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Editors:

Marcin Jakubowski

Graphic Design:

Jean-Baptiste Vervaeck

Version:

Date:

D3D Pro - Build Manual

v2.0

November 21, 2020

Open Source Ecology Production Manual Series

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Table of contents

Prelude: Notes on Using this Guide

  1. Introduction + Basic Procedure
  2. CAD
  3. Build Instructions
  4. Bill of Materials
  5. Tools
  6. Cut + Prepare List
  7. Weld List
  8. Finish Checklist
  9. First Run
  10. Troubleshooting and Repair

Appendix

Chapter 1

Chapter 2

Chapter 3

Chapter 4

Chapter 4

Chapter 5

Chapter 6

Chapter 7

Chapter 8

Section 9

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Notes On Using this Guide

ABOUT: This guide - the D3D Pro Build Guide- is part of a production manual series for the 50 Global Village Construction Set machines. The intended audience is people interested in producing kits, running immersion build workshops based on this kit, and anyone else interested in collaborative, open source production.

HOW TO USE: You can use a QR code reader to scan the bar codes to access content online.

COLLABORATION: This is a collaborative effort. You are invited to help edit this guide. You can edit this document or make a copy, make your edits, and email us describing your proposed changes. To join our open source product development effort, see the Getting Involved page on the OSE wiki. You can email us at info@opensourceecology.org

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Wiring - take a look at John Blakley’s wiring guide for the Pro and follow it for most of the wiring.

For the build of the Extruder - see Universal Extruder Build Instructions

For the Control Panel, see the wiki page on the Unviersal Controller

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The D3D Pro is a production printer with an 8” insulated, heated bed.

This manual walks a builder through the build process. This builds on the Manual from 2018 - which you can still use for relevant guidance..

Building the kit involves:

  1. Assembling the Frame
    1. Steel Anglle - 1.5”x1/8”
    2. 3D Printed Corners
      1. Plain
      2. Top ones - mount axes to them
        1. Top corners are mirror images - 2 left, 2 right
    3. Assemble frame by sticking metal angle into the 3D printed pieces
    4. Draw a line 1.5” away from end of angle
    5. Use a rubber mallet or wood block and a hammer to
    6. General procedure:
      • Make bottom
        • Make 2 opposite sides
        • Then connect them
      • Make top
      • Insert vericals after top and bottom
  2. Assembling Axes
  3. Assembling heater element and putting it inside heat bed
  4. Connecting all wiring - extruder, bed, endstops, axes
  5. Run!

Link to Product Page

Picture

Front

Back

Y1

Y2

Z1

Z2

1. Introduction

How to build a D3D Pro from Kit. See wiki page for CAD files.

X

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2. 3D CAD

See D3D Pro CAD and study it in FreeCAD.

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Link to Product Page

3. Step 1: Build Frame

How to build a D3D Pro from Kit. See wiki page for CAD files.

To build frame:

  1. Make bottom 4 sides by inserting metal into corners.
  2. Make top 4 sides. These are the corners with the tabs for mouting the axes. See next page for orientation of tabs.
  3. Connect the 4 verticals.

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  1. Assembly of Frame and Frame orientation.

B. Assemble Upper Frame

  1. Assemble Lower Frame components in this order

Tip: Use small file, saw or dremel tool to grind off small amount of material if angle iron won't fit into the printed corner. You can also use small amounts of silicone lubricant to make the sliding of the angle into the printed corners easier.

Upper printed corner tabs face opposite directions as indicated.FRONT

Label the front of the printer as a point of reference.

FRONT Z1

FRONT

Left upper corner tabs mirror each other as indicated.FRONT

Z1

Y1

Y2

Z2

X

1

2

3

4

Frame has to be decently square to prevent Axis Carriage Jams and a level

Bed, but this is not critical because there are adjustments in software and in the design

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Centering the Z Axis

Centering the Z Axis should be done so that the print area is correct. You can do a final adjustment side to side once your printer is running. You just need to make sure the Z axes are vertical and not skewed.

The bed must be level to achieve good adhesion of initial printing layers and also to prevent part disfiguration while printing. However, there is bed leveling correction in software, so you can be off by a few millimeters and perfect leveling will still occur. .

You can use a combination square on 4 upper and 4 lower points. Ensure that the combination square distance matches equally from point to point. Remember that your frame pieces must be properly attached in order to get accurate readings. You can use a rubber mallet to punch the corners all the way into the steel angle. However, in general the 3D printed corners are already square - so the frame should be square automatically.

Steel must be inserted all the way

Into the printed Corners. If needed

Use rubber mallet on corners to get

Proper fit

Keep adjusting this distance until it matches on it’s corresponding opposite side. Final adjustment can be done once you observe the actual motion range of the extruder.

