound activity, students should ask for their parents’ ____________.

proposal

decision

empowerment

enclosure

difference

disturbance

introduction

permission

Compose a school announcement.

Decide your own topic.

Do the exercises in your PR Bahasa Inggris on pages 63–66.

Back to Chapter V

• Relating Past Events or Activities Referring to Specific Time and Results

• Simple Past Tense vs Present Perfect Tense

Back to Daftar Isi

Relating Past Events or Activities Referring to Specific Time and Results

Practice the following conversation.

An Interview with Martin Cooper

Host : Hello, Mr. Cooper. Nice to meet you. Welcome to our talk show. How are you today?

Cooper : Nice to meet you, too. I am fine, thanks.

Host : First of all, I’d like to ask you, what did you invent?

Cooper : I invented a cell phone.

Host : Has it been a big year for you so far and did you think it when you made the first call?

Cooper : Yes, but actually I didn’t think this far ahead when I made the first call.

Host : What did you think when you made the first call?

Cooper : I thought whether the cell phone functions or not.

Host : I see. Anyway, why were you interested in making the call?

Cooper : I believed in competitions, first of all. And second, I thought the time was ready for personal phones, phones you could carry with you and have the freedom to be anywhere.

Continue the following dialog in the next slide

Host : Good job! Who did you make that first call to?

Cooper : I called my counterpart at AT&T, a fellow named Dr. Joel Engel.

Host : When you were managed to make a cell phone, what did you say to him using your cell phone?

Cooper : I said, “Joel, it’s Marty Cooper. I’m calling you from a cell phone, but a real cell phone, a personal, handheld portable cell phone.”

Host : Actually, what has fueled your interest in advancing radio and communications systems?

Cooper : You know, I wanted to give people the freedom to move around while they communicate.

Host : By the way, what’s been the biggest surprise for you in the advancement of cell phone technology?

Answer the following questions based on the previous conversation.

1. What is the interview about?

2. Where do you possibly hear such an interview?

3. Who is the interviewee?

4. What does the interviewee tell the host about? Do his answers refer to specific time in the past?

5. What tense is mostly used by the interviewee, to answer the host’s questions?

​

​

Back to Chapter VI

Simple Past Tense vs Present Perfect Tense

1. Has the time period finished?

Use the following questions to decide whether a sentence should use the simple past or present perfect tense.

2. Is it new or old information?

Continue reading in the next slide.

3. Has the action finished (sentences with “for” or “since”)?

4. Is it specific time?

Fill in the blanks with suitable forms of the verbs in brackets.

Change the verbs into simple past or present perfect forms.

Yuda : [1. attend] _________ you _________ Pesta Rakyat last night?

Farah : No, I [2. have] _________ the flu. Did you?

Yuda : Yes, I [3. go] _________ there with my family.

Farah : It must [4. be] _________ crowded.

Yuda : Absolutely! There [5. be] _________ crowds of people enjoying the cultural performances and the bazaar.

Farah : What were the cultural performances?

Yuda : There [6. be] _________ traditional dances, folksongs, and ketoprak.

Farah : Ketoprak? A Javanese theatrical performance? Who [7. perform] _________?

Yuda : Yes. It was performed amusingly by local artists under Yayasan Bhakti Utama, while the traditional dances and folksongs were performed amazingly by elementary, junior, and senior high students.

Farah : It must [8. be] _________ a spectacular show.

Yuda : Indeed!

Did

attend

had

went

have been

were

were

performed

have been

Work in pairs.�Ask and answer questions about past activities or events, based on the following situations.

1. Your sister asked you to buy flowers on your way home from school. When you arrive home from school, she asks you whether you have bought the flowers. You respond to her. How would the dialog go?

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• Your friend won a story writing competition in a magazine and received a prize trip to Lombok with his/her idol. You ask him/her about his/her experience during the trip. How would the dialog go?

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3. You looked for your friend in his/her classroom to give him/her an invitation, but you didn’t meet him/her. You gave the invitation to his/her classmate and asked him/her to give the invitation to your friend. Moments later, you meet your friend and ask him/her whether he/she has received the invitation. How would the dialog go?

​

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Do the exercises in your PR Bahasa Inggris on pages 76–78.

Back to Chapter VI

​

• Personal Experiences
• Past Verbs
• Was/Were + Adjective

Back to Daftar Isi

See the pictures and answer the questions that follow.

Source: https://cdns.klimg.com/resized/670x335/p/ headline/yayan-ruhian-di-video-call-langsung-ole-d8fca9.jpg, downloaded July 10, 2019

Source: https://ultraimg.com/images/ artishijab_1.jpg, downloaded July 10, 2019

2

Questions:

1. Who are the people?

2. What are they?

3. What do you think makes these people successful?

Do the activities in your PR Bahasa Inggris on page 85.

Personal Experiences

Read the text aloud.

Do the activity in your PR Bahasa Inggris on page 86.

1. What is the purpose of the text?

2. Why was the writer interested in participating in the event?

3. What time did the keynote speaker enter the hall?

4. Who probably attended the event?

5. What did the audience do when the keynote speaker entered the hall?

Answer the questions based on the previous text.

Study the following information.

The text in the 3rd slide is a recount text. It tells the readers about the writer’s experience when he/she participated in a discussion.

Recount texts use past tense and have certain elements:

• orientation : introducing what happened, where the event(s) took place and who was involved in the event(s);

• events : describing a series of events;

• re-orientation : giving the closure of events, or conclusion.

Do the activities in your PR Bahasa Inggris on pages 87–89.

Past Verbs

1. Johnny was a good baby, ....

2. Johnny traveled across Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois.

3. He gave people hundreds of seeds away, ....

Do the activities in your PR Bahasa Inggris on pages 90–91.

Back to Chapter VII

Read the sentences and see the words in bold.

What are the patterns of sentences with past verbs?

The words in bold are past verbs, used in simple past tense. We use them to talk about completed actions in times before now. The adverbs of time indicating the simple past tense are yesterday, just now, last … (last night, last week), … ago (two days ago, a long time ago), in 2015, etc.

Read the following text and pay attention to the words in bold.

One afternoon, Iko returned home from school by bicycle. He paddled his bicycle for about three kilometers from school. The sun shone very brightly and it was very hot. Iko was so tired and thirsty that he decided to enter a food stall. The food stall was not large, but clean and tidy. The food was appetizing. The seller was friendly and welcomed him warmly. She was not busy when Iko entered. The stall was not crowded at that time, so he had a chance to chit chat with the seller. The seller said that Iko was like a famous actor. That actor was handsome. Hearing this, Iko just smiled while enjoying his meal and drink.

Was/Were + Adjective

The words in bold in the text in Activity 10 show that the sentences use simple past tense. The sentences use was/were + adjective to set up a story. See the following examples.

Notes:

• For the negative form, we just add “not” after “was/were”.

• For the interrogative form, we place “was” and “were” at the beginning of sentences.

Do the activities in your PR Bahasa Inggris on pages 92–96.

Back to Chapter VII

1. was + adjective

2. were + adjective

Thank You

Good Luck