Control Of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH)

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Chemical Handling

• What is a CHEMICAL?
• A chemical is a substance that can take part in a reaction with another
• Chemicals can be liquid, solid or gas
• Chemicals are so diverse that subject is a science of it’s own
• Chemicals can be harmless, harmful, reactive, flammable, toxic, explosive, bio-hazardous, oxidizing, corrosive, or any combination of else

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Chemical Handling

• Most Chemicals are dangerous in one way or another.
• Can you tell which is which???

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Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

• Quite simply you cannot. But we have a very good system of finding;
• Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
• MSDS is the information relating to that chemical’s properties
• This must include the hazards to life and health and the precautions to take when dealing with chemical

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Risk Phrases

• Chemical data sheets contain codes for certain "risk phrases". These risk phrase codes have the following meanings:
• R1 Explosive when dry.
• R2 Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other source of ignition.
• R3 Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition.
• R4 Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds.
• R5 Heating may cause an explosion.
• And on to R65!!!!

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Safety Phrases

• MSDS may also have “SAFETY PHRASES-
• Safety phrase codes have the following meanings:
• S1 Keep locked up.
• S2 Keep out of the reach of children.
• S3 Keep in a cool place.
• S4 Keep away from living quarters.
• S5 Keep contents under ... (there follows the name of a liquid).
• And so on to S62!

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Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

MSDSs are available from;

• Manufacturers
• Internet
• Suppliers

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Chemical Label

• In addition to MSDS, all chemical containers and packaging must be properly labelled.
• The label will give brief but relevant information on the hazards and handling
• Hazard Rating is also important for quick determination of the classification of the substance

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Chemical Label

Four Hazard Parameters

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Hazard Rating Systems

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Five Hazard Levels (NFPA)

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0 Insignificant

1 Slight

2 Moderate

3 High

4 Extreme

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Chemical Hazards

• Materials classified as 'Harmful' can exert harm on the body, but at relatively higher concentrations than those classed as Toxic.
• Materials are classified as Toxic if they cause harm to the body when taken in relatively small amounts.

Some specific types of toxicity can include the following;

• Carcinogenic: can cause Cancer.
• Mutagenic: can cause heritable genetic defects.
• Teratogenic: can cause deformities in the fetus.

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Chemical Hazard

TOXICITY IS AFFECTED BY MANY FACTORS.

• Dose (concentration)
• Duration of exposure
• Route of exposure
• Presence of other chemicals which might react.
• General health / fitness of the individual.

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Chemical Route of Exposure

• This can be by;
• Inhalation
• Skin Absorption
• Ingestion
• Injection

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Chemical Hazard

Flammable or Highly Flammable

• Flammable or Highly Flammable materials are generally those with a fire point of less than 55ºC

Corrosive

• This means can cause burning to other materials including skin

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Chemical Hazards

• Explosive material is a material that is either chemically is a material that is either chemically or otherwise energetically unstable or produces a sudden expansion of the material usually accompanied by the production of heat and large changes in pressure upon initiation
• Oxidizer – oxygen support rapid combustion, the more oxygen the more possible of explosion. An oxidizing agent (also called an oxidant or oxidizer) is
• A chemical compoundA chemical compound that readily transfers oxygen atoms or
• A substance that oxidizes another substance

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Chemical Handling

It is a requirement of International Law that chemicals sold for industrial use must be accompanied by a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) which gives details on the hazards of the material and the proper handling precautions to be used

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Chemical Handling

Materials are classified as hazardous if they belong to one or more of the following UN Hazard Classification groups:

There are nine dangerous goods classes:

Class 1 Explosives

Class 2 Gases

Class 3 Flammable Liquids

Class 4 Flammable Solids, Spontaneously Combustible

Substances & Dangerous When Wet

Class 5 Oxidizing Agents and Organic Peroxides

Class 6 Toxic and Infectious Substances

Class 7 Radioactive Substances

Class 8 Corrosives

Class 9 Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods

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Chemical Inventory

• This is required for all chemicals in all areas.
• It requires constant updating
• The information must be passed to HSE
• It must be compiled by a responsible person.

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Chemical Inventory

INFORMATION ON THE CHEMICAL INVENTORY-

• Name & contact information for persons responsible for the area or chemicals
• Date the list was compiled or updated
• Chemical name – The common trade, product or chemical name. Typically this is the name given on the manufacturers label.
• Location – Give common storage location for the chemical in area. This is to help identify the location of hazardous materials in work area in case of emergency.

