三流病理医シリーズ
軟部腫瘍のみかた
@dodotans
初版 2019/09/13
目次
Index
軟部腫瘍の範囲
Index
WHO 分類 2013 による軟部腫瘍の分類
1 Tumours of soft tissue: Introduction
Epidemiology
Etiology
Clinical features
Imaging of tumours of soft tissue
Grading and staging of sarcomas
2 Adipocytic tumours
Lipoma
Lipomatosis
Lipomatosis of nerve
Lipoblastoma
Angiolipoma
Myolipoma of soft tissue
Chondroid lipoma
Spindle cell/pleomorphic lipoma
Hibernoma
Atypical lipomatous tumour
Dedifferentiated liposarcoma
Myxoid liposarcoma
Pleomorphic liposarcoma
3 Fibroblastic/myofibroblastic tumours
Nodular fasciitis
Proliferative fasciitis and proliferative myositis
Myositis ossificans and fibro-osseous pseudotumour of digits
Ischaemic fasciitis
Elastofibroma
Fibrous hamartoma of infancy
Fibromatosis colli
Juvenile hyaline fibromatosis
Inclusion body fibromatosis
Fibroma of tendon sheath
Desmoplastic fibroblastoma
Mammary-type myofibroblastoma
Calcifying aponeurotic fibroma
Angiomyofibroblastoma
Cellular angiofibroma
Nuchal-type fibroma
Gardner fibroma
Calcifying fibrous tumour
Palmar/plantar fibromatosis
Desmoid-type fibromatosis
Lipofibromatosis
Giant cell fibroblastoma
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
Extrapleural solitary fibrous tumour
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour
Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma
Myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma
Infantile fibrosarcoma
Adult fibrosarcoma
Myxofibrosarcoma
Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma
Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma
WHO 分類 2013 による軟部腫瘍の分類
4 So-called fibrohistiocytic tumours
Tenosynovial giant cell tumour, localized type Tenosynovial giant cell tumour, diffuse type Deep benign fibrous histiocytoma Plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumour Giant cell tumour of soft tissue
5 Smooth-muscle tumours
Leiomyoma of deep soft tissue
Leiomyosarcoma
6 Pericytic (perivascular) tumours
Glomus tumours
Myopericytoma, including myofibroma
Angioleiomyoma
7 Skeletal-muscle tumours
Rhabdomyoma
Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma
Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma
Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma
Spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma
8 Vascular tumours
Haemangiomas
Epithelioid haemangioma
Angiomatosis
Lymphangioma
Kaposiform haemangioendothelioma
Retiform haemangioendothelioma
Papillary intralymphatic angioendothelioma
Composite haemangioendothelioma
Kaposi sarcoma
Pseudomyogenic haemangioendothelioma
Other intermediate vascular neoplasms
Epithelioid haemangioendothelioma
Angiosarcoma of soft tissue
9 Chondro-osseous tumours
Soft-tissue chondroma
Extraskeletal osteosarcoma
10 Gastrointestinal stromal tumours
WHO 分類 2013 による軟部腫瘍の分類
11 Nerve sheath tumours
Schwannoma (including variants)
Melanotic schwannoma
Neurofibroma (including variants)
Perineurioma
Granular cell tumour
Dermal nerve sheath myxoma
Solitary circumscribed neuroma
Ectopic meningioma/meningothelial hamartoma
Nasal glial heterotopia
Benign Triton tumour
Hybrid nerve sheath tumours
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour
Malignant granular cell tumour
Ectomesenchymoma
12 Tumours of uncertain differentiation
Acral fibromyxoma
Intramuscular myxoma
Juxta-articular myxoma
Deep ("aggressive") angiomyxoma
Pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumour of soft parts
Ectopic hamartomatous thymoma
Atypical fibroxanthoma
Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma
Ossifying fibromyxoid tumour
Myoepithelioma/myoepithelial carcinoma/mixed tumour
Haemosiderotic fibrolipomatous tumour
Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumour
Synovial sarcoma
Epithelioid sarcoma
Alveolar soft part sarcoma
Clear cell sarcoma of soft tissue
Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma
Malignant mesenchymoma
Desmoplastic small round cell tumour
Extrarenal rhabdoid tumour
PEComa
Intimal sarcoma
これらを全部覚える必要があるのか?
軟部腫瘍の攻め方
Index
FNCLCC Fédération Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer grading system
組織型
Score 1 : 成人間葉系組織に類似し,良性腫瘍との鑑別が難しい肉腫(高分化型脂肪肉腫等)
Score 2 : 明瞭に分化した組織型を呈する肉腫(粘液型脂肪肉腫,粘液線維肉腫等)
Score 3 : 胎児型および未分化肉腫,滑膜肉腫
核分裂像の数(強拡大 10 視野 :10HPF)
Score 1 : 0-9 mitoses/10HPF
Score 2 : 10-19 mitoses/10HPF
Score 3 : > 19 mitoses/10HPF
腫瘍壊死像
Score 0 : 壊死なし
Score 1 : 腫瘍壊死 50% 未満
Score 2 : 腫瘍壊死 50% 以上
3 個のパラメータから組織学的悪性度を記載.
特に生検組織などでは良悪性や治療方針の決定に有用
組織学的悪性度
Grade 1 : total score 2, 3
Grade 2 : total score 4, 5
Grade 3 : total score 6, 7, 8
頻度も重要
軟部腫瘍の検索
Index
臨床医が本当に必要だったもの
臨床医が本当に必要だったもの
| 良性 | 境界悪性 | 悪性 |
紡錐形細胞 | 切除 | 切除 | 切除>化学放射線療法 |
円形細胞腫瘍 | 切除? | 切除? | 化学放射線療法>切除 |
どうしても困ったとき
Index
分野別のさらっとしたみかた
Index
おことわり
脂肪性腫瘍 adipocytic tumor
Lipoma
脂肪への分化とは
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Lipoma
線維芽細胞・筋線維芽細胞系腫瘍
Nodular fasciitis
線維芽細胞の特徴
Nodular fasciitis
いわゆる線維組織球系腫瘍
Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (diffuse type)
いわゆる線維組織球系腫瘍
Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (diffuse type)
骨格筋 vs 平滑筋 形態学的な特徴
とりあえずは次の2つの特徴を理解していれば区別は大方つく
骨格筋 skeletal m.
平滑筋 smooth m.
血管系腫瘍 Vascular tumors
Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma
血管周皮系腫瘍 Pericytic tumors
Myopericytoma
血管周皮系腫瘍 Pericytic tumors
Myopericytoma
末梢神経系腫瘍 Nerve sheath tumors
Schwannoma
This is the end of the slides
Thank you for your attention.