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Structure and Function of Plants

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Flowers

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Structure

Function

Anther

-produces pollen

Pollen

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-haploid male gametes (sex cells)

Stigma & Style

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-Sticky top of style where pollen lands. The Style transports it to the ovary.

Ovary

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-Female organ which produces female gametes (ovules)

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Go to the front and label the parts of the flower.

Anther

Pollen

Stigma

Style

Ovary

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Adaptation to Environment

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1. Bright colors and sweet nectar to attract pollinators.

2. Development of Fruit for seed dispersal.

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Leaves

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Structure

Function

Upper Epidermis

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-contains cuticle prevents water loss

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Palisade Layer

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-Light reactions of photosynthesis.

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Spongy Layer

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-Calvin cycle (stores CO2)

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Lower Epidermis

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-Lets CO2 in and O2 and water out (stomata)

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Upper

Epidermis

Palisade

Layer

Spongy

Layer

Lower

Epidermis

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Adaptation to Environment

  1. Thick cuticle in dry climates.
  2. Few stomata to prevent water loss.
  3. Reduced surface area to prevent water loss. (Cactus)

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Stems

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Structure

Function

Xylem

-vascular tissue (tubes) that carry water

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Phloem

-Vascular tissue (tubes) that carry sugar (food)

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Adaptation to the Environment

  1. Stiff cell walls for trunks and branches.
  2. Can be modified to store food. Ex. Tubers (potatoes) and Bulbs

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Roots

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Structure

Function

Epidermis and root cap

-protection

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Root hairs

-increase surface area for absorption of water

Meristems

-tip of the root that is growing into the soil, area of mitosis (cell division)

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Adaptation to the Environment

  1. Can be modified to store starch and sugar. (Carrots, Beets, Turnips)

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  • In dry climates root systems can be extremely long to reach water.