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Passive

Trpný rod

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Tvorenie trpného rodu

  • Trpný rod tvoríme tvarom slovesa to be a minulým príčastím slovesa.
  • Many tests are written in June.

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Minulé príčastie – Past participle

verb

past participle

verb

past participle

take

taken

tell

told

write

written

make

made

build

built

do

done

read

read

open

opened

spend

spent

finish

finished

send

sent

start

started

put

put

clean

cleaned

give

given

invite

invited

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Použitie trpného rodu - 1

  • Trpný rod používame najčastejšie vtedy, keď nie je dôležité, kto vykonáva daný dej.

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Táto izba sa upratuje každý deň.

Túto izbu upratujú každý deň.

This room is cleaned every day. (nie je dôležité, kto ju upratuje)

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Použitie trpného rodu - 2

  • Trpný rod používame aj vtedy, keď chceme zvýrazniť, kto vykonáva daný dej.

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Túto izbu upratuje slečna Ellisová.

This room is cleaned by Miss Ellis. (Vykonávateľa deja dávame na koniec vety, podmet však musí byť vždy na začiatku.)

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Trpný rod a gramatické časy.

Tense – čas

Sentence – veta

Present simple

This room is cleaned every day.

Past simple

This room was cleaned yesterday.

Future

This room will be cleaned next week.

Future with going to

This room is going to be cleaned now.

Present perfect

This room has been cleaned.

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Trpný rod a gramatické časy

English

Slovak

This room is cleaned every day.

Túto izbu upratujú každý deň.

This room was cleaned yesterday.

Túto izbu upratali včera.

This room will be cleaned tomorrow.

Túto izbu upracú zajtra.

This room is going to be cleaned now.

Tú izbu idú upratať teraz.

This room has been cleaned.

Túto izbu už upratali.

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Task 1

  • Now convert the sentences in active into passice.
  • Teraz preveďte vety v činnom rode na trpný rod.

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  • People read some American newspapers in Slovakia, too.
  • Some American newspapers are read in Slovakia, too.

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  • Pupils in class eight write this test in January.
  • This test is written by pupils in class eight in January.

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  • People use our computers all over the world.
  • Our computers are used all over the world.

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  • Workers build supermarkets especially in big cities.
  • Supermarkets are built especially in big cities.

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  • I check the tests.
  • The tests are checked by me.

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  • They print many Slovak books in Martin.
  • Many Slovak books are printed in Martin.

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  • They produce cheaper computers in China and Taiwan.
  • Cheaper computers are produced in China and Taiwan.

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  • People speak English in India, New Zealand and many other countries, too.
  • English is spoken in India, New Zealand and many other countries, too.

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Task 2

  • Translate these sentences and use the passive voice.
  • Preložte tieto vety a použite trpný rod.

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  • Niektoré americké noviny sa čítajú aj na Slovensku.

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  • Túto previerku píšu žiaci ôsmeho ročníka v januári.

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  • Naše počítače sa používajú na celom svete.

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  • Supermarkety sa stavajú hlavne vo veľkých mestách.

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  • Previerky opravujem ja.

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  • Mnoho slovenských kníh vytlačia v Martine.

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  • Lacnejšie počítače sa vyrábajú aj v Číne a na Taivane.

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  • Po anglicky sa rozpráva aj v Indii, na Novom Zélande a mnohých ďalších krajinách.