REPORTED SPEECH
Estilo indirecto
The teacher said: “My students are happy here today.”
“My students are happy here today”, the teacher said.
(pay attention to the punctuation)
The teacher said that her students were happy there that day.
.
USE:
To repeat what another person said in the past.
REPORTED SPEECH�TRANSFORMATIONS
1.-PRONOUNS
2.-DETERMINERS
3.-ADVERBS AND TIME EXPRESSIONS
4.-TENSES (VERBS)
REPORTED SPEECH�TRANSFORMATIONS
1.-PRONOUNS
“This is my book”, he said.
He said that that was his book.
REPORTED SPEECH�TRANSFORMATIONS
1.-PRONOUNS
They said: “We don’t like Mr.Bean.”
They said that they didn’t like Mr.Bean.
He said that that was his book.
REPORTED SPEECH�TRANSFORMATIONS
1.-PRONOUNS
2.-DETERMINERS
3.-ADVERBS AND TIME EXPRESSIONS
4.-TENSES (VERBS)
REPORTED SPEECH�TRANSFORMATIONS
2.-DETERMINERS
“This is my house”, he said.
He said that that was his house.
REPORTED SPEECH�TRANSFORMATIONS
1.-PRONOUNS
2.-DETERMINERS
3.-ADVERBS AND TIME EXPRESSIONS
4.-TENSES (VERBS)
REPORTED SPEECH�TRANSFORMATIONS
3.-ADVERBS AND TIME EXPRESSIONS
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
here there
now then
tonight that night
today that day
tomorrow the following day / the next day / the day after
yesterday the previous day / the day before
“I am angry now”, Bob said.
Bob said that he was angry then.
“We are here!”, they said.
They said that they were there.
“It is raining today!”, they said.
They said that it was raining that day.
REPORTED SPEECH�TRANSFORMATIONS
1.-PRONOUNS
2.-DETERMINERS
3.-ADVERBS AND TIME EXPRESSIONS
4.-TENSES (VERBS)
REPORTED SPEECH�TRANSFORMATIONS
4.-TENSES (VERBS)
They go one tense backwards.
“ Past Perfect” remains the same.
�Emma said: “I had finished my homework at 7.”
Emma said that she had finished her homework at 7.
REPORTED SPEECH�TRANSFORMATIONS
4.-TENSES (VERBS)
Present Simple Past Simple
*must had to
*can could
�Present Continuous Past Continuous
Past Simple Past Perfect
Present Perfect Past Perfect
Will would
Jane said: “ I always recycle paper”
Richard said: “ She is dumping litter on the Street now”
Practice:
They said: “ We talked about wildlife in class yesterday”
Tom said: “ I have collected 2.000 cans”
Paula said: “ I will separate my waste tomorrow”
Peter said: “ You can buy at local shops to help the economy”
Anne said: “ We must save up water”
Jane said she always recycled paper”
Richard said she was dumping litter on the Street then”
Practice- key:
They said they talked about wildlife in class that day”
Tom said he had collected 2.000 cans”
Paula said he would separate his waste the next day”
Peter said I could buy at local shops to help the economy”
Anne said they had to save up water”
THESE ARE DIFFERENT
TYPES OF SENTENCES
TAKE INTO ACCOUNT
THE DIFFERENCE
IN TRANSFORMATIONS
REPORTED SPEECH
1.-STATEMENTS (+, -, ?)
2.-YES/NO QUESTIONS
WH-QUESTION �
3.-ORDERS�
4.-REQUEST �
5.-OFFERS �
6.-SUGGESTIONS
REPORTED SPEECH STATEMENTS
Usually with the verbs: SAY / TELL.
SAY + DIRECT OBJECT (D.O.)
SAY+ TO+ INDIRECT OBJECT+ THAT+ D.O.
TELL+ INDIRECT OBJECT+ THAT+D.O.
REPORTED SPEECH STATEMENTS
SAY / TELL.
But also….
ANNOUNCE,
DECLARE,
EXPLAIN,
INFORM,
INSIST,
MENTION,
REMIND,
STATE…
REPORTED SPEECH STATEMENTS
said (to her)
told her
announced (to her)
declared
explained (to her)
Dona informed her that Susan was in Dublin.
insisted
mentioned
reminded her
stated
REPORTED SPEECH
1.-STATEMENTS (+, -, ?)
2.-YES/NO QUESTIONS
WH-QUESTION �
3.-ORDERS �
4.-REQUEST �
5.-OFFERS �
6.-SUGGESTIONS
REPORTED SPEECH QUESTIONS
YES/NO QUESTION
ASK SOMEONE IF + SUBJECT + VERB
Anne: “Betty, are you coming to the party tomorrow?”
Anne asked Betty if she was going to the party the following day.
WH-QUESTIONS
ASK SOMEONE WH-WORD + SUBJECT + VERB
John: “What time is the party?”
John asked what time the party was.
ORDER IS IMPORTANT!!!!
REPORTED SPEECH
1.-STATEMENTS (+, -, ?)
2.-YES/NO QUESTIONS
WH-QUESTION �
3.-ORDERS �
4.-REQUEST �
5.-OFFERS �
6.-SUGGESTIONS
REPORTED SPEECH ORDERS
TO+ INFINITIVE
Her mother ordered: “ Tidy up your room!”
Her mother ordered to tidy up her/ his room.
NOT + TO+ INFINITIVE
The teacher said: “ Don’t close the window!”
The teacher ordered not to close the window.
REPORTED SPEECH REQUESTS
TO+ INFINITIVE
I said to my mother: “Can you make the bed for me?”
I asked/ begged my mother to make the bed for me
NOT + TO+ INFINITIVE
The teacher asked : “ Please, don’t cheat in the exam!”
The teacher asked not to cheat in the exam.
REPORTED SPEECH OFFERS
TO+ INFINITIVE
Pat said: “I will explain this to you”
Pat offered to explain that to me.
REPORTED SPEECH
1.-STATEMENTS (+, -, ?)
2.-YES/NO QUESTIONS
WH-QUESTION �
3.-ORDERS �
4.-REQUEST �
5.-OFFERS �
6.-SUGGESTIONS
REPORTED SPEECH SUGGESTIONS
SUGGEST + ING
SUGGEST + THAT+ SUBJECT+ INFINITIVE
Terry said: “Let’s go to the disco.
Terry suggested going to the disco
that we (should) go to the disco
that we go to the disco.
Other ways:
“Why don’t we go to the disco?”
“Shall we go to the disco?”
“What about going to the disco?”