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  1. Frame assembly photos

Partial bottom of the frame. Remember to mark the steel angles 1.5” away from the edges and assemble each side first for ease of alignment.

Assembled bottom:

Start with opposite sides, than insert the middle pieces:

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Partial top. Note the mirror image corner pieces:

Assembled top:

Hint 1: Use a rubber mallet or a hammer with a wood block.

Hint 2: to eliminate guessing of how deep the pieces need to be inside the sockets - use a ruler and measure every few hits. The steel is 10”. The sockets are 1.5” deep. This means the exposed steel should end up at 7” long. To be safe - make it 6.75” exposed.

Hint 3: If you want to guarantee the correct dimensions - cut yourself a piece of wood or other material exactly 6.75”. Use it as a spacer - by holding it against the steel as you punch in the so that you keep knocking the steel in until you bottom out against your wood spacer. This guarantees that the sides will be equivalent to within a fraction of a millimeter - which is better than you can do by measuring. Note that the steel pieces may be more than 1 mm off in length - so using the spacer allows you to even out all sides of the frame even if the steel angle is not equal size

Hint 4: if you are having a hard time inserting the steel into the corner pieces - use a heat gun to soften the corner pieces.

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Fully assembled frame:

Question: How precise do I need to be with how square and parallel I make the frame?

Answer: ⅛”

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Use M6x30 bolts to connect Y axes to corners.

2. Step 2: Build Axes and Attach to Frame

How to build a D3D Pro from Kit. See wiki page for CAD files.

Y1 Axis

Y2 Axis

X Axis

Z1 Axis

Z2 Axis

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Zip tie bearings through hole

2. Autoparallel Mechanism - Detail

This allows the X axis rods to move in and out, in case Y axes are not exactly parallel - so that the Y motion does not bind up.

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Take belt, m6 set screw, and 3D printed belt cylinder

Screw the set screw inside the belt using a 3 mm Allen wrench.

Slip belt inside the belt cylinder with belt ridges towards each other.

Once set screw is in, belt cannot be pulled out

2. Attach Belts

Belts have a lock on one and other side.

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Take belt, m6 set screw, and 3D printed belt cylinder

Screw the set screw inside the belt using a 3 mm Allen wrench.

Slip belt inside the belt cylinder with belt ridges towards each other.

2. To make the idler piece:

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  1. Build - Axes

How to build D3D Pro axes.

See Universal Axis.

Note that we shifted to 1-piece axis 3D printed pieces, so the 2-part clamshells have been simplified.

  1. Base
  2. Bed
  3. Z axis
  4. X axis
  5. Controller
  6. Extruder
  7. Wiring

Study idler assembly

Study assembly of carriage

Study assembly of motor piece

Study assembly of idler to rods. Nuts are needed inside for the Z axis, but not for the Extruder Axis.

Study final assembly of one axis.

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2. Gantry Orientation

Main motion system

The gantry is the main motion system of the 3D printer, which moves the 3D print head in the X and Y direction. The print bed moves slowly up and down. See CAD of Gantry

To build... pay to orientation:

  1. Looking from the front:
    1. Y1 is on the left
    2. Y2 is on the right
    3. Z1 is facing you
    4. Z2 is on the back facing away
    5. X spans between Y1 and Y2

X is on left

Y1 Motor

Extruder Motor

Back

17.5” rods are X rods

Rods:

[4] 13" verticals

[6] 17.5" X and Y

[3] 14" for spool holder

17.5” rods - Y

Auto Parallel Piece

Idler

idler

Carriage

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2. Gantry Detail 1 - X Axis to Y1 Connection

Main motion system

For reference only. Note that we shifted to 1-piece axis 3D printed pieces, so the 2-part clamshells have been simplified.

Y1 Axis

X Axis

X Axis

X Motor

X Motor

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2. Gantry Detail 2 - X Axis to Y2 Connection

Main motion system

For reference only. Note that we shifted to 1-piece axis 3D printed pieces, so the 2-part clamshells have been simplified.

Idler Piece

Half-carriage Piece (allows rods to slip in and out for auto-paralleling of Y1 and Y2) (Auto Parallel Piece)

Y2 Carriage

Half

Y2 Axis

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2. Gantry Detail 1 - X Axis to Y1 Connection

Main motion system

For reference only. Note that we shifted to 1-piece axis 3D printed pieces, so the 2-part clamshells have been simplified.

