COLORS � PIGMENTS � PAINTS
ÁGNES KULIN
PAINTER,
ART TEACHER / EDUCATOR
Content:
What is COLOR?
What is COLOR?
Color wheel �
Primary – Secondary- Tertiary -
Test your eye. �Are you colorblind? �Ishihara color plate test, from 1917 – it consists 35 plates
Color blindness
�Protanopia –
red color blindness;
�Deuteranopia –
green color blindness;
Tritanopia –
blue color blindness.
The colors of the digital world.�The Computers palette - the displayed and printed colors �
Pixel(Pic-El) = Picture + element
Low resulation-low pixel count/PPI
High resulation- high pixel count / PPI
PPI: Pixels per inch
DPI: Dots per inch
A pixel is simply a square box, each pixel has three component
Red, Green, and Blue.
Halftone dots – Raster points�
� CMYK
LPI- Line per inch during printing
A RASTER image, also called a bitmap image is an image comprised of a rectangular grid of pixels. The smaller the pixel size, the higher the resolution. An image with a resolution of 300 ppi has 300 pixels per square inch.
Common raster file types include: .png .jpg .jpeg .gif .tif .psd
A VECTOR image or graphic is a type of image defined on a plane, connected by lines and curves. They form shapes based on precise mathematical equations. Because of this if you zoom in or out the lines, curves or points always remain smooth.
Common vector file types include: .eps .ai .pdf .svg .sketch
Color perception
These colors are not as they seem…
Is there any difference between the two ocher rectangles in the middle?
Is there any difference between the red and green „flowers”?
Is there any difference between the red and green „flowers”?
Is there any difference between the small grey rectangles?
What is the difference between the two X’s in the grey and yellow squaers?
What is the color of the central rectangel?
A- it is one saturated grey
B - it has an oposite gradient to the backgroung rectangel, from ligh to dark grey
Pigments
Prehistoric paints
Altamira cave – 14 000 year old paintings, discoverd in 1880,
Cueva de Las Manos- The cave of the hands�(Argentina, Patagonia)��13 000 - 9 000 �years ago
Prehistoric paint making techniques are still in use to this day in northwest Africa. Namibias semi nomadic HIMBA tribe, and their red ocher paint- Otjize
Paint making
Encaustica, Watercolor , tempera , oil color, acryl
Jan van Eyck- The Arnolfini portrait
The originater of oil paint?
Colors of the antique world�
The phenomenon of the Apelles palette; which turned into the Zorn palette in the 19’th century, after swedish painter Alexander Zorn (using modern synthetic pigments-Vermilion, Titan, Ivory, Ochre)
A favorite subject at that time
Mumy portraits - the walley of Faiyum ( 1-3 , 4. c BC,)
Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669)
Palette Portraits
Nemere Réka in her studio
Kósa János in his studio�
In discussion with my master’s palettes
The colorful world of pigments and paints
Egyptian Blue- First synthetic pigment
Pigment- calcium copper silicate
4 000 year old pigment
Nefretiti’s headpiece is painted with this color
It was the most used pigment for blue paint, until lapis lazuli came into the picture
The King of the BLUES – Lapis Lazuli
Main source of this mineral can be found in Afghanistan
In the early renaissance 13’th century it was called- Fra Angelico blue, because he used it in his Madonna paintings a lot.
Artist | |
Year | 1433–1435 |
Medium | Tempera on wood |
Dimensions | 147 cm × 91 cm (58 in × 36 in |
Modern use of ultramarin, �The first copyrighted color- Yves Klein blue
Yves Klein: Antropometric prints 1960
The deadliest Green-�Schweinfurt/Emerald/Vienna/ Paris/Veronese green
First used in 1814, and it was banned in 1960
The silent killer in georgian kids bedrooms - their wallpaper
Woman Embroidering, 1811�47.2 x 37.4 cm, Oil on canvas
By 1830, wallpaper production had risen to 1 million rolls a year in the UK, and by 30 million in 1870.
Tests later revealed that four out of five wallpapers contained arsenic.
Experiments at the end of the 19th century proved that arsenic pigments in damp or rotting wallpaper were lethal. The mold that grew on damp wallpaper emitted a toxic odor that smelled of garlic.
George Seurat:�A Sunday on la Grande Latte, 1884�
Lovers of emerald green in art:
Cezanne and Seurat
Carmin, Mayan red/Spanish red �Cochineal pigment form insects
Only the female can be used for pigment making- one on the left
Indian worker collecting, cochineal
Cochineal farm nowadays
Caput Mortuum – Dead head pigment
Legends about its origin:
It was first made in egypt, by using mummy bandages and corpses?
The pigments molecules under microscope looks like skulls ?
Memento mori, vanitas��
Philippe de Champaigne's,
Vanitas – Life, Death, Time
(1671)
What is the real color of old masterpieces?
To renovate , or not to renovate
To restore , or not to restore
How to renovate, how to restore
These are the questions.
Making purple - detecting purple/pigments
The controversial restoration of the Sistine Chapel
Michalangelo’s works on the chapel:
The ceiling- 1508-1512
The last judgement -1548
Restoration between 1984-1994
Before restoration
After restoration
A composite image of The Fall and Expulsion of Adam and Eve
Daniel before and after restoration
The Last Judgement / Comparison before and after restoration
Color = distraction
INK - Japanese artisan calligraphy ink.�
Egrets from Quick Lessons in Simplified Drawing, Hokusai, 1823
SEPIA - A fancy word for brown ink
The color of �Antique roman �ruins
Hubert Robert �1733-1808
Grisalle
Ingres- The grand Odalisk
Picasso- Guernica,1937
WHY DO WE STILL MAKE BLACK AND WHITE PHOTOGRAPHY
Hommage to Edward Weston
André Kertész
Shadows series
Melancholic tulip
André Kertész
Modern Paints and pigments and their use in Fine art
A 1950-s radium clock, exposed to ultraviolet light to increase glow luminescence
Olafur Eliasson- Green river project 1998�
Stockholm 1998-
The power in the change of color
For this monochromatic intervention, Olafur and his assistant used Uranine, a non-toxic, water-soluble dye, to test ocean currents. Eliasson started this project in 1996 when he was living in the studio, looking at a river.
Recycled and reclaimed eco paint. From industrial pollution and rust to oil paints
Thermochromatic paints
Szabó Klára Petra- Untitled-2012
PIGMENT WARS �Anish Kapoor VS Stuart Semple�
They signed a contract. Kapoor got exclusive rights to use Vantablack in art.
Anish Kapoor has inclusive rights to using vanta black (the balckest black)
Chicago: „Cloud gate” Bean-2006
Stuart Semple
“I’m going to release my pink, but not allow Anish Kapoor to use it.”
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Thank You