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Chern-Simons terms, �chiral anomalies and tachyons

Edwan PREAU

07/07/22

Collaborators: Elias KIRITSIS (APC), Francesco NITTI (APC), Matti Järvinen (APCTP)

To appear soon on the ArxiV

12th Crete Regional Meeting in String Theory

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Motivation

Coupling to external fields

Without external fields : CS term contributes to 3-point functions and higher

External fields : 2-point functions

CS terms responsible for the chiral anomalies of the boundary theory in presence of external fields

Baryonic Physics

In holographic QCD models, the CS term is known to be necessary to construct a bulk solution dual to a baryon state

Dynamically : stabilizes the baryon size

[hep-th/9905111]

[0806.3122]

[0807.0316]

  • Purpose : understand the general structure of the CS action in bottom-up holographic QCD

The Role of the CS action in holography

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Holographic QCD

Semi-classical limit of a QG theory on a higher-D space-time (bulk)

Strongly coupled QCD-like 4D QFT

Phenomenological approach : bottom-up holography

🡪 Most complete framework for bottom-up holographic QCD : V-QCD

[1112.1261]

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Outline

  1. The CS term in the Witten-Sakai-Sugimoto (WSS) model
  2. The construction of the V-QCD CS term
  3. V-QCD baryons
  4. Summary

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Holographic QCD : dictionary

The main operators relevant to the vacuum structure of low-energy QCD are

 

 

Color

Flavor

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Holographic QCD : field content

The main operators relevant to the vacuum structure of low-energy QCD are

 

 

Color

Flavor

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Holographic QCD : the WSS model

 

COLOR

 

0

1

2

3

(4)

5

6

7

8

9

 

 

 

[hep-th/0412141]

 

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Holographic QCD : the WSS model

FLAVOR

 

0

1

2

3

(4)

5

6

7

8

9

D8

 

 

 

 

 

 

SO(5) : project on singlets

[hep-th/0412141]

 

 

 

 

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[hep-th/0412141]

 

Consequence : Single gauge field

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

External gauge fields in the boundary theory:

 

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WSS CS term and QCD chiral anomaly

[hep-th/0412141]

 

 

 

 

QCD chiral anomaly

 

 

 

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The bottom-up V-QCD framework

 

 

Color

Flavor

 

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The V-QCD Framework : Action

The V-QCD action is built by deforming what is known from top-down holography with phenomenological parameters of the bulk theory

 

 

 

 

Parameters of the bulk theory

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The V-QCD Framework : Action

The V-QCD action is built by deforming what is known from top-down holography with phenomenological parameters of the bulk theory

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

[hep-th/0303057]

[hep-th/0012210]

Sen :

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The V-QCD Framework : Action

The V-QCD action is built by deforming what is known from top-down holography with phenomenological parameters of the bulk theory

 

 

Parameters of the bulk theory

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

V-QCD :

[1112.1261]

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Previous Results in V-QCD

Baryon Density

Temperature

 

 

V-QCD phase diagram

[1112.1261]

[1210.4516]

[1312.5199]

Top-down ST models include CP-odd topological Chern-Simons (CS) terms

  • None of the above properties involve the CS term

The CS part of the bulk action is necessary for chiral anomalies and baryonic physics

🡪 What should be the form of the CS term in the bottom-up V-QCD action ?

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The CS part of the V-QCD action

 

 

In ST, the tachyon dependence is known only in the maximally supersymmetric case.

