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Chern-Simons terms, �chiral anomalies and tachyons

Edwan PREAU

07/07/22

Collaborators: Elias KIRITSIS (APC), Francesco NITTI (APC), Matti Järvinen (APCTP)

To appear soon on the ArxiV

12th Crete Regional Meeting in String Theory

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Motivation

Coupling to external fields

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Without external fields : CS term contributes to 3-point functions and higher

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External fields : 2-point functions

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CS terms responsible for the chiral anomalies of the boundary theory in presence of external fields

Baryonic Physics

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In holographic QCD models, the CS term is known to be necessary to construct a bulk solution dual to a baryon state

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Dynamically : stabilizes the baryon size

[hep-th/9905111]

[0806.3122]

[0807.0316]

  • Purpose : understand the general structure of the CS action in bottom-up holographic QCD

The Role of the CS action in holography

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Holographic QCD

Semi-classical limit of a QG theory on a higher-D space-time (bulk)

Strongly coupled QCD-like 4D QFT

Phenomenological approach : bottom-up holography

🡪 Most complete framework for bottom-up holographic QCD : V-QCD

[1112.1261]

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Outline

  1. The CS term in the Witten-Sakai-Sugimoto (WSS) model
  2. The construction of the V-QCD CS term
  3. V-QCD baryons
  4. Summary

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Holographic QCD : dictionary

​

↔

​

​

↔

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↔

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↔

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↔

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The main operators relevant to the vacuum structure of low-energy QCD are

 

 

Color

Flavor

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Holographic QCD : field content

​

↔

​

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↔

​

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↔

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↔

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​

↔

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The main operators relevant to the vacuum structure of low-energy QCD are

 

 

Color

Flavor

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Holographic QCD : the WSS model

 

COLOR

 

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0

1

2

3

(4)

5

6

7

8

9

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•

•

•

•

•

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​

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[hep-th/0412141]

 

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Holographic QCD : the WSS model

FLAVOR

 

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0

1

2

3

(4)

5

6

7

8

9

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•

•

•

•

•

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D8

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•

•

•

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•

•

•

 

 

 

 

 

 

SO(5) : project on singlets

[hep-th/0412141]

 

 

 

 

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[hep-th/0412141]

 

Consequence : Single gauge field

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

External gauge fields in the boundary theory:

 

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WSS CS term and QCD chiral anomaly

[hep-th/0412141]

 

 

 

 

QCD chiral anomaly

 

 

 

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The bottom-up V-QCD framework

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↔

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↔

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↔

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↔

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Color

Flavor

 

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The V-QCD Framework : Action

The V-QCD action is built by deforming what is known from top-down holography with phenomenological parameters of the bulk theory

 

 

 

 

Parameters of the bulk theory

​

​

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The V-QCD Framework : Action

The V-QCD action is built by deforming what is known from top-down holography with phenomenological parameters of the bulk theory

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

[hep-th/0303057]

[hep-th/0012210]

Sen :

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The V-QCD Framework : Action

The V-QCD action is built by deforming what is known from top-down holography with phenomenological parameters of the bulk theory

 

 

Parameters of the bulk theory

​

​

​

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

V-QCD :

[1112.1261]

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Previous Results in V-QCD

Baryon Density

Temperature

 

 

V-QCD phase diagram

[1112.1261]

[1210.4516]

[1312.5199]

Top-down ST models include CP-odd topological Chern-Simons (CS) terms

  • None of the above properties involve the CS term

The CS part of the bulk action is necessary for chiral anomalies and baryonic physics

🡪 What should be the form of the CS term in the bottom-up V-QCD action ?

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The CS part of the V-QCD action

 

 

In ST, the tachyon dependence is known only in the maximally supersymmetric case.

