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PURPOSE

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When you see someone that you recognize, the experience is transformed into a pulse of electric energy which travels through a network of neurons1,2. From this point, scientists are still uncertain about how long we can remember a person’s physiognomy, nor how much of the information we retain is correct.

My questions are:

  • Which age group can memorize the human physiognomy in detail the longest?
  • Can females in the other age groups still retain a more substantial number of correct information than their male counterparts?

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HYPOTHESES

  • The cause of decreased memory retention is more of an environmental (stress) determinant than a factor of age3,4,5,14.
  • Teachers are annually introduced to new faces, and because of this exposure, I hypothesize they will retain more information than adolescents9,15.
  • The same patterns observed in my previous experiment will be evident here:
    • the pattern starts off with a high intake of information on the first day, drastic loss of information within the first week, followed by a plateau.
    • The remarkable details of faces are building blocks of facial recognition6,17.
    • Faces found in the middle of the ‘beauty’ scale will not be too easy, or hard to remember5,11,15.
    • Females of all ages will retain more details than their male counterparts8,18.

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PROCEDURE - PREPARATION

Create a questionnaire to present to possible participants:

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  • Send pre-quiz to introduce myself, the experiment, and collect information to group participants

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  • Boomerang will be used in this experiment. This allows me to send out emails when the quizzes on specific days and at certain times of the day.

Selecting the pictures for the quiz:

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  • Select 8 images that fall in the middle of the beauty scale, based on the golden ratio. A face that falls in the middle of the scale would not be too easy or too hard to memorize.
  • Choose pictures for each age category. Ensure both the masculine and feminine facial features and shapes as well as ethnic differences are taken into account for all the age categories.
  • Use Adobe Photoshop12 to slightly alter each face to assure that none of the participants have viewed these images before.
  • Use Adobe Photoshop to thoroughly edit two modified copies for each image. These will be used in the multiple choice section.

Quiz #1:

  • Create videos for each image: add a bell effect to signal the starting of the screening, each Image will be shown for 10 seconds.
  • Long answers: add an area for the participants’ to record their answers down.
  • Multiple choices: upload the deformed versions of the images and the slightly edited images, insert these images into Google Forms in the multiple choice section.
  • This quiz contains the regulations and a description of how the quiz will unravel, the consent form and an area for the participants’ signatures.

Quiz #3:

  • Multiple choices: all of the colours of the images (main images and the modified ones) have been filtered to cancel out all the colours.
  • Shuffle the order: this ensures that placement was not the factor in memory.
  • Add questions targeting certain parts of the face, and an area for the participants to type other details that they retained for each image.

Quiz #2:

  • Add questions targeting certain parts of the face, and an area for the participants to type other details that they retained for each image.

PROCEDURE - EXPERIMENT

  1. Use Boomerang to set up emails to be sent out at 5:30 am.
  2. Program emails to sent out Quiz #2 for the following week.
  3. Schedule the last quiz to be sent out at 5:30 am in two weeks.
  4. Analyse the data obtained in Quiz #1 to create a base-line.
  5. Analyse and compare the data obtained from Quiz #1 and #2, in conjunction with the pre-quiz.
  6. Analyse and compare the data obtained from Quiz #1, #2 and #3, in conjunction with the pre-quiz.
  7. Compare the results with hypotheses and composed a response to my questions.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Video

  1. ASAP Science. (May 5 2016) “How Many Friends Can You Actually Have?”, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eJM2brHJUjo (03/11/2018).
  2. Catharine Young. (September 23 2015). “How memories are formed”, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yOgAbKJGrTA&t=2s (03/11/2018)

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Websites

  1. Natasha Bita. (August 11 2013). “Children are happiest at age seven, study shows”, http://www.news.com.au/lifestyle/parenting/children-are-happiest-at-age-seven-study-shows/news-story/55d5efedcbb77ad60342226c373c513a (12/04/2018).
  2. Therese J. Borchard. (July 8 2018) “Why Are So Many Teens Depressed?” https://psychcentral.com/blog/why-are-so-many-teens-depressed/. (12/02/2019)
  3. Karen Ridden. (march 26 2015). «5 Methods to Remember Someone’s Face and How They Trick Your Memory», http://www.newsmax.com/FastFeatures/memory-tricks-brain-mental-health/2015/03/26/id/634677/ (18/01/2018).
  4. Ian Sefferman. (December 10 2010). “How many people can the average person remember?”,https://www.quora.com/How-many-people-can-the-average-person-remember (23/02/2018).
  5. Calculator Soup. (2016). «Average Calculator (The Mean)», http://www.calculatorsoup.com/calculators/statistics/average.php (02/02/2018).
  6. Vasudevan Mukunth. (december 5 2013). “What makes women better listeners?”, http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/what-makes-women-better-listeners/article5422122.ece (15/01/2018).
  7. Wikipedia. (December 23 2018). “Demographics of Northwest Territories”, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Northwest_Territories (12/01/2019).
  8. Anna Vital. (April 19 2013). “Why We Live – Counting The People Your Life Impacts [Infographic]”, https://blog.adioma.com/counting-the-people-you-impact-infographic/ (02/02/2019).
  9. Anaface. (2009). «Facial Beauty Analysis - Score Your Face (Golden Ratio)», http://www.anaface.com/ (02/02/2019).