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Chemical Inventory

• Manufactures name – Give the name of manufacture, supplier or distributor for the product or chemical. This will match the MSDS
• Typical maximum quantity – This will be the maximum amount that is commonly kept in this location
• Amount – This will be in total volume, mass, weight.
• Units – For volume litre, millilitres, pints, or gallons; for mass grams or kilograms will be used.

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Contact with Chemical

1. TRANSPORTATION

2. STORAGE

3. HANDLING

4. DISPOSAL

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Transportation

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• The delivery truck must have the information necessary for the emergency services to deal with any spillage, fire or accidental release of the contents.
• When taking delivery of chemicals, they should remain in their packaging until they are safely in the place they are going to be used.
• All the necessary equipment / PPE should be available

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Storage

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• Before storing any chemical, make sure to check the label on the container to determine the hazard class & precautions to be taken
• Do not store incompatible materials together. Separate incompatible materials by distance or barrier
• Always segregate chemicals BY HAZARD CLASS, and not alphabetically or by use. Make sure to keep all OXIDISERS well away from FLAMMABLES and other reactive or combustible materials

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Storage

• Make sure that all label information on containers of hazardous materials is clear and legible. This rule also applies to WASTE material containing hazardous chemicals.
• Keep all stocks of hazardous materials in any area (both good stock & waste) to a minimum.
• Never store hazardous chemicals above eye level where stretching is necessary to obtain them.

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Storage

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• Restrict access to toxic storage areas whenever possible.
• Ensure that there is adequate means of dealing with spillage and fire situations and that PPE is available
• Ensure adequate ventilation

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Handling Chemicals

Always consult the Label information and the MSDS / Risk Assessment, before use of a Toxic chemical and obey the warnings and precautions given. Unless you know the substance is definitely not Toxic, treat it as though it is.

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Handling Chemicals

• Since toxicity is affected by a range of factors, it is not possible to generalize on what protective equipment is necessary to be worn for any specific task. Before use of any Toxic / Harmful chemical, determine the Route of exposure (by Label information or MSDS and Risk Assessment) and take precautions to avoid exposure by that route.

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• Before beginning a task involving a Toxic / Harmful substance, lay out the workspace appropriately to avoid knocking over containers. Take care to prevent spills. In case of spills, immediately clean CAREFULLY (without raising clouds of dust / vapors) according to the Risk Assessment, and making sure that adequate protective equipment is worn.

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Handling Chemicals

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• Limit exposure as far as possible - work with the smallest possible amounts, and limit the number of people working in the vicinity where toxic substances are being used. Work in a fume hood or under local exhaust ventilation if available
• Avoid contact of chemicals with skin, eyes, mouth and clothing. Avoid inhalation of dust, vapors, mists or fumes. Wash hands before breaks and when finished work for the day.

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Handling Chemicals

• Replace lids of Toxic/ Harmful substances on containers immediately after use, and return to appropriate storage areas.
• Never put Toxic / Harmful substances in un-labeled containers

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Disposal

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• The disposal of used chemicals can sometimes be more hazardous than the use of them
• There is often an Environmental issue
• Waste handler tends to be relax and lacking of knowledge

Disposal

• Chemical waste disposal, Chemical Spillage and Response should be done as per instruction in the MSDS or Site Environmental Waste Management Plan

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Site Common Chemicals/Substances

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• Solvents
• Gasoline
• Diesel
• L.P.G.
• Acetylene
• Oxygen
• Argon
• Thinner
• Paints
• Waste Battery liquid

• Insulation materials
• Used oils
• Chlorine
• Adhesives
• Pressurised can(WD-40)
• Radiography materials
• insecticides
• Commissioning waste water

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Personal Protective Equipment

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While Handling hazardous substances PPE should be used such as;

• Respirators
• Gloves
• Apron
• Face shield
• Safety glass
• Coverall
• Or as specified in the MSDS or Site HSE Plan

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PPE

1. Face and Eye Protection

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• Protection required against splashes, particles and vapours

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PPE

2. Body Protection

Coverall, aprons

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3. Foot Protection

PPE

4. Hand Protection

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5. Respirator

PPE Inspection

User shall check all his PPE prior to use;

• For integrity
• For clarity
• For fitting
• For fastening
• cleanliness

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Summary

• AND WHEN YOU ARE FINISHED WITH IT-----
• CLEAN IT OR DISPOSE IT.
• REMEMBER THE NEXT PERSON TO USE IT MIGHT BE YOU!

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