CSIR- 800 Project

LEAKAGE REPAIR IN BUILDING WITH BIO-BASED SEALANT

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Aakriti: 10CC22A01002

Nighot Nikhil Sanjay: 32EE22A01002

Avinash Kumar Yadav: 20EE22A01003

Jyoti Ahlawat: 10CC20A01002

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Problem

Objective

• To prevent leaks in houses/buildings that are 10 to 15 years old by applying soy-based sealants
• Apply these sealants to various surfaces within older homes to seal gaps and cracks that may have developed over time.
• Minimize reliance on petroleum-based products and chemicals by adopting renewable alternatives like soy-based sealants.
• Encourage the use of materials derived from renewable resources, such as soybean oil, to reduce environmental impact and promote a circular economy.
• Option for sealants with low or no volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to improve indoor air quality by reducing emissions of harmful chemicals.
• Ensure that sealants used in residential or commercial spaces are non-toxic and safe for occupants, minimizing health risks associated with exposure to harmful substances.

Commercially available sealants in the market

There are various commercially available sealants designed to address water leakage in concrete, wood, and masonry houses. Some common types include

Downsides of commercially available sealants from the market

• Production and disposal contribute to pollution, harming soil and water sources.
• Durability may be short-lived due to weather or UV exposure, requiring frequent reapplication.

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• Specialized sealants can be expensive, and regular maintenance adds to long-term expenses.
• Handling toxic sealants requires precautions and proper ventilation.
• Some sealants are flammable or react dangerously under specific conditions.
• Chemical sealants contribute to pollution and resource depletion, lacking eco-friendly features

Eco-friendly Solution

Homemade Soy-based Sealant

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Ingredients and Materials Needed:

• Refined soybean oil / Mustard oil (1 cup)
• White vinegar (1 tablespoon)
• Citrus essential oil (optional for fragrance)
• Glass container for mixing
• Stirring utensil
• Storage container with an airtight lid

Reaction involved:

Vinegar, which contains acetic acid (CH₃​COOH), may facilitate emulsification of soybean oil with other ingredients.

CH₃​COOH + Soybean oil → Emulsification Reaction

Vinegar may help in mixing or blending soybean oil with other components, aiding in the formation of a homogeneous mixture for the sealant.

Steps:

Process:

Mechanism of Soy-based Sealant

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1. Oxidation of Unsaturated Fatty Acids:
• Soybean oil contains unsaturated fatty acids, such as linoleic acid or oleic acid, with double bonds.
• ​ CH₂=CH−CH₂−CH=CH−(Unsaturated fatty acid)+O₂)→Oxidation Reaction ​
• The double bonds undergo oxidation upon exposure to air (Oxygen), initiating a chain reaction.

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• Formation of Peroxides and Hydroperoxides:
• Oxygen reacts with the double bonds, forming peroxides and hydroperoxides.
• R−CH=CH−R′+O₂→R−CH(OO)−CH−R′(Peroxides/Hydroperoxides)
• These intermediate products contribute to the curing process by initiating subsequent reactions.

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• Polymerization and Cross-Linking:
• Peroxides and hydroperoxides promote polymerization and cross-linking reactions between molecules.
• n×R−CH(OO)−CH−R′→Polymerization/Cross-Linking
• Polymer chains form, linking molecules together and creating a three-dimensional network.

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4. Curing and Solidification:

• Polymerization and cross-linking continue, leading to the solidification or curing of the sealant.
• Polymer chains→Cured Solid Film
• The polymer chains intertwine and form a solid film, providing the desired properties of the cured soy-based sealant.

Properties of Soy-based Sealant

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Applications

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• Wood: Soy-based sealants can protect wooden surfaces, such as decks or fences, from water damage, rot, and decay.
• Concrete and Masonry: Soy-based sealants are used to waterproof concrete surfaces, preventing water penetration and reinforcing durability.
• Traditional Building Materials: These sealants can be applied to various traditional materials like adobe, thatch, or natural fibers, helping to protect them from moisture and weather-related deterioration.

• Formation of Protective Barrier: The cured soy-based sealant forms a durable, flexible, and cohesive barrier on the treated surface.
• Hydrophobic Barrier: The hydrophobic nature of the soy-based sealant's film prevents water from penetrating the surface. It causes water to bead up and roll off the treated area.
• Water Repellency: Due to the hydrophobic properties of the sealant, water molecules are unable to permeate the sealed surface, thereby providing protection against water intrusion.
• Resistance to Water Damage: The created barrier effectively shields the surface from moisture, preventing water-related damage such as swelling, rotting, or degradation.

Merits of Soy-based Sealant

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• Derived from renewable soybean oil, reducing reliance on non-renewable resources.
• Biodegrades naturally, minimizing environmental impact during disposal.

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• Contains fewer volatile organic compounds, improving indoor air quality.

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• Excellent at preventing water infiltration and protecting surfaces from moisture-related damage.

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• Suitable for various surfaces like wood, concrete, metals, and plastics.

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• Forms durable protective layers with strong adhesion, resisting degradation over time.

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• Can offer cost advantages in maintenance and lifecycle expenses.
• Lower toxicity compared to conventional chemical sealants, posing fewer health risks.

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• Encourages the use of agricultural products like soybean oil, supporting renewable resource utilization.

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• Contributes to the development of eco-friendly technologies and sustainable construction practices.

Impact on Society

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Environmental impact:

• Reduced environmental footprint compared to petroleum-based sealants.
• Decreased reliance on fossil fuels.
• Soy is a renewable resource, promoting sustainability.
• Soy-based sealants are generally biodegradable, reducing long-term environmental impact.

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Health Benefits:

• Lower toxicity levels compared to some conventional sealants.
• Improved indoor air quality for workers and occupants.

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Economic Advantages:

• Supports local economies through small-scale production.
• Cost-effective, making it a competitive option.

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Job Creation:

• Expands employment opportunities in soybean cultivation, processing, and sealant manufacturing

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Community Awareness and Education:

• Promotes awareness among communities about the benefits of using soy-based sealants, fostering a culture of sustainability.

Local Production:

• Provides opportunities for local businesses and entrepreneurs.
• Reduces transportation-related environmental impacts.

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Thank you

Leakage repair in building with Bio-based sealant