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Application

  1. Adobe Photoshop Fix. (2016). [mobile application]. San Jose : Adobe.
  2. Boomerang. (2008). [mobile application, extension for Gmail]. San Francisco, California.

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Article

  1. Sophie Bethune. “Teen stress rivals that of adults” APA’s Stress in America. April 2014.Vol 45, No. 4. 20.
  2. Jean M. Twenge. “The Age of Anxiety? Birth Cohort Change in Anxiety and Neuroticism”. 2000. Vol. 79, No. 6, 1007-1021.
  3. Madhura Ingalhalikar. “Brain Connectivity Study Reveals Striking Differences Between Men and Women” Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. 02/12/2013. 4-10
  4. Dave Munger. “Do we remember a pretty face?” American journal of psychology. 2005. 15-17
  5. Noah B. Johansen, pp. “The Relationship between Attention and Working Memory” 2008. 124-144

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ANALYSIS - QUIZ #1

ANALYSIS - QUIZ #2

ANALYSIS - QUIZ #3

ANALYSIS - COMPARISON TO PRIOR EXPERIMENT

CONCLUSION

TO PUSH MY STUDIES FURTHER...

I noticed that the female participants often agreed on colours, whereas there was often a disagreement in male subject’s responses corresponding to those traits. Both genders noticed the remarkable details of the faces that were shown. Females made numerous connections to the images that they saw, while this genre of observation was not executed by the male participants. I believe that the formulation of connections will aid them to link these newly formed memories to pre-existing ones16. Females recalled an average of 12% higher than the males.

Remarkable details were recorded by both genders. Females retained an average of 7% higher than their male counterparts.

Females retained 2% more than the male subjects. There was less of a significant loss of information observed during Quiz #2 to Quiz #3, when compared to Quiz #1 to Quiz #2, due to the fact that the majority of the information retained were solely the remarkable details.

Quiz #1 to Quiz #2: The adults scored an average of 7% more than the adolescents.

  • Females from both age groups scored 6% higher than their male counterparts.

Quiz #2 to Quiz #3: The adults scored an average of 6% more than the adolescents.

  • Adult females retained 2% more the males; the adolescent females also retained 2% more than the adolescent males.
  • There was a decrease in the information that was retained, which affected both age categories and both gender, however, the female adults retained the most information. Male participants retained less information right after the viewing since they simply recalled the more prominent details. It’s for that reason that they experienced less of a massive drop in retention. On the contrary, they still had a lower retention rate compared to the females, since they didn’t make as many connections to the images that were shown.
  • My hypotheses are confirmed:
    • practice hones memory and stressed was a factor, therefore teachers’ triumphed.
    • Females retained the most information, since attention correlates with retention.
    • There’s a sequence to facial memory which starts off with a high volume of retention, a loss of information and continue on with a plateau.
  • Females retained the highest volume of information; they made connections to the images they saw and focused on many aspects of the images.
  • Male participants retained less information right after the viewing, since they simply recalled the more prominent details. It’s for that reason that they experienced less of a massive drop in retention. On the contrary, they still had a lower retention rate compared to the females, since they didn’t make as many connections to the images that were shown.
  • I can conclude that one of the most helpful strategies that aid in facial memory retention is: making connections. Connections strengthen memory formation, thus, trying to find an association that could be used as a mnemonic will help elongate and vivify your memory.

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  • Test my sequence theory of facial recognition in other age groups:
    • Expand this experiment with elders, to see how long practice can be helpful until the potential threats of memory-damaging diseases, such as Alzheimer's, arises.
    • Experimenting with young children would permit me to observe if stress-free elementary students, who are at their learning peak, have the best retention rate.
  • The goal of my project wasn’t solely to find the answers to my questions, but it also acted to push the studies and the understanding of facial memory further, and to improve marketing and advertising strategies with the obtained data.
  • Due to the limited sample size, there is the possible margin for errors. To assure that all the data is scientifically correct, I will expand this experient with the same age groups, during the same time at the year.