1 of 3

Direct solar

Absorbed solar

Diffuse solar

Downwelling

longwave

Reflected solar

Emitted

longwave

Sensible heat flux

Latent heat flux

ua

0

Momentum flux

Wind speed

Ground heat flux

Evaporation

Melt

Sublimation

Throughfall

Infiltration

Surface

runoff

Evaporation

Transpiration

Precipitation

Heterotrop.

respiration

Photosynthesis

Autotrophic

respiration

Litterfall

N

uptake

Vegetation C/N

Soil

C/N

N mineralization

Fire

Surface energy fluxes

Hydrology

Biogeochemical cycles

Aerosol

deposition

Soil (sand, clay, organic)

Sub-surface

runoff

Phenology

BVOCs

Water table

Saturated Zone

Soil

Dust

Saturated

fraction

N dep

N fix

Denitrification

N leaching

CH4

Root litter

N2O

SCF

Surface

water

Bedrock

Glacier

Lake

River

Routing

Runoff

River discharge

Urban

Land Use

Change

Wood harvest

Disturbance

Vegetation Dynamics

Growth

Competition

Wetland

Crops

Irrigation

Flooding

CLM5.0

Impermeable Bedrock

2 of 3

Gridcell

Glacier

Lake

Landunit

Column

Patch

Urban

Vegetated

Soil

Crop

PFT1

PFT2

PFT3

PFT4 …

Unirrig

Irrig

Unirrig

Irrig

Crop1

Crop1

Crop2

Crop2 …

Roof

Sun Wall

Shade

Wall

Pervious

Impervious

TBD

MD

HD

Elevation classes

G

L

C

UIrr1

V

PFT4

V

PFT3

V

PFT1

V

PFT2

C

Irr1

UT,H,M

C

Irr2

C

UIrr2

3 of 3

CLM4

CLM4.5

CLM5

Forcing

SP

BGC

+CO2 +N

no LULCC

SP

BGC

+CO2 +N

no LULCC

SP

BGC crop

+CO2 +N

no LULCC,

LUMIP LM

GSWP3

v1

✔️o

✔️o

✔️

✔️

✔️

✔️o

✔️

✔️

✔️o

✔️o

✔️

✔️

CRUNCEP

v7

✔️

✔️

✔️

✔️⎈

✔️

WATCH/

WFDEI

✔️

✔️

✔️ Historical simulation (1850-2014)

⎈ Projection period simulation (RCP8.5 2015-2300)

O Daily and hourly output