Y1 Axis

X Axis

X Axis

X Motor

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2. Wire routing detail from X and Y to control panel

Main motion system

X Motor

Y1 Motor

Y1 Carriage

Y1 Idler

Extruder Wires

X Axis Wires

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2. Motor, Bed Holder, Z Rod Detail

Main motion system

Y1 Motor

X Motor

Z2 Motor

X Motor

ExtruderMotor

Bed Holder

(Link)

Z Carriage

Y1 Motor

Z2

Motor

Y2

Motor

Note small break in rod: the Z2 Rod goes in half way into Z2 motor piece, the top part is a separate spool holder rod

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2. Connection to Frame

Main motion system

....

  1. Y axis connection to frame: The corner pieces have holes
    1. Use the 30mm bolts to connect these
    2. Note that most bolts are 18 mm long - they make the actual axis parts
  2. Z axis connection to frame: uses snap-on connection:

Back

Slip spool holder in there

Z connection to bed

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2. X axis to Y axis connection

Main motion system

....

  • Y axis connection to frame: The corner pieces have holes
    • Use the 30mm bolts to connect these
    • Note that most bolts are 18 mm long - they make the actual axis parts
  • Z axis connection to frame: uses snap-on connection:

Back

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DIY Collaboration

Take picture

Y1

Y2

X

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Wiring

Includes Control Panel Build + Wiring

See Universal Controller to build the Control Panel. See wiring manual, and a wire-by-wire visual guide John Blakley.

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Heater Build - Understand the Anatomy of the Heater Element

Make 1 heater element. See details on the wiki.

Core - (under sleeve) consists of 4’ fiberglass sleeve core. Nichrome wraps around core, and then a second layer of fiberglass sleeve is used to insulate the heater element. The outer jacket should be longer (5’) so that it covers the entire core and solid wires.

  1. Wrap nichrome around 4’ piece of fiberglass
  2. Make connections to the fence wire

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Software

  1. Use Marlin - upload to the controller via USB cable and Arduino Environment. https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/File:Marlin_D3D_Pro_v1.0.zip
  2. Make sure to install u8glib for Arduino Environment as shown at https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/OSE_Marlin_and_Github#u8glib
  3. Use Arduino Environment - https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/Arduino_Environment
  4. Make sure you select Arduino Mega and USB port in Arduino Environment so that the program compiles properly
  5. You can use OSE Linux 2.0 - it has the Arduino Environment already installed. But you still have to install u8glib.

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D3D Pro Startup Procedure

  • Plug in all the wires
    1. Plug in 6 stepper motors
    2. Plug is 3 endstops
    3. Plug in thermistor for bed and heater
    4. Connect 5V to RAMPS
    5. Connect 5V to bed heater signal
    6. Connect bed heater signal to Solid State Relay (SSR)
    7. Connect heat bed through SSR
    8. Connect 120V to power supply
    9. Connect 24V to RAMPS
    10. Connect blower, fan, and heater
    11. Connect LCD
    12. Connect power to GFCI
  • Reset the GFCI - and this powers the system on
    • Check that LCD turns on and thermistors are reading room temperature for bed and heater
    • Check whether the fan turns on. Blower should remain off.
    • Check whether Z probe light turns on when a metal object is placed by the probe
      1. With all this done - you have verified that Z probe, fan, and thermistors are functioning
  • Go into Menu and Control and turn on the extruder heater
    • Observe if temperature of extruder rises. Set temp to 230C.
    • Observe if Move Axis -> Extruder is working, such that extruder extrudes (not retracts) when positive extrusion is selected.
  • Go into menu, and do Prepare-> Auto Home. This tests motion and endstops
    • Keep hand on reset button, and observer for correct motion. Correct motion means motion towards endstops
    • If motion is reversed, click reset and reverse Dupont connector. Try again. Shake down the X, Y, and Z in this manner
    • After motion is correct, you are ready for the first print.
  • Upload a file to the SD card, and do a test print
    • Upon first print, go to Menu->Tune->Babystepping Correction
    • Correct the first layer height. Touch the print, and observe whether it is more or less flat with the surface. You can do a tactile test or visual inspection for layer height
    • Go into Control->Motion->Z-Offset - adjust Z offset by value of babystepping
    • Go into Control->Store memory
  • You’re done! Finish print and observe result - such as flatness of first layer (no lines visible, it’s smooth against the print bed)>

+

-

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Troubleshooting

  • How do you know the extruder and bed heated up properly?
    • First, the screen should show the proper temperatures, say 60C for bed and 230 for the extruder
    • To test this physically - tough the 60C bed surface. It should be hot - but not so hot that it burns you. For the extruder - you can test if it’s hot enough by pushing filament manually through the extruder. It should push through and extruder out of the nozzle easily when you push the filament with your hand.