[hep-th/0012210]

[hep-th/0702155]

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V-QCD CS action : closed part

 

 

[Witten, 1983]

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V-QCD CS action : non-closed part

 

 

 

 

[hep-th/0303057]

[hep-th/0012210]

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V-QCD baryon

 

 

 

 

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The bulk instanton

 

Quantization of isospin 0-modes : baryon spectrum in the V-QCD model

  • Fit to experimental data brings new constraints on the V-QCD potentials

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Properties of 1-baryon solution = input for the construction of a dense baryonic matter approximate solution 🡪 relevant for NS matter

Equations of motion for the fields of the ansatz are solved numerically

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Summary

 

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Appendix

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Holographic QCD : two approaches

Top-Down holography

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Construct an explicit QG dual (string theory)

that looks like QCD at low-energy

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Typically involves brane systems in 10-D

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​

​

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Bottom-Up holography

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Holographic dictionary : bulk field content dual to the main operators relevant to low-energy QCD

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Construct an EFT for the bulk fields :

  • Compatible with QCD symmetries
  • Low-energy parameters : adjusted to reproduce (qualitative/quantitative) features of QCD

Phenomenological approach : bottom-up 🡪 Most complete framework : V-QCD

[1112.1261]

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Arguments for the selection of operators in holographic QCD

In the UV, operators with higher scaling dimension and/or spin have higher mass dual fields in the bulk

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This corresponds to the result that the RG flow equations near a CFT can be truncated to consider only the flows for the most relevant operators

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In the IR, higher-dimension operators can become important in theories that are strongly coupled in the IR

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There are indications that such operators are the dual of higher level excitations of the string

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[hep-th/9905111]

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B. Chiral Lagrangian, WZW term and QCD chiral anomalies

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Chiral Effective Field Theory

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One approach that has proven successful in the study of QCD at low energy is that of the chiral effective field theory

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QCD possesses an approximate symmetry : the chiral symmetry

 

 

 

 

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The WZW term

 

 

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The gauged WZW term

 

 

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C. The CS action from the WZ sector of the branes action

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Brane tension

 

 

[hep-th/0702155] – supermatrix formalism

🡪 Coupling between the worldvolume flavor fields and the Type II RR forms

[hep-th/0012210]

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D. Baryons in Holography

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SYM

 

 

The internal space is important for the construction of the baryon in SYM

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Holographic Baryons in SYM

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N

-1

-1

-1

-1

Charge under the U(1) brane world-volume gauge field

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CS action and Baryon Number in the SS model

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E. Details about the V-QCD potentials

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A comment on the DBI form of the action

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[1112.1261]

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Details about the potentials ansätze: glue

  •  

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Parameters of the bulk theory

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​

 

 

[1809.07770]

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Details about the potentials ansätze: glue

  •  

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Fit to lattice YM thermodynamics

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The solid lines and error bars represent the extrapolation of lattice data to Nc = ∞ and the dashed curves are the results for the holographic model.

[1809.07770]

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[0907.3719]

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Details about the potentials ansätze: DBI

  •  

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Parameters of the bulk theory

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​

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We parametrize :

[1112.1261]

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  •  

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Fit to lattice QCD thermodynamics

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[1809.07770]

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Closing remarks on the potentials

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Once the UV and IR boundary conditions are fixed, 12 parameters are used to fit lattice data

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The fit is rigid : dependence on all parameters is weak

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The shape of the curves is a prediction of holography

  • The tuning of parameters just makes the precise numerical match to QCD

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The resulting potentials are actually simple monototic functions

[2110.08281]

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F. The gauge-invariant CS forms

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G. The V-QCD baryon

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The Bulk Instanton

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z

 

SO(3)

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The Bulk Instanton : ansatz

  •  

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SU(2)

U(1)

CS

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The Bulk Instanton : Numerical Solution

  •  

55/34

 

z

 

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Quantization of the collective modes

The baryon states are found by quantizing the collective modes of the classical instanton background

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Collective Modes

Translation in 3D

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Translation in z

Dilation, …

0-modes

 

 

 

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The Rotating Soliton

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Solution of the classical bulk EoMs corresponding to a rotating soliton

The rotation is a perturbation if

 

Soliton moment of inertia

Soliton mass

 

 

 

 

Static

Rotating

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The Rotating Soliton : Quantization

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The solution is obtained numerically

 

 

 

 

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