[hep-th/0012210]

[hep-th/0702155]

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V-QCD CS action : closed part

 

 

[Witten, 1983]

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V-QCD CS action : non-closed part

 

 

 

 

[hep-th/0303057]

[hep-th/0012210]

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V-QCD baryon

 

 

 

 

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The bulk instanton

 

Quantization of isospin 0-modes : baryon spectrum in the V-QCD model

  • Fit to experimental data brings new constraints on the V-QCD potentials

Properties of 1-baryon solution = input for the construction of a dense baryonic matter approximate solution 🡪 relevant for NS matter

Equations of motion for the fields of the ansatz are solved numerically

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Summary

 

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Appendix

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Holographic QCD : two approaches

Top-Down holography

Construct an explicit QG dual (string theory)

that looks like QCD at low-energy

Typically involves brane systems in 10-D

Bottom-Up holography

Holographic dictionary : bulk field content dual to the main operators relevant to low-energy QCD

Construct an EFT for the bulk fields :

  • Compatible with QCD symmetries
  • Low-energy parameters : adjusted to reproduce (qualitative/quantitative) features of QCD

Phenomenological approach : bottom-up 🡪 Most complete framework : V-QCD

[1112.1261]

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Arguments for the selection of operators in holographic QCD

In the UV, operators with higher scaling dimension and/or spin have higher mass dual fields in the bulk

This corresponds to the result that the RG flow equations near a CFT can be truncated to consider only the flows for the most relevant operators

In the IR, higher-dimension operators can become important in theories that are strongly coupled in the IR

There are indications that such operators are the dual of higher level excitations of the string

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[hep-th/9905111]

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B. Chiral Lagrangian, WZW term and QCD chiral anomalies

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Chiral Effective Field Theory

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One approach that has proven successful in the study of QCD at low energy is that of the chiral effective field theory

QCD possesses an approximate symmetry : the chiral symmetry

 

 

 

 

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The WZW term

 

 

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The gauged WZW term

 

 

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C. The CS action from the WZ sector of the branes action

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Brane tension

 

 

[hep-th/0702155] – supermatrix formalism

🡪 Coupling between the worldvolume flavor fields and the Type II RR forms

[hep-th/0012210]

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D. Baryons in Holography

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SYM

 

 

The internal space is important for the construction of the baryon in SYM

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Holographic Baryons in SYM

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N

-1

-1

-1

-1

Charge under the U(1) brane world-volume gauge field

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CS action and Baryon Number in the SS model

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E. Details about the V-QCD potentials

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A comment on the DBI form of the action

39/46

 

[1112.1261]

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Details about the potentials ansätze: glue

  •  

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Parameters of the bulk theory

 

 

[1809.07770]

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Details about the potentials ansätze: glue

  •  

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Fit to lattice YM thermodynamics

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The solid lines and error bars represent the extrapolation of lattice data to Nc = ∞ and the dashed curves are the results for the holographic model.

[1809.07770]

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43/46

 

[0907.3719]

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Details about the potentials ansätze: DBI

  •  

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Parameters of the bulk theory

 

 

 

 

We parametrize :

[1112.1261]

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  •  

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  •  

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  •  

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Fit to lattice QCD thermodynamics

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[1809.07770]

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Closing remarks on the potentials

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Once the UV and IR boundary conditions are fixed, 12 parameters are used to fit lattice data

The fit is rigid : dependence on all parameters is weak

The shape of the curves is a prediction of holography

  • The tuning of parameters just makes the precise numerical match to QCD

The resulting potentials are actually simple monototic functions

[2110.08281]

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F. The gauge-invariant CS forms

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G. The V-QCD baryon

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The Bulk Instanton

  •  

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z

 

SO(3)

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The Bulk Instanton : ansatz

  •  

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SU(2)

U(1)

CS

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The Bulk Instanton : Numerical Solution

  •  

55/34

 

z

 

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Quantization of the collective modes

The baryon states are found by quantizing the collective modes of the classical instanton background

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Collective Modes

Translation in 3D

Translation in z

Dilation, …

0-modes

 

 

 

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The Rotating Soliton

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Solution of the classical bulk EoMs corresponding to a rotating soliton

The rotation is a perturbation if

 

Soliton moment of inertia

Soliton mass

 

 

 

 

Static

Rotating

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The Rotating Soliton : Quantization

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The solution is obtained numerically

 

 

